桂枝汤方
桂枝三两（去皮，） 芍药三两 甘草二两（炙） 生姜三两（切） 大枣十二枚（ 掰）
（桂枝汤为协和营卫第一方，协和之意，使营散卫敛，气降血升也。桂枝升散其营 也，芍药降敛其卫也。生姜助桂枝散其寒也，大枣助芍药敛其阴也。炙甘草，调和 诸药燮理阴阳也。）
上五味，呋咀。以水七升，微火煮取三升，去滓，适寒温，服一升。服已须臾，啜 热稀粥一升余，以助药力，温覆令一时许，遍身漐漐微似有汗者益佳，不可令如水 流漓，病必不除。若一服汗出病差，停后服，不必尽剂；若不汗，更服，依前法； 又不汗，后服小促其间，半日许令三服尽；若病重者，一日一夜服，周时观之。服 一剂尽，病证犹在者，更作服；若汗不出者，乃服至二三剂。禁生冷、粘滑、肉面 、五辛、酒酪、臭恶等物。
（啜粥以助药力，阴阳两补也。不可令如水流漓，病必不除者，气阴两伤，邪必乘 虚而入也。）
（有是证则用是方，示人以法也。解如上。）
14、太阳病，项背强几几者，反汗出恶风者，桂枝加葛根汤主之。
（太阳而兼阳明经证也，葛根阳明经之药也）
15、太阳病，下之后，其气上冲者，可与桂枝汤。方用前法。若不上冲者，不可与 之。
（太阳病在表而反下之，伤其中气，浊阴上逆，与奔豚相类，桂枝汤内有降浊之功 也。）
16、太阳病三日，已发汗，若吐，若下，若温针，仍不解者，此为坏病，桂枝不中 与之也。观其脉证，知犯何逆，随证治之。桂枝本为解肌，若其人脉浮紧，发热汗 不出者，不可与之也。常须识此，勿令误也。
（太阳病误治不可但与桂枝汤解之也，当随证变通，不可拘泥。桂枝本为散营敛卫 ，使肌表协和，脉浮紧而发热汗不出，营温不足以胜客寒也，宜麻黄汤散之。有汗 无汗，断其寒温胜败之关键也，不可有误。）
（有是证则用是药，亦不可一概而论。）
19、凡服桂枝汤吐者，其后必吐脓血也。
（或是麻黄证而误用桂枝，不能开其腠理，而反助其内热，灼伤肺脏所致。）
20、太阳病，发汗，遂漏不止，其人恶风，小便难，四支微急，难以屈伸者，桂枝 加附子汤主之。
（漏汗不止，毛窍洞开，故恶风。小便难，四支微急，难以屈伸者，寒气拘之，阴 气不化也，故加附子散其内寒。）
21、太阳病，下之后，脉促胸满者，桂枝去芍药汤主之。若微恶寒者，去芍药方中 ，加附子汤主之。
（太阳病反下之，伤其阳而阴气上逆，故桂枝汤去芍药以降之也。恶寒者寒气偏盛 ，故加附子温之也。）
22、太阳病，得之八九日，如疟状，发热恶寒，热多寒少，其人不呕，清便欲自可 ，一日二三度发，脉微缓者，为欲愈也。脉微而恶寒者，此阴阳俱虚，不可更发汗 、更下、更吐也。面色反有热色者，未欲解也，以其不能得小汗出，身必痒，宜桂 枝麻黄各半汤。
(太阳病八九日寒热往来如疟，有自愈者，有不自愈者。脉微而恶寒者，此阴阳 俱虚，暂不可更发汗、更下、更吐也。面色反有热色者，未欲解也，以其不能得小 汗出，身必痒，宜桂枝麻黄各半汤微发其汗乃解。）
23、太阳病，初服桂枝汤，反烦不解者，先刺风池、风府，却与桂枝汤则愈。
（邪气凝聚头项，桂枝之力不足以胜之，不能外发反内郁，故烦。刺二穴俾邪不能 聚，再与之则散矣。）
24、服桂枝汤，大汗出，脉洪大者，与桂枝汤如前法；若形如疟，日再发者，汗出 必解，宜桂枝二麻黄一汤。
（服桂枝汤，大汗出，脉洪大者，是伤阴也，似当于桂枝汤内倍芍药。如疟者随经 气内行也，桂二麻一由营达卫，故汗出必解。）
25、服桂枝汤，大汗出后，大烦，渴不解，脉洪大者，白虎加人参汤主之。
（服桂枝汤，大汗出后，大烦，渴不解，脉洪大者，原本阴虚，今大汗复伤其阴， 阳热郁蒸。与人参白虎滋阴清热，救火之道也。）
