味苦，微寒，微温，无毒。主五脏瘀血，腹中水气，胪胀留热，风寒湿痹，身体诸
疗心下坚，膈中寒热，周痹，妇人月水不通，消食，明目。《药性论》云∶味辛苦。益
主男子阴痿不起，治心腹胀满，能消瘀血。日华子云∶治腰脚重痛，膀胱疼，明目及骨
痛，不下食。荆实、薏苡为使。《千金翼》∶韦宙独行方∶主 折瘀血，单用煮服之。
云∶今人亦打扑损多用此法，饮散皆通，其功最速。处处有之。
味辛甘，温、平、微寒，无毒。主五脏邪气，女子阴中寒热痛，症瘕，血闭，绝子。
咳逆，治脱肛，散淋结，头中风眩，痿蹶，强阴益精。《药性论》云∶君。能治月经不
尸疰鬼疰，腹痛，去百邪鬼魅。日华子云∶镇心，治邪啼泣，除面 ，头风，暖水脏。生
破血，炙用止血。
味苦，寒，大寒，无毒。主骨间寒热，惊痫邪气，续断伤，定五脏，杀蛊毒，除胃
热，时气温热，热泄下痢，去肠中小虫，益肝胆气，止惊惕。日华子云∶小豆为使。治
疳气，热病狂语，疮疥，明目，止烦。生∶齐朐山谷及冤句。状似牛膝，味甚苦，故
名。君。贯众为之使。恶∶防葵、地黄。
味苦，寒、微寒，无毒。主热气目痛， 伤泪出，明目，肠 腹痛下痢，妇人阴中肿
五脏冷热。久下泄 脓血，止烦渴，大惊，除水利骨，调胃浓肠，益胆，疗口疮。《药
云∶杀小儿疳虫，点赤眼 痛，镇肝，去热毒。恶∶菊花、芫花、玄参、白藓、僵蚕
款冬、冷水。胜乌头。解∶巴豆毒。忌∶猪血。
【黄连】
味道苦，性微寒，（注：原文此处“微温”疑为衍文或传抄错误，黄连主寒，但依原文翻译）微温，无毒。主治五脏瘀血，腹中水气，腹部胀满且热邪留滞，风寒湿痹，身体各种病症；治疗心下坚硬，膈间寒热，周身痹痛，妇女月经不通，消食，明目。《药性论》说：味道辛苦。主治男子阳痿不起，治疗心腹胀满，能消除瘀血。日华子说：治疗腰脚沉重疼痛，膀胱疼痛，明目及骨痛，食欲不振。以荆实、薏苡作为使药。《千金翼方》记载韦宙的独行方：主治跌打损伤导致的瘀血，单用煎煮服用。说：现在人们也多用此法治疗跌打损伤，无论是内服散剂还是汤剂都通畅有效，其功效最快。各地都有生长。
【黄芩】
味道辛甘，性温、平、微寒，无毒。主治五脏邪气，女子阴道内寒热疼痛，症瘕（腹内结块），经血闭止，不孕。咳嗽气逆，治疗脱肛，消散淋证结聚，头部中风眩晕，肢体痿弱厥冷，坚固阴精。《药性论》说：为君药。能治疗月经不调，尸疰鬼疰（指慢性消耗性疾病或传染病），腹痛，去除百种邪祟鬼魅。日华子说：镇心安神，治疗惊恐啼哭，去除面部黑斑，头风，温暖水脏（肾）。生用破血，炙用止血。
【黄柏】
味道苦，性寒、大寒，无毒。主治骨间寒热，惊痫邪气，接续断伤，安定五脏，杀灭蛊毒，清除胃热，时行温热病，热性泄泻痢疾，去除肠道小虫，补益肝胆之气，制止惊惕。日华子说：以小豆为使药。治疗疳气，热病狂言乱语，疮疥，明目，止烦。产地：生于齐朐山谷及冤句。形状像牛膝，味道非常苦，因此得名。为君药。以贯众为使药。畏忌：防葵、地黄。
【大黄】
味道苦，性寒、微寒，无毒。主治热气引起的目痛，外伤流泪，明目，肠中腹痛下痢，妇人阴道肿胀，调理五脏冷热。长期泄泻脓血，止烦渴，大惊，利水除骨间湿热，调和胃肠，补益胆，治疗口疮。《药性论》说：杀灭小儿疳虫，点涂赤眼肿痛，镇肝，去除热毒。畏忌：菊花、芫花、玄参、白鲜皮、僵蚕、款冬花、冷水。胜过乌头。解毒：解巴豆毒。禁忌：猪血。
[Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma)]
Bitter in taste, slightly cold, (Note: "Slightly warm" in the original text is likely a scribal error as Huanglian is primarily cold) slightly warm, non-toxic. It governs blood stasis in the five zang organs, water qi in the abdomen, abdominal distension with lingering heat, bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, and various ailments of the body; it treats hardness below the heart, cold and heat in the diaphragm, generalized bi pain, amenorrhea in women, aids digestion, and brightens the eyes. *Xiaoxing Lun* states: Bitter and pungent in taste. It treats impotence in men, abdominal fullness and distension, and can resolve blood stasis. Ri Huazi states: It treats heaviness and pain in the waist and legs, bladder pain, brightens the eyes, treats bone pain, and poor appetite. Jing Shi (Vitex fruit) and Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen) serve as guiding herbs. *Qianjin Yi Fang* records Wei Zhou's solitary prescription: It treats blood stasis from fractures and bruises, taken alone as a decoction. It states: Nowadays, people also frequently use this method for treating contusions and injuries; whether taken as a powder or decoction, it promotes circulation effectively, and its efficacy is the fastest. It grows everywhere.
[Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)]
