厥者，手足逆冷，阴阳不相接之谓也。凡阴虚而不接者，则温之；阳陷伏而不相顺者，
则下
之。热邪入而未深者，则散之，皆四肢逆冷之厥也。至于《内经》厥意则不然，以足三阴起
于足趾之端，足三阴聚于足心之下。若阳气盛则阴气虚，阳乘阴位，故热厥，必从足下始，
而阴虚之病，足心多热也。若阴气胜则阳气虚，阳不胜阴，故寒厥，必起于足五指而不行于
膝，其寒非从外入，皆由内生。所以阳虚之证，四肢多不温也，论得寒厥之由，则谓其人自
恃质壮，于秋冬阴尽之时，纵欲以夺精，精虚于下，寒气因而上逆，阳衰不能渗营其经络，
而
手足寒也。论得热厥之由，则其人醉饱入房，酒谷之气相薄，耗竭真元，脾肾之阴伤于内，
元阳无制，而手足热也。夫阴阳内外，各有所司。阳主表，其气温，阴主里，其气寒。表里
之脉，循环相接于四肢，故举伤于酒色，以阴阳二厥之大者为例。着于篇首，续序十二经病
形
，皆不言手足之厥，亦不及受病之因，谓二例在前，可因此而推之。故叶氏曰∶内经所谓寒
热二厥，乃阴阳气逆而为虚损之证。寒厥补阳，热厥补阴，正合王太仆壮水之主以制阳光，
益火之源以消阴翳之法。仲景、河间、安道所论，乃伤寒手足之厥冷也，证既不同，治法亦
异，可称明辨。他如烦劳过度，阳气必张，阴精内竭，积至于夏，则为煎厥。大怒伤肝，形
气暴绝，血菀于上，则为薄厥，亦名气逆。二阳一阴发病，则为风厥。五络俱竭，或飞尸鬼
击，卒然中恶，则为尸厥。恶血冲心，则为血厥。痰涎迷闷，则为痰厥。因醉得者，则为醉
厥。因饱得者，则为食厥。此皆卒中暴仆之厥也。外有骨枯爪痛为骨厥，身立如椽为 厥，
漏而强直为阳明厥，长虫吐出为蛔厥，与夫厉头痛，厥心痛，厥腰痛、厥疝、痿厥、痹厥、
香港脚厥等，此因有逆气而名厥者也。学人详其治以施之。
厥，是指手足逆冷，是阴阳之气不能相互接续的状态。凡是因阴虚而导致阴阳不相接的，就用温补法；凡是因阳气下陷伏匿且不相顺接的，就用攻下法。凡是热邪侵入但尚未深入的，就用发散法，这些都属于四肢逆冷的厥证。至于《内经》中关于“厥”的含义则不同：足三阴经起于足趾末端，足三阴经汇聚于足心下方。如果阳气盛而阴气虚，阳乘袭阴位，所以发生热厥，必定从足下开始，这是阴虚的病证，足心多发热。如果阴气胜而阳气虚，阳不胜阴，所以发生寒厥，必定起于足五指而不上行至膝部，这种寒冷并非从外侵入，皆由体内产生。因此阳虚的证候，四肢大多不温暖。论述寒厥的成因，是说其人自恃体质强壮，在秋冬阴气极盛之时，纵欲以耗夺精气，精气亏虚于下，寒气因而上逆，阳气衰微不能渗透滋养经络，从而导致手足寒冷。论述热厥的成因，是说其人醉酒后行房事，酒谷之气相互搏结，耗竭真元，脾肾之阴在内受损，元阳失去制约，从而导致手足发热。阴阳内外，各有其职能。阳主表，其气温热；阴主里，其气寒凉。表里之脉，在四肢循环相接，所以举出因酒色损伤导致的阴阳二厥作为大例写在篇首，接着叙述十二经脉的病形，都不提及手足厥冷，也不涉及受病的起因，是因为前文已有两个例子，可以由此推及其他。所以叶氏说：《内经》所说的寒热二厥，乃是阴阳之气逆乱而导致的虚损证候。寒厥补阳，热厥补阴，正符合王太仆“壮水之主以制阳光，益火之源以消阴翳”的方法。张仲景、刘河间、滑寿（安道）所论述的，乃是伤寒所致的手足厥冷，既然证候不同，治法也各异，可以称为明辨。其他如烦劳过度，阳气必亢盛，阴精内里枯竭，积聚到夏季，则为煎厥。大怒伤肝，形体与气机突然断绝，血液郁积于上部，则为薄厥，也称为气逆。阳明与少阴两经发病，则为风厥。五络全部衰竭，或遭遇飞尸鬼击，突然中恶，则为尸厥。恶血冲心，则为血厥。痰涎迷闷，则为痰厥。因醉酒得病者，则为醉厥。因饱食得病者，则为食厥。这些都是猝然昏倒仆地的厥证。此外还有骨枯爪痛为骨厥，身体僵直如椽木为尸厥（注：原文此处似有脱字或异体，结合语境及后文“身立如椽”，通常指僵直状态，此处依原文直译），汗漏不止且强直为阳明厥，蛔虫吐出为蛔厥，以及厉头痛、厥心痛、厥腰痛、厥疝、痿厥、痹厥、香港脚厥等，这些都是因为有逆气而得名厥的证候。学习的人应详细研究其治法并加以应用。
Jue (Cold Extremities) refers to the coldness of the hands and feet, which is defined as the failure of Yin and Yang Qi to connect with each other. In cases where Yin deficiency leads to this disconnection, warming methods are used; in cases where Yang Qi sinks and becomes latent, failing to flow smoothly, purgative methods are employed. When pathogenic heat has entered but has not penetrated deeply, dispersing methods are applied. All these constitute Jue characterized by cold extremities. However, the meaning of "Jue" in *Neijing* (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) differs: the three Yin meridians of the foot originate at the tips of the toes and converge below the sole of the foot. If Yang Qi is excessive while Yin Qi is deficient, Yang invades the Yin territory, resulting in Heat Jue (Heat Extremities), which necessarily begins from the soles of the feet; this is a disease of Yin deficiency, where the soles of the feet are often hot. If Yin Qi is dominant while Yang Qi is deficient, and Yang cannot overcome Yin, Cold Jue (Cold Extremities) occurs, starting at the five toes of the feet without extending to the knees. This coldness does not enter from the exterior but arises internally. Therefore, in syndromes of Yang deficiency, the four limbs are mostly not warm. Regarding the etiology of Cold Jue, it states that the individual, relying on their robust constitution, indulges in sexual activity during late autumn and winter when Yin is