26、太阳病，发热恶寒，热多寒少，脉微弱者，此无阳也，不可更汗，宜桂枝二越 婢一汤方。
（此无阳也，不可更汗，此二句来历不明，疑为错简。焉有云不可汗，反用汗剂之 理？）
桂枝二越婢一汤方
桂枝（去皮） 芍药甘草各十八铢 生姜一两三钱（切） 大枣四枚（劈） 麻黄十 八铢（去节） 石膏二十四铢（碎，绵裹）上七味，口父咀。以五升水，煮麻黄一 二沸，去上沫，内诸药，煮取二升，去滓，温服一升。本方当裁为越婢汤、桂枝汤 ，合饮一升，今合为一方，桂枝二越婢一。
27、服桂枝汤，或下之，仍头项强痛，翕翕发热，无汗，心下满，微痛，小便不利 者，桂枝汤去桂，加茯苓白术汤主之。
（表证未解反下之，使邪气内陷，心下满，微痛，小便不利者，里证也。桂枝去桂 加白术茯苓者，欲从小便解之也。然表证仍在，似不去桂枝为宜。）
28、伤寒脉浮，自汗出，小便数，心烦，微恶寒，脚挛急，反与桂枝汤，欲攻其表 ，此误也。得之便厥，咽中干，烦燥，吐逆者，作甘草于姜汤与之，以复其阳。若 厥愈、足温者，更作芍药甘草汤与之，其脚即伸。若胃气不和，谵语者，少与调胃 承气汤。若重发汗，复加烧针者，四逆汤主之。
（此内证已作，仍发其表，遂令所伤之阴阳更受其伤，此数方者，因其逆之不同而 救之也。）
甘草干姜汤方
甘草四两（炙，味甘平） 干姜二两（炮，味辛热）上父咀。以水三升，煮取一升 五合，去滓，分温再服。
(小便数，心烦，微恶寒，脚挛急者，下焦原有寒也。得桂枝汤便厥，咽中干，烦 燥，吐逆者，发汗复伤其阳，扰动元阳外越也。与甘草干姜汤收摄其阳，镇摄其阴 也。）
芍药甘草汤方
白芍药四两（味酸，微寒） 甘草四两（炙，甘平）上二味口父咀，以水三升，煮 取一升半，去滓，分温再服之。
调胃承气汤方
大黄四两（去皮，清酒浸） 甘草二两（炙，味甘平） 芒硝半斤（味咸苦，大寒） 上三味口父咀，以水三升，煮取一升，去滓，内芒硝更上火微煮，令沸，少少温服 。
（胃气不和，谵语者，是原本阳明多燥，今发汗伤阴，令燥者愈燥，故以调胃承气 泻燥济阴也。）
四逆汤方
甘草二两（炙，味甘平） 干姜一两半（味辛热） 附子一枚（生用，去皮，破八片 ，辛，大热）上三味口父咀，以水三升，煮取一升二合，去滓，分温再服，强人可 大附子一枚，干姜三两。
（内原有寒，重发汗，复加烧针者，令阳气大伤，故以四逆汤扶阳散寒也。）
29、问曰：证象阳旦，按法治之而增剧，厥逆，咽中干，两胫拘急而谵语。师曰： 言夜半手足当温，两脚当伸，后如师言。何以知此？答曰：寸口脉浮而大，浮则为 风，大则为虚，风则生微热，虚则两胫挛。病证象桂枝，因加附子参其间，增桂令 汗出，附子温经，亡阳故也。厥逆咽中干，烦燥，阳明内结，谵语，烦乱，更饮甘 草干姜汤。夜半阳气还，两足当热，胫尚微拘急，重与芍药甘草汤，尔乃胫伸，以 承气汤微溏，则止其谵语，故知病可愈。
（先以甘草干姜救其阳，再以芍药甘草救其阴，复以调胃承气济其燥。此中机关深 不可测。）
辨太阳病脉证并治中
葛根汤方
葛根四两 麻黄三两（去节） 桂二两（去皮）芍药二两（切） 甘草二两（炙） 生姜三两（切）大枣十二枚（掰）上七味口父咀，以水一斗，先煮麻黄葛根，减二 升，去沫，内诸药，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升，复取微似汗，不须啜粥，余如桂 枝法将息及禁忌。
(葛根由阳明达于太阳之药也，太阳病项背几几而无汗恶风，是表寒扩散即将深入 之征，故以桂枝汤内加葛根阻其入路，外加麻黄开其出途也。）
