论曰夫中水毒，其名有三，中水中溪中洒，其状恶寒头痛目疼，心烦懊闷，四肢振 ，
腰背骨节皆强，或 发热，神昏喜睡，朝轻暮剧，手足指冷，二三日则生虫，下部生疮，
不痒不痛，人罕自觉苦，不即治则便脓，虫毒上食五脏，热盛烦毒注下，不过八九日死，若
手足指冷至一寸为微，至肘膝为剧，然治水毒，有阴有阳，其疮正赤如截肉者，阳毒也，其
脉缓大而数，其疮如鲤鱼齿者。阴毒也，其脉沉细而迟，阳毒虽急而易治，法宜发汗，阴毒
虽缓而难治，尤不可忽，凡水毒惟山高及山峡溪源缭绕处，多有之。何者山高水冷，日中始
，得阳气，故阴气常积而水有毒，亦犹广南山高地下，气不疏通，故郁而为瘴，水毒为多阴
，瘴气为多阳，多阳则热结于中，多阴则指节逆冷，二者为病，大体与伤寒相类，欲辨水毒
，即以热汤数斗，蒜四升捣碎，内汤中，去滓洗浴，若身体发赤斑者，是水毒也，此证剧则
为洞利，及齿间出血，心腹烦满，下血如烂肝，不食而狂，皆热毒变化而成也，土人辟却之
法，略与射工相似。
治中水毒，手足指至肘膝下冷，茱萸汤方
吴茱萸（汤洗焙干五两） 乌梅（半两） 犀角屑 升麻 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙各二两）
上五味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，生姜二枣大拍破，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓空腹温服
，日三夜一。
治中水毒，手足指俱冷，乌梅汤方
乌梅（三两去核熬）
上一味，捣碎，每服三钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓不拘时频服。
治中水毒，手足指冷至肘膝，水萍散方
水萍（不拘多少）
上一味，曝干，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，米饮调下，早晨日午近晚各一服。
治中水毒寒热，升麻汤方
升麻（三两） 龙胆 葳蕤 大青（各一两）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓温服，未瘥频服。
治中水毒寒热，水蓼酒方
水蓼（不拘多少）
上一味，捣取汁，每服一合，酒半盏，调匀服，日三。
治中水毒，桃叶饮方
新桃叶（不拘多少）
上一味，旋捣取汁，每服一盏，饮之不拘时候。
治中水毒，苍耳汁方
苍耳（不拘多少）
上一味，捣取汁，以绵沾汁导下部，日三。
治中水毒，桃梅饮方
新桃叶 新梅叶（各半斤）
上二味，洗捣取汁，每服半盏，饮之不拘时。
治中水毒溪毒。寒热如伤寒状。五加皮散方
五加皮（三两洗切）
上一味，捣罗为散，每服一钱匕，酒一盏、调下。日二夜一，粥饮调亦得。
治中水毒溪毒，如伤寒状，葱白汤方
葱白（一握切） 豉（半升） 葛根（二两） 升麻（三分）
上四味，锉如麻豆大，每服四钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓温服，移时又服。
治中水毒溪毒，下部虫蚀生疮，牡丹皮散方
牡丹皮（二两）
上一味，捣罗为散，每服二钱匕，酒一盏调下、日三。
治中水毒溪毒，下部虫蚀生疮，葛藤洗方
葛藤（不拘多少）
上一味，以水煮取浓汁，洗下部，并导灌入下部，良。
治中水毒，寒热，蓝根涂方
蓝根并叶（不拘多少）
上一味，洗净捣烂，涂头面及身上，频用为佳。
论述说：所谓中水毒，其名称有三种，包括中水、中溪、中洒。其症状表现为恶寒、头痛、目痛，心烦懊恼闷乱，四肢震颤，腰背及骨节皆僵硬强直，有时发热，神志昏沉嗜睡，早晨病情较轻，傍晚加重，手足指端发冷，二三天后体内生虫，下部（生殖器或肛门周围）生疮，不痒不痛，人们很少自觉痛苦，如果不立即治疗就会化脓，虫毒上行侵蚀五脏，热盛烦毒下注，不超过八九天就会死亡。如果手足指端冷至一寸为轻微，冷至肘膝为严重。然而治疗水毒，有阴证和阳证之分，疮色正红如截断之肉的是阳毒，其脉象缓大而数；疮色如鲤鱼齿状的是阴毒，其脉象沉细而迟。阳毒虽然急迫但容易治疗，治法适宜发汗；阴毒虽然缓慢但难治，尤其不可轻视。大凡水毒多见于山高以及山峡溪流源头缭绕之处。为什么呢？因为山高水冷，直到中午才得到阳气，所以阴气常积聚而水有毒，这也就像广南山高地下，气机不疏通，所以郁结成为瘴气。水毒属于多阴，瘴气属于多阳，多阳则热结于中，多阴则指节逆冷。这两种病，大体与伤寒相似。想要辨别水毒，就用热水几斗，蒜四升捣碎，放入热水中，去掉渣滓洗浴，如果身体出现赤色斑块，这就是水毒。此证严重时会导致洞泄（严重腹泻），以及齿间出血，心腹烦满，下血如烂肝状，不进食而发狂，这都是热毒变化而成的。当地人辟除它的方法，大致与防治射工（一种水中毒虫）相似。
治疗中水毒，手足指冷至肘膝以下的茱萸汤方：
吴茱萸（用汤洗过焙干五两）、乌梅（半两）、犀角屑、升麻、陈橘皮（用汤浸泡去白焙干各二两）。
以上五味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，生姜两块枣大小拍破，用水一盏半，煎至八分，去掉渣滓，空腹温服，每天三次，夜间一次。
治疗中水毒，手足指全部发冷的乌梅汤方：
乌梅（三两，去核熬制）。
以上一味药，捣碎，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，煎至七分，去掉渣滓，不拘时间频繁服用。
治疗中水毒，手足指冷至肘膝的水萍散方：
水萍（不限多少）。
以上一味药，晒干，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，米饮调下，早晨、日午、近晚各服用一次。
治疗中水毒寒热的升麻汤方：
升麻（三两）、龙胆、葳蕤、大青（各一两）。
以上四味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，煎至八分，去掉渣滓温服，未痊愈者频繁服用。
治疗中水毒寒热的水蓼酒方：
水蓼（不限多少）。
以上一味药，捣取汁液，每次服用一合，加酒半盏，调匀服用，每天三次。
治疗中水毒的桃叶饮方：
新桃叶（不限多少）。
以上一味药，随时捣取汁液，每次服用一盏，饮用，不拘时间。
治疗中水毒的苍耳汁方：
苍耳（不限多少）。
以上一味药，捣取汁液，用棉沾汁液导入下部（阴道或肛门），每天三次。
治疗中水毒的桃梅饮方：
新桃叶、新梅叶（各半斤）。
以上两味药，洗净捣取汁液，每次服用半盏，饮用，不拘时间。
治疗中水毒溪毒，寒热如伤寒状的五加皮散方：
五加皮（三两，洗切）。
以上一味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用一钱匕，用酒一盏调下，每天两次，夜间一次，用粥饮调服也可以。
治疗中水毒溪毒，如伤寒状的葱白汤方：
葱白（一握切碎）、豉（半升）、葛根（二两）、升麻（三分）。
