论曰气极之病，本于肺，肺主气，以应皮毛，若肺有病，则发于气，故气为之极，所谓
气极者，五脏内虚，邪气多，正气少，不欲言是也，然气有极实热，有极虚寒，皆因肺受邪
气，阴伤则虚寒，虚寒故咳逆短气，昼瘥暮甚，阳伤则实热，实热故气喘胸满不得息，甚则
唾血，治法宜以阳调阴，以阴调阳，治其微为善。
治气极虚寒，咳逆短气，昼瘥暮甚，兼治百病，令人强壮，能食饮，去风冷，钟乳散方
钟乳（研） 干姜（炮） 桔梗（炒） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 细辛（去苗叶） 桂（去
粗皮） 附子（炮裂去皮脐） 人参（各一两一分） 白术 防风（去叉） 牡蛎（ 研如
粉） 栝蒌根（各二两半）
上一十二味，捣研为细散，每服二钱匕，食前温酒调下、日三。
治气极虚寒，皮毛焦，津液不通，虚劳百病，气力损乏，黄 汤方
黄 （锉二两） 人参 白术 桂（去粗皮各一两）
上四味，粗捣筛，每服三钱匕，水一盏，入生姜半枣大拍碎，枣二枚去核，煎至七分，
去滓温服，空腹夜卧各一，一方加附子一枚，炮裂去皮脐。
治气极寒，喘咳短气，胸中迫急，五味子汤方
五味子（炒） 甘草（炙锉） 紫菀（去苗土） 桂（去粗皮） 麻黄（去根节） 干
姜（炮） 芎
上八味，粗捣筛 每服五钱匕，水一盏半，枣二枚去核，同煎至一盏，去滓空腹夜卧，
各一服。
治气极热，肺虚多汗，咳唾上气喘急，麻黄汤方
麻黄（去根节二两） 甘草（生锉） 桂（去粗皮） 芎 （各一两） 杏仁（十五枚
汤去皮尖
上五味，粗捣筛四味，入研杏仁拌匀，每用五钱匕，以水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓分温
二服，空腹夜卧各一。
治气极伤热，气喘唾血，气短不欲食，口燥咽干，麦冬竹叶汤方
麦门冬（去心三两） 小麦（一合） 麻黄（去根节一两半） 甘草（锉一两） 石膏
（碎三分）
上五味，粗捣筛，每用五钱匕，水一盏半，入生姜一枣大拍碎，枣二枚去核，竹叶五片，
生地黄半分锉碎，同煎至一盏，去滓分温二服，空腹夜卧各一。
治气极伤热，喘息冲胸，常欲恚怒，心腹满痛，内外有热，烦呕不安，前胡汤方
前胡（去芦头一两） 半夏（汤洗去滑焙） 麻黄（去根节） 芍药（各半两） 枳实
（去瓤麸
上六味，粗捣筛，每服五钱匕，水一盏半，入生姜一枣大拍碎，枣二枚去核，煎至八分，
去滓温服，日三，不计时候。
治肺脏气极，风热所伤，津液不通，甘露丸方
甘草（炙锉） 地黄金粉 大黄（蒸锉焙） 天门冬（去心焙各一两） 防风（去叉） 远
志（
参羚羊角
上一十三味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，食后姜蜜汤下。
治气极虚寒，皮毛枯燥，津液不通，黄 汤方
黄 （锉炒） 人参 白术（炒） 桂（去粗皮） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 附子（炮裂去
皮脐） 麻黄（去节） 柴胡（去苗） 半夏（汤洗去滑焙） 甘草（炙锉） 桔梗（锉炒
各一两）
上一十一味，锉如麻豆，每服五钱匕，以水一盏半，入生姜五片，煎取八分，去滓温服
治气极虚寒皮痹，天麻丸方
天麻（酒炙锉焙） 干姜（炮） 桂（去粗皮） 桔梗（切焙） 附子（炮裂去皮脐各
一两） 木
辛（去苗叶各半
上一十一味，捣罗为末，炼蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每服二十丸，薄荷茶下。
论述说：气极这一病症，根源在于肺。肺主司气，与皮毛相应。如果肺发生病变，就会表现为气的异常，因此气会发展到极点。所谓气极，是指五脏内部虚弱，邪气盛而正气少，表现为不想说话。然而，气极有极实热和极虚寒两种情况，这都是因为肺受到邪气侵袭所致。阴液受损则导致虚寒，出现咳嗽气逆、呼吸短促，白天症状减轻，傍晚加重；阳气受损则导致实热，出现气喘、胸部胀满、呼吸困难，严重时甚至咳血。治疗方法应当以阳调阴，以阴调阳，在病情轻微时治疗最为适宜。
治疗气极虚寒，咳嗽气逆，呼吸短促，白天减轻傍晚加重，兼治各种疾病，使人身体强壮，能进食饮水，祛除风冷，钟乳散方：
钟乳（研碎） 干姜（炮制） 桔梗（炒） 白茯苓（去掉黑皮） 细辛（去掉苗叶） 桂枝（去掉粗皮） 附子（炮裂后去掉皮和脐） 人参（以上各一两一分） 白术 防风（去掉叉枝） 牡蛎（研成粉末） 天花粉（以上各二两半）
以上十二味药，捣碎研成细散，每次服用二钱匕，饭前用温酒调服，每日三次。
治疗气极虚寒，皮肤毛发干枯焦躁，津液不通，虚劳百病，气力亏损缺乏，黄芪汤方：
黄芪（锉碎二两） 人参 白术 桂枝（去掉粗皮，以上各一两）
以上四味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用三钱匕，用水一盏，加入生姜半个枣大小拍碎，大枣两枚去核，煎至七分，去掉药渣，温服，空腹及睡前各服一次。另一方案加附子一枚，炮裂后去掉皮和脐。
治疗气极寒证，喘息咳嗽，呼吸短促，胸中紧迫急迫，五味子汤方：
五味子（炒） 甘草（炙后锉碎） 紫菀（去掉苗土） 桂枝（去掉粗皮） 麻黄（去掉根节） 干姜（炮制） 川芎
以上八味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，大枣两枚去核，同煎至一盏，去掉药渣，空腹及睡前各服一次。
治疗气极热证，肺虚多汗，咳嗽吐痰，上气喘急，麻黄汤方：
麻黄（去掉根节二两） 甘草（生用锉碎） 桂枝（去掉粗皮） 川芎（以上各一两） 杏仁（十五枚，热水去皮尖）