（此太阳与阳明经合病，寒气缘经络入于阳明之腑，寒气得以深入，以其胃中必有 素寒故也，寒气内陷于大肠故下利。表证仍在者主以葛根汤，欲使深入之邪从来路 复出也。)
葛根加半夏汤方
葛根四两 麻黄三两（去节，汤泡去黄汁，焙干称） 生姜三两（切） 甘草二两（ 炙） 芍药二两 桂枝二两（去皮） 大枣十二枚（掰）半夏半斤（洗）上八味，以 水一斗，先煮葛根、麻黄，减二升，去白沫，内诸药，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升 ，复取微似汗。
（寒气缘太阳阳明入于阳明之腑，胃中原有积热，寒热相隔，寒气不能下趋故不下 利，反逆于咽喉，发为呕。葛根汤使邪气由来路复出，半夏降其上逆之寒也。）
33、太阳病，桂枝证，医反下之，利遂不止，脉促者，表未解也。喘而汗出者，葛 根黄连黄芩汤主之。
葛根黄芩黄连汤方
葛根半斤 甘草二两（炙，味甘平） 黄芩二两 黄连三两 上四味，以水八升， 先煮葛根，减二升，内诸药，煮取二升，去滓，分温再服。
（太阳证而下之，使邪气深陷胃肠，故下利不止，反伤其阴，脉促而喘汗出，伤阴 之象也，葛根散其外邪，甘草、黄连、黄芩，滋阴清其内热也。）
34、太阳病，头痛发热，身疼，腰痛，骨节疼痛，恶风，无汗而喘者，麻黄汤主之 。
麻黄汤方
麻黄三两（去节，） 桂技二两（去皮，） 甘草一两（炙，） 杏仁七十个（汤去 皮尖，）上四味，以水九升，先煮麻黄，减二升，去上沫，内诸药，煮取二升半， 去滓，温服八合，复取微似汗，不须啜粥，余如桂枝法将息。
（头痛，身疼，腰痛，骨节疼痛，寒凝格热之象也。发热恶风，无汗而喘，寒闭气 机升降也。故与麻黄汤开其闭降其逆也。）
（太阳与阳明合病喘而胸满，本宜葛根汤，今与麻黄汤者，欲其从太阴达于太阳也 。）
36、太阳病，十日以去，脉浮细而嗜卧者，外已解也。设胸满胁痛者，与小柴胡汤 。脉但浮者，与麻黄汤。
中医漫谈（录音整理）
漫谈之一：温病派·什么是气·咳嗽
根据民间中医网中医讲堂录音整理
讲述：三七生
时间：2006年2月14日
整理：观自在
网友：现在到医院看病，发现好多都好象是这个温病派的，温病派的治疗到底能起 到多少作用呢？检验温病派有没有什么标准？
三七先生：关于温病派的问题啊，现在实际上已经很成问题了。中医之所以落后到 现在这个地步，与温病学派盛行关系很大。为什么治病效果这么差？与西医殊途同 归，西医消炎，中药就清热。无论什么病都这么做。
网友：打倒……
三七先生：也不能就是说打倒，咱们现在就是说拨乱反正吧，把问题说清楚。其实 ，祝味菊在《伤寒质难》里面早就把很多问题说清楚了。但是为什么没有造成巨大 影响呢？因为坚持错误的人太多，他们靠这个吃饭，不是靠治病吃饭，不是真正把 病人治好吃饭。靠料病吃饭，知道这个病下一步发展到哪里，最后什么时候死，实 际上这是一步一步错误治疗造成的，所以这个问题很大。中医如果没有这个理论之 前，效果不会这样。这个东西最后横行了，十个里头有九个，一百个里头有九十九 个是学这个的，你那一个人的声音就很小了。而且他们顽固不化，不想改。有几个 能象裘沛然老先生最后这样反思反省的呢？有几个能象陈苏生先生最后改弦易辙改 邪归正，把以前的东西全放弃的呢？他们都是对温病学说掌握到什么程度？都是了 如指掌，背得滚瓜乱熟，但是用上去就是不见效，就是死人。他们还有良心，所以 他们研究为什么总会这样，裘沛然老先生不是说：甚至对中医都失去信心了吗？不 信中医了，这是什么原因？什么能让人对自己所学的东西产生这么大的动摇？所以 说，如果这个根本的东西抓不住，不明白，真是无知造孽。黄坤载在医书里边对这 些人为什么要这么骂？都是有原因的。