at its peak, depleting essence. With essence depleted below, cold qi rebels upward; due to the decline of Yang Qi, it fails to permeate and nourish the meridians, leading to cold hands and feet. Regarding the etiology of Heat Jue, it describes individuals engaging in intercourse after heavy drinking and eating. The qi of wine and grain contend with each other, exhausting true Yuan Qi. The Yin of the Spleen and Kidney is damaged internally, leaving Yuan Yang uncontrolled, resulting in hot hands and feet. Yin and Yang, interior and exterior, each have their respective functions. Yang governs the exterior and is warm; Yin governs the interior and is cold. The meridians of the interior and exterior circulate and connect at the four limbs. Thus, examples of major Yin and Yang Jue caused by damage from wine and sexual excess are presented at the beginning of the chapter. Subsequently, the pathological manifestations of the twelve meridians are narrated without mentioning hand-foot Jue or the causes of disease, because the two preceding examples allow for deduction. Therefore, Ye Tianshi stated: The Cold and Heat Jue mentioned in *Neijing* are deficiency syndromes caused by the rebellion of Yin and Yang Qi. Warming Yang for Cold Jue and nourishing Yin for Heat Jue perfectly aligns with Wang Bing’s (Wang Taipu) method of "strengthening the master of Water to control the glare of Sun, and benefiting the source of Fire to dissipate the shadows of Yin." Zhang Zhongjing, Liu Wansu (Hejian), and Hua Shuo (Andao) discussed hand-foot cold extremities caused by Cold Damage (Shanghan). Since the syndromes differ, the treatment methods also differ, which can be called clear discrimination. Other examples include: excessive mental fatigue causing Yang to flare up and internal exhaustion of Yin essence, accumulating until summer, resulting in Jian Jue (Frying Jue); severe anger injuring the Liver, causing sudden severance of form and Qi, with blood stagnating in the upper body, resulting in Bo Jue (Thinning Jue), also known as Qi Rebellion; pathology involving the Yangming and Shaoyin meridians results in Feng Jue (Wind Jue); exhaustion of all five collaterals, or being struck suddenly by evil spirits (Feishi Guiji), results in Shi Jue (Corpse Jue); evil blood rushing to the Heart results in Xue Jue (Blood Jue); confusion and stifling due to phlegm-dampness results in Tan Jue (Phlegm Jue); illness contracted due to drunkenness results in Zui Jue (Drunkenness Jue); illness contracted due to overeating results in Shi Jue (Food Jue). These are all cases of sudden collapse and fainting. Additionally, there are Bone Jue (characterized withered bones and painful nails), Corpse Jue (characterized by rigid body like a rafter), Yangming Jue (characterized by leakage and rigidity), Hui Jue (characterized by expulsion of roundworms), as well as Li Headache, Jue Heartache, Jue Lower Back Pain, Jue Hernia, Wei Jue (Flaccidity Jue), Bi Jue (Obstruction Jue), Hongjiao Jue (Charley Horse/Down's Ague Jue), etc. These are named Jue due to the presence of rebellious Qi. Students should study their treatments carefully and apply them accordingly.