以上五味药，将其中四味粗捣筛过，加入研碎的杏仁拌匀，每次取五钱匕，用水一盏半，煎至一盏，去掉药渣，分两次温服，空腹及睡前各服一次。
治疗气极伤热，气喘咳血，气短不想吃东西，口燥咽干，麦冬竹叶汤方：
麦门冬（去掉心三两） 小麦（一合） 麻黄（去掉根节一两半） 甘草（锉碎一两） 石膏（打碎三分）
以上五味药，粗捣筛过，每次取五钱匕，用水一盏半，加入生姜一个枣大小拍碎，大枣两枚去核，竹叶五片，生地黄半分锉碎，同煎至一盏，去掉药渣，分两次温服，空腹及睡前各服一次。
治疗气极伤热，喘息冲胸，经常想要发怒，心腹满痛，内外有热，烦躁呕吐不安，前胡汤方：
前胡（去掉芦头一两） 半夏（热水洗去滑腻焙干） 麻黄（去掉根节） 芍药（以上各半两） 枳实（去掉瓤麸）
以上六味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，加入生姜一个枣大小拍碎，大枣两枚去核，煎至八分，去掉药渣，温服，每日三次，不限时候。
治疗肺脏气极，被风热所伤，津液不通，甘露丸方：
甘草（炙后锉碎） 地黄 大黄（蒸后锉碎焙干） 天门冬（去掉心焙干，以上各一两） 防风（去掉叉枝） 远志 人参 羚羊角
以上十三味药，捣碎罗筛成末，炼蜜调和做成丸药，如梧桐子大，每次服用二十丸，饭后用姜蜜汤送下。
治疗气极虚寒，皮肤毛发枯燥，津液不通，黄芪汤方：
黄芪（锉碎炒） 人参 白术（炒） 桂枝（去掉粗皮） 赤茯苓（去掉黑皮） 附子（炮裂去掉皮和脐） 麻黄（去掉节） 柴胡（去掉苗） 半夏（热水洗去滑腻焙干） 甘草（炙后锉碎） 桔梗（锉碎炒，以上各一两）
以上十一味药，锉得像麻豆大小，每次服用五钱匕，用水一盏半，加入生姜五片，煎取八分，去掉药渣，温服。
治疗气极虚寒皮痹，天麻丸方：
天麻（酒炙锉碎焙干） 干姜（炮制） 桂枝（去掉粗皮） 桔梗（切后焙干） 附子（炮裂去掉皮和脐，以上各一两） 木香 细辛（去掉苗叶，以上各半两）
以上十一味药，捣碎罗筛成末，炼蜜调和做成丸药，如梧桐子大，每次服用二十丸，用薄荷茶送下。
Discourse states: The disease of Qi Extreme (Qi Ji) originates in the Lung. The Lung governs Qi and corresponds to the skin and hair. If the Lung is diseased, it manifests as an abnormality of Qi, thus causing Qi to reach its extreme. What is referred to as Qi Extreme is characterized by internal deficiency of the five Zang organs, abundant pathogenic factors, and deficient righteous Qi, presenting as a reluctance to speak. However, Qi Extreme can be either extreme excess-heat or extreme deficiency-cold. Both result from the Lung being invaded by pathogenic factors. Damage to Yin fluids leads to deficiency-cold, manifesting as cough with counterflow Qi, shortness of breath, symptoms that improve during the day and worsen at night; damage to Yang Qi leads to excess-heat, manifesting as panting, chest fullness, and dyspnea, and in severe cases, hemoptysis. The treatment method should employ Yang to regulate Yin and Yin to regulate Yang; treating when the condition is mild is optimal.
For treating Qi Extreme deficiency-cold, cough with counterflow Qi, shortness of breath, symptoms improving during the day and worsening at night, and for managing various diseases to strengthen the body, promote appetite and drinking, and dispel wind-cold, Zhongru San (Stalactite Powder) formula:
Zhongru (Stalactite, pulverized), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, processed), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, stir-fried), Baifuling (Poria, black skin removed), Xixin (Asarum, seedlings and leaves removed), Gui (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, processed, cracked, skin and umbilicus removed), Renshen (Ginseng Root) [each 1 liang 1 fen], Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, forked parts removed), Muli (Oyster Shell, ground into powder), Gualougen (Trichosanthes Root) [each 2 liang 5 qian].
The above twelve ingredients are pounded and ground into a fine powder. Each dose consists of 2 qian bi (approx. 6g), taken before meals mixed with warm wine, three times daily.
For treating Qi Extreme deficiency-cold, scorched skin and hair, blocked fluid metabolism, consumptive disorders with various ailments, loss of strength and vitality, Huangqi Tang (Astragalus Decoction):
Huangqi (Astragalus Root, cut into pieces, 2 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Gui (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed) [each 1 liang].
The above four ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of 3 qian bi (approx. 9g), decocted with one zhan (approx. 200ml) of water, half a date-sized piece of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, smashed), and two Zao (Jujube Dates, pitted). Decoct until reduced to 70%, strain, and take warm. Take on an empty stomach and before sleep. An alternative prescription adds one Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root), processed, cracked, skin and umbilicus removed.
For treating Qi Extreme cold syndrome, panting, cough, shortness of breath, and chest tightness/worry, Wuweizi Tang (Schisandra Decoction):
Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit, stir-fried), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried and cut), Ziwan (Aster Root, seedlings and soil removed), Gui (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed), Mahuang (Ephedra Stem, roots and nodes removed), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, processed), Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome).
The above eight ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of 5 qian bi (approx. 15g), decocted with 1.5 zhan (approx. 300ml) of water and two Zao (Jujube Dates, pitted). Decoct until reduced to one zhan, strain, and take on an empty stomach and before sleep.