桂枝汤方
桂枝三两（去皮），芍药三两，甘草二两（炙），生姜三两（切），大枣十二枚（掰开）。
（桂枝汤是调和营卫的第一方。所谓“调和”，是指使营气发散、卫气收敛，从而令气机下降、血行上升。桂枝具有升散作用以疏散营分之邪；芍药具有降敛作用以收敛卫分之邪。生姜辅助桂枝发散寒邪；大枣辅助芍药收敛阴液。炙甘草用于调和诸药，燮理阴阳。）
以上五味药，捣碎成粗末。用七升水，以小火煎煮至三升，滤去药渣，待药液温度适宜时，服用一升。服药后片刻，喝热稀粥一升多，以助药力，并覆盖衣被约一小时，全身微微持续出汗者效果最佳，不可让汗出如水流漓，否则病必不能去除。如果服一次药后汗出病愈，停服后面的药，不必服完全部药汁；如果没有出汗，再按前法服药；如果仍不出汗，缩短后续服药间隔，半天左右将三次药服完；如果病情较重，可昼夜连续服药，观察二十四小时。服完一剂药后，病症仍在的，重新煎服；如果仍不出汗，则服用至二三剂。禁忌食用生冷、黏滑、肉类、面食、五辛、酒酪、腐臭恶秽等食物。
（喝热粥是为了补充阴阳两方面的能量以助药力。不可让汗出如水流漓，否则会导致气阴两伤，邪气必然乘虚而入。）
13、太阳病（太阳经受邪所致的病证），出现头痛、发热、汗出、恶风（怕风）症状的，用桂枝汤主治。
（有这些症状就用这个方子，这是向人展示诊疗法则。解释同上。）
14、太阳病，出现项背部强直不舒（几几：形容拘紧不舒之貌），反而伴有汗出、恶风的，用桂枝加葛根汤主治。
15、太阳病，经过泻下治疗后，感觉气机上冲的，可以给予桂枝汤。方剂用法同前法。如果气不上冲的，不可给予桂枝汤。
（太阳病在表，反而使用泻下法，损伤了中焦之气，导致浊阴上逆，这与奔豚病相似。桂枝汤内有降浊的功效。）
16、太阳病三天，已经发汗，或者用了吐法、下法、温针等治疗，仍然不解的，这叫坏病（因误治而变坏的病证），此时桂枝汤不再适用。应当观察其脉象和证候，了解犯了什么错误，根据具体证候进行治疗。桂枝汤本是解肌发表之剂，如果病人脉浮紧、发热且无汗的，不可给予桂枝汤。必须牢记这一点，不要弄错。
（太阳病误治后，不能只用桂枝汤来解表，应当随证变通，不可拘泥。桂枝汤本是疏散营分、收敛卫分，使肌表调和。若脉浮紧、发热无汗，说明营分温热不足以战胜客寒，宜用麻黄汤发散。有汗无汗，是判断寒热胜败的关键，不可有误。）
17、如果是嗜酒之人患病，不可给予桂枝汤，因为喝了桂枝汤会呕吐，这是因为嗜酒之人不喜欢甘味药物。
（有这种证候就用这种药，但也不可一概而论。）
18、平素患有喘病的人，服用桂枝汤时，加入厚朴和杏仁效果更好。
（这可能是麻黄汤证却误用了桂枝汤，不能开通腠理，反而助长内热，灼伤肺脏所致。）
20、太阳病，发汗后，导致汗漏不止，病人怕风，小便困难，四肢轻微拘急，难以屈伸的，用桂枝加附子汤主治。
（漏汗不止，毛孔洞开，所以怕风。小便困难，四肢轻微拘急，难以屈伸，是因为寒气拘束，阴气不能化生，所以加入附子以散内寒。）
21、太阳病，经过泻下治疗后，脉促、胸满的，用桂枝去芍药汤主治。如果伴有轻微恶寒的，在去芍药的方中加入附子，用桂枝去芍药加附子汤主治。
（太阳病反用泻下法，损伤阳气而导致阴气上逆，所以桂枝汤中去掉芍药以降逆。恶寒说明寒气偏盛，所以加入附子以温阳。）