以上四味药，锉如麻豆大小，每次服用四钱匕，用水二盏，煎至一盏，去掉渣滓温服，过一段时间再服。
治疗中水毒溪毒，下部虫蚀生疮的牡丹皮散方：
牡丹皮（二两）。
以上一味药，捣罗成散剂，每次服用二钱匕，用酒一盏调下，每天三次。
Discourse states: The condition known as "Zhong Shui Du" (Water Poisoning) has three names, namely Zhong Shui (Poisoning from Water), Zhong Xi (Poisoning from Streams), and Zhong Sa (Poisoning from Sprinkles). Its manifestations include aversion to cold, headache, eye pain, mental restlessness and oppression, tremors of the four limbs, stiffness and rigidity of the lower back, back, and bone joints, occasional fever, lethargy and drowsiness, with symptoms being lighter in the morning and worse in the evening. The tips of the fingers and toes become cold. After two or three days, parasites may develop within the body, and sores may appear in the lower region (genitals or anus), which are neither itchy nor painful. Patients rarely feel significant discomfort initially. If not treated promptly, pus will form. The parasite toxin ascends to erode the five Zang organs, while excessive heat and toxic fire descend. Death may occur within eight or nine days. If coldness extends one cun up from the finger/toe tips, it is mild; if it reaches the elbows and knees, it is severe. However, treating water poisoning involves distinguishing between Yin and Yang patterns. Sores that are bright red like cut flesh indicate Yang Toxicity (Yang Du), characterized by a slow, large, and rapid pulse. Sores resembling carp teeth indicate Yin Toxicity (Yin Du), characterized by a deep, thin, and slow pulse. Although Yang toxicity is acute, it is easier to treat, and the method should involve inducing sweating. Although Yin toxicity progresses slowly, it is difficult to treat and must not be neglected. Generally, water poisoning is common in areas with high mountains and winding stream sources in mountain gorges. Why? Because high mountains have cold water, receiving yang qi only at noon, causing yin qi to accumulate and the water to become toxic. This is similar to the southern regions where high mountains and low ground prevent qi circulation, leading to stagnation and miasma formation. Water poisoning is predominantly yin, while miasma is predominantly yang. Excess yang leads to heat accumulation in the center, while excess yin causes reverse coldness in the finger and toe joints. These two diseases are generally similar to Shang Han (Cold Damage Syndrome). To differentiate water poisoning, use several dou of hot water, add four sheng of crushed garlic, remove the dregs, and bathe. If red spots appear on the body, it is water poisoning. Severe cases may result in torrential diarrhea, bleeding from the gums, abdominal fullness and irritability, passage of blood resembling rotten liver, anorexia, and mania, all resulting from the transformation of heat toxins. The local methods for prevention are similar to those for avoiding She Gong (a type of aquatic poisonous insect).