Pungent and sweet in taste, warm, neutral, slightly cold, non-toxic. It governs pathogenic qi in the five zang organs, cold and heat pain in the vagina of women, zheng jia (abdominal masses), blood obstruction, and infertility. It treats cough and counterflow qi, proctoptosis, dissipates lin syndrome accumulations, wind-stroke dizziness of the head, flaccidity and cold extremities, strengthens the yin and benefits essence. *Xiaoxing Lun* states: It serves as the sovereign herb. It can treat irregular menstruation, shi zhu and gui zhu (chronic infectious diseases), abdominal pain, and expels various evil spirits and malevolent influences. Ri Huazi states: It calms the heart and spirit, treats fright-induced crying, removes facial pigmentation, treats headache due to wind, and warms the water organ (kidney). Raw usage breaks blood, while honey-fried usage stops bleeding.
[Huangbo (Phellodendri Cortex)]
Bitter in taste, cold, very cold, non-toxic. It governs cold and heat between the bones, fright and epilepsy due to evil qi, heals broken bones and injuries, stabilizes the five zang organs, kills gu poison, clears stomach heat, treats epidemic warm febrile diseases, hot dysentery, removes small intestinal parasites, benefits liver and gallbladder qi, and stops frightfulness. Ri Huazi states: Red Bean (Adzuki bean) serves as the guiding herb. It treats gan qi (pediatric malnutrition syndrome), delirious speech during high fever, sores and scabies, brightens the eyes, and relieves vexation. Habitat: Grows in Qiqu Valley and Yuanju. It resembles Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) in shape and has a very bitter taste, hence its name. It serves as the sovereign herb. Guanzhong (Cyrtomii Rhizoma) serves as the guiding herb. Antagonistic to: Fangkui (Adenophorae Radix) and Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix).
[Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma)]
Bitter in taste, cold, slightly cold, non-toxic. It governs eye pain due to heat qi, tearing from trauma, brightens the eyes, abdominal pain and dysentery due to intestinal issues, vaginal swelling in women, and regulates cold and heat in the five zang organs. It treats chronic diarrhea with pus and blood, relieves vexation and thirst, severe fright, promotes urination and removes damp-heat from bones, harmonizes the stomach and intestines, benefits the gallbladder, and treats mouth ulcers. *Xiaoxing Lun* states: It kills pediatric gan parasites, applies to red and painful eyes, calms the liver, and removes heat toxins. Antagonistic to: Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Baixianpi (Dictamni Cortex), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Kuantong (Tussilaginis Flos), and Cold Water. It surpasses Wutou (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata). Detoxification: Resolves Bidou (Crotonis Fructus) toxicity. Contraindicated with: Pig blood.