22、太阳病，得病八九日，像疟疾一样，发热恶寒，热多寒少，病人不呕吐，大小便基本正常，一天发作两三次，脉象微缓的，是快要痊愈的表现。如果脉象微弱且恶寒的，这是阴阳俱虚，不可再发汗、再泻下、再催吐。如果面色反现红热的，说明病未解除，因为不能得到微小的汗出，身体必定发痒，宜用桂枝麻黄各半汤。
（太阳病八九日，寒热往来像疟疾，有的自愈，有的不自愈。脉微弱且恶寒的，这是阴阳俱虚，暂时不可再发汗、泻下、催吐。面色反现红热的，说明病未解除，因为不能得到微小汗出，身体发痒，宜用桂枝麻黄各半汤微微发汗才能解除。）
23、太阳病，初服桂枝汤后，反而出现烦闷不解的，先针刺风池穴、风府穴，然后再给予桂枝汤就会痊愈。
（邪气凝聚在头项部，桂枝的力量不足以战胜它，不能外发反而内郁，所以烦闷。针刺这两个穴位使邪气不能凝聚，再给药就能消散。）
24、服用桂枝汤后，大汗出，脉象洪大的，仍按前法给予桂枝汤；如果像疟疾一样，一天发作两次的，汗出必解，宜用桂枝二麻黄一汤。
（服用桂枝汤，大汗出，脉洪大，这是伤了阴液，似乎应当在桂枝汤内加倍芍药。像疟疾一样，是经气内行所致，桂枝二麻黄一汤由营达卫，所以汗出必解。）
25、服用桂枝汤，大汗出后，极度烦渴不解，脉象洪大的，用白虎加人参汤主治。
（服用桂枝汤，大汗出后，极度烦渴不解，脉象洪大，原本阴虚，现在大汗又伤了阴液，阳热郁蒸。用人参白虎汤滋阴清热，这是救火的方法。）
26、太阳病，发热恶寒，热多寒少，脉象微弱的，这叫“无阳”（指阳气虚弱），不可再发汗，宜用桂枝二越婢一汤方。
（“此无阳也，不可更汗”这两句话来历不明，怀疑是竹简错乱。哪有说不可发汗，反而用发汗剂的道理？）
桂枝二越婢一汤方
桂枝（去皮），芍药、甘草各十八铢，生姜一两三钱（切），大枣四枚（劈开），麻黄十八铢（去节），石膏二十四铢（打碎，用绵布包裹）。以上七味药，捣碎成粗末。用五升水，先煮麻黄一二沸，去掉上面的浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取二升，滤去药渣，温服一升。本方应当裁减为越婢汤、桂枝汤，合饮一升，现在合并为一个方子，名为桂枝二越婢一。
27、太阳病，服用桂枝汤，或者经过泻下治疗后，仍然头项强痛，发热如翕翕（形容发热轻浅），无汗，心下满闷，轻微疼痛，小便不利的，用桂枝汤去桂枝加茯苓白术汤主治。
（表证未解反而泻下，使邪气内陷，心下满闷，轻微疼痛，小便不利，这是里证。桂枝汤去桂枝加白术茯苓，是想从小便排出邪气。然而表证仍在，似乎不去掉桂枝为宜。）
28、伤寒脉浮，自汗出，小便频数，心烦，轻微恶寒，脚部挛急，反而给予桂枝汤，想要攻表，这是错误的。服药后立即出现四肢厥冷，咽干，烦躁，呕吐逆气的，制作甘草干姜汤给予服用，以恢复其阳气。如果四肢回暖、足温的，再制作芍药甘草汤给予服用，其脚就能伸直。如果胃气不和，出现谵语（神志不清，胡言乱语）的，少量给予调胃承气汤。如果再次发汗，又加上烧针治疗的，用四逆汤主治。
（此内证已经形成，仍发其表，遂使所伤的阴阳更加受伤。这几个方子，是根据不同的逆乱情况来救治的。）
甘草干姜汤方
甘草四两（炙，味甘平），干姜二两（炮，味辛热）。以上两味药，捣碎成粗末。用三升水，煮取一升五合，滤去药渣，分两次温服。
（小便频数，心烦，轻微恶寒，脚部挛急，说明下焦原有寒邪。得桂枝汤后出现四肢厥冷，咽干，烦躁，呕吐逆气，是因为发汗又伤了阳气，扰动元阳外越。给予甘草干姜汤收摄阳气，镇摄阴气。）
芍药甘草汤方
白芍药四两（味酸，微寒），甘草四两（炙，甘平）。以上两味药，捣碎成粗末，用三升水，煮取一升半，滤去药渣，分两次温服。
（四肢厥冷已愈、足温，说明阳气已回，再用芍药甘草汤滋阴收敛阳气。）