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du with coldness extending from finger/toe tips to below elbows and knees: Zhuyu Tang (Evodia Decoction)
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, washed with decoction, dried, 5 liang), Wumei (Mume Fructus, 0.5 liang), Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu - *Note: Modern substitute often used*), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in decoction, white part removed, dried, each 2 liang).
The above five herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 5 qianbi per dose, with ginger pieces the size of two dates (crushed), 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until 0.8 zhan remains, strain, and take warm on an empty stomach. Administer three times daily and once at night.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du with coldness in all finger/toe tips: Wumei Tang (Mume Decoction)
Wumei (Mume Fructus, 3 liang, pitted and roasted).
The above single herb is crushed. Take 3 qianbi per dose, with 1 zhan of water, decoct until 0.7 zhan remains, strain, and take frequently without time restriction.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du with coldness extending from finger/toe tips to elbows and knees: Shuiping San (Lemna Powder)
Shuiping (Lemna minor, amount unspecified).
The above single herb is sun-dried, crushed, and sieved into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mixed with rice drink. Administer once in the morning, at noon, and in the late afternoon.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du with alternating chills and fever: Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction)
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 3 liang), Longdan (Gentianae Radix), Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Daqing (Isatidis Folium, each 1 liang).
The above four herbs are coarsely crushed and sifted. Take 5 qianbi per dose, with 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until 0.8 zhan remains, strain, and take warm. Repeat frequently if not cured.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du with alternating chills and fever: Shuiliao Jiu (Polygonum Hydropiper Wine)
Shuiliao (Polygoni Hydropiperis Herba, amount unspecified).
The above single herb is crushed to extract juice. Take 1 he per dose, mixed with 0.5 zhan of wine. Administer three times daily.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du: Tao Ye Yin (Peach Leaf Drink)
Xin Tao Ye (Fresh Peach Leaves, amount unspecified).
The above single herb is freshly crushed to extract juice. Take 1 zhan per dose, drink freely without time restriction.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du: Cang Er Zhi Fang (Xanthium Juice Method)
Canger (Xanthii Fructus, amount unspecified).
The above single herb is crushed to extract juice. Apply using cotton soaked in the juice to the lower region (vaginal or anal canal). Administer three times daily.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du: Tao Mei Yin (Peach and Plum Leaf Drink)
Xin Tao Ye (Fresh Peach Leaves), Xin Mei Ye (Fresh Plum Leaves, each 0.5 jin).
The above two herbs are washed and crushed to extract juice. Take 0.5 zhan per dose, drink freely without time restriction.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du and Xi Du (Stream Poisoning) with chills and fever resembling Shang Han: Wujia Pi San (Acanthopanacis Cortex Powder)
Wujia Pi (Acanthopanacis Cortex, 3 liang, washed and sliced).
The above single herb is crushed and sieved into powder. Take 1 qianbi per dose, mixed with 1 zhan of wine. Administer twice daily and once at night. Mixing with congee drink is also acceptable.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du and Xi Du resembling Shang Han: Congbai Tang (Scallion White Decoction)
Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, one handful, sliced), Chi (Perillae Fructus/Sojae Semen Praeparatum, 0.5 sheng), Gegen (Puerariae Radix, 2 liang), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 3 fen).
The above four herbs are cut into sizes resembling hemp seeds. Take 4 qianbi per dose, with 2 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm. Re-administer after some time.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du and Xi Du with parasitic erosion and sores in the lower region: Mudan Pi San (Moutan Powder)
Mudan Pi (Moutan Cortex, 2 liang).
The above single herb is crushed and sieved into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mixed with 1 zhan of wine. Administer three times daily.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du and Xi Du with parasitic erosion and sores in the lower region: Gengteng Wash (Kudzu Vine Wash)
Gengteng (Puerariae Caulis, amount unspecified).
The above single herb is boiled in water to obtain a concentrated decoction. Wash the lower region and irrigate internally. This is effective.
Formula for treating Zhong Shui Du with chills and fever: Lan Gen Tu (Isatis Root Application)
Lan Gen bing ye (Isatidis Radix et Folium, amount unspecified).
The above single herb is washed, crushed, and applied to the head, face, and body. Frequent application is preferred.