For treating Qi Extreme heat syndrome, Lung deficiency with excessive sweating, cough with expectoration, upper body panting and urgency, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction):
Mahuang (Ephedra Stem, roots and nodes removed, 2 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, raw and cut), Gui (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed), Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome) [each 1 liang], Xingren (Apricot Seed, fifteen seeds, blanched and skin/point removed).
The above five ingredients: coarsely crush and sift four ingredients, mix evenly with ground Xingren (Apricot Seed). Use 5 qian bi (approx. 15g) per dose, decoct with 1.5 zhan (approx. 300ml) of water until reduced to one zhan, strain, and divide into two warm doses. Take on an empty stomach and before sleep.
For treating Qi Extreme injuring heat, panting, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, anorexia, dry mouth and throat, Maidong Zhuye Tang (Ophiopogon and Bamboo Leaf Decoction):
Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber, heart removed, 3 liang), Xiaomai (Common Wheat, one he), Mahuang (Ephedra Stem, roots and nodes removed, 1.5 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, cut, 1 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed, 3 fen).
The above five ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Use 5 qian bi (approx. 15g) per dose, decoct with 1.5 zhan (approx. 300ml) of water, add one date-sized piece of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, smashed), two Zao (Jujube Dates, pitted), five Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaves), and Banfen (approx. 1.5g) of Shengdihuang (Rehmannia Root, cut and crushed). Decoct until reduced to one zhan, strain, and divide into two warm doses. Take on an empty stomach and before sleep.
For treating Qi Extreme injuring heat, panting rushing to the chest, frequent irritability, abdominal fullness and pain, internal and external heat, restlessness, vomiting, and insecurity, Qianhu Tang (Peucedanum Decoction):
Qianhu (Peucedanum Root, rhizome removed, 1 liang), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, washed in hot water to remove slipperiness and baked), Mahuang (Ephedra Stem, roots and nodes removed), Shaoyao (Peony Root) [each banliang approx. 0.5 liang], Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, pulp and bran removed).
The above six ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. Each dose consists of 5 qian bi (approx. 15g), decocted with 1.5 zhan (approx. 300ml) of water, one date-sized piece of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, smashed), and two Zao (Jujube Dates, pitted). Decoct until reduced to 80%, strain, and take warm. Three times daily, regardless of meal times.
For treating Lung organ Qi Extreme, injured by wind-heat, with blocked fluid metabolism, Ganlu Wan (Sweet Dew Pill) formula:
Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried and cut), Dihuang (Rehmannia Root, powdered), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome, steamed, cut, and baked), Tiandongmen (Asparagus Tuber, heart removed and baked) [each 1 liang], Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root, forked parts removed), Yuanzhi (Polygala Root), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Lingyangjiao (Antelope Horn).
The above thirteen ingredients are pounded, sieved into powder, and mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Each dose consists of 20 pills, taken after meals with ginger-honey water.
For treating Qi Extreme deficiency-cold, dry and rough skin and hair, blocked fluid metabolism, Huangqi Tang (Astragalus Decoction):
Huangqi (Astragalus Root, cut and stir-fried), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome, stir-fried), Gui (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed), Chifuling (Red Poria, black skin removed), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, processed, cracked, skin and umbilicus removed), Mahuang (Ephedra Stem, nodes removed), Chaihu (Bupleurum Root, seedlings removed), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, washed in hot water to remove slipperiness and baked), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried and cut), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, cut and stir-fried) [each 1 liang].
The above eleven ingredients are cut like hemp seeds. Each dose consists of 5 qian bi (approx. 15g), decocted with 1.5 zhan (approx. 300ml) of water and five slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger). Decoct until reduced to 80%, strain, and take warm.
For treating Qi Extreme deficiency-cold with Pi Bi (Skin Obstruction), Tianma Wan (Gastrodia Pill) formula:
Tianma (Gastrodia Rhizome, wine-processed, cut and baked), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, processed), Gui (Cinnamon Twig, coarse bark removed), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, sliced and baked), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, processed, cracked, skin and umbilicus removed) [each 1 liang], Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Xixin (Asarum, seedlings and leaves removed) [each banliang approx. 0.5 liang].
The above eleven ingredients are pounded, sieved into powder, and mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Each dose consists of 20 pills, taken with mint tea.