调胃承气汤方
大黄四两（去皮，清酒浸），甘草二两（炙，味甘平），芒硝半斤（味咸苦，大寒）。以上三味药，捣碎成粗末，用三升水，煮取一升，滤去药渣，加入芒硝，再上火微煮至沸，少量温服。
（胃气不和，出现谵语，是原本阳明多燥，现在发汗伤了阴液，使燥者更燥，所以用调胃承气汤泻燥济阴。）
四逆汤方
甘草二两（炙，味甘平），干姜一两半（味辛热），附子一枚（生用，去皮，破成八片，辛，大热）。以上三味药，捣碎成粗末，用三升水，煮取一升二合，滤去药渣，分两次温服。体质强壮的人可用大附子一枚，干姜三两。
（体内原有寒邪，重发汗，又加烧针，导致阳气大伤，所以用四逆汤扶阳散寒。）
29、问：证候像阳旦（即桂枝汤证），按照法治疗反而加重，出现四肢厥逆，咽中干燥，两小腿拘急而谵语。老师说：预计半夜手足会变温暖，两脚会伸直，后来果然如老师所说。为什么知道这一点？回答说：寸口脉浮而大，浮则为风邪，大则为虚，风邪则生微热，虚则两小腿拘挛。病证像桂枝汤证，因此加入附子在其中，增加桂枝令其汗出，附子温经，这是亡阳的缘故。出现四肢厥逆、咽中干燥、烦躁、阳明内结、谵语、烦乱，再饮用甘草干姜汤。夜半阳气回复，两足当热，小腿尚轻微拘急，再给予芍药甘草汤，然后小腿伸直，用承气汤轻微通便，则停止其谵语，所以知道病可愈。
（先用甘草干姜汤救其阳，再以芍药甘草汤救其阴，复以调胃承气汤济其燥。其中的机理深奥难测。）
辨太阳病脉证并治中
葛根汤方
葛根四两，麻黄三两（去节），桂枝二两（去皮），芍药二两（切），甘草二两（炙），生姜三两（切），大枣十二枚（掰开）。以上七味药，捣碎成粗末，用一斗水，先煮麻黄、葛根，减少二升水，去掉浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取三升，滤去药渣，温服一升，再覆盖衣被使全身微微似有汗出，不需要喝粥，其余调养及禁忌同桂枝汤法。
（葛根是由阳明经达于太阳经的药物。太阳病项背强直而无汗恶风，是表寒扩散即将深入的趋势，所以在桂枝汤内加葛根阻断其入路，外加麻黄打开其出路。）
31、太阳与阳明合病（两经同时发病），必然自下利，用葛根汤主治。
（这是太阳与阳明经合病，寒气沿经络进入阳明之腑，寒气得以深入，因为其胃中必有素来的寒邪，寒气内陷于大肠故而下利。表证仍在的，主以葛根汤，欲使深入的邪气从原路复出。）
32、太阳与阳明合病，不下利，只呕吐的，用葛根加半夏汤主治。
葛根加半夏汤方
葛根四两，麻黄三两（去节，热水泡去黄汁，焙干称量），生姜三两（切），甘草二两（炙），芍药二两，桂枝二两（去皮），大枣十二枚（掰开），半夏半斤（洗）。以上八味药，用水一斗，先煮葛根、麻黄，减少二升水，去掉白色浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取三升，滤去药渣，温服一升，再覆盖衣被使全身微微似有汗出。
（寒气沿太阳、阳明进入阳明之腑，胃中原有积热，寒热相隔，寒气不能下趋故不下利，反而逆于咽喉，发为呕吐。葛根汤使邪气从原路复出，半夏降其上逆之寒气。）
33、太阳病，桂枝证，医生反而用泻下法，腹泻随即不止，脉促的，说明表证未解。气喘而汗出的，用葛根黄连黄芩汤主治。
葛根黄芩黄连汤方
葛根半斤，甘草二两（炙，味甘平），黄芩二两，黄连三两。以上四味药，用水八升，先煮葛根，减少二升水，加入其他药物，煮取二升，滤去药渣，分两次温服。
（太阳证而用泻下法，使邪气深陷胃肠，故腹泻不止，反而伤了阴液，脉促而喘汗出，这是伤阴的迹象。葛根散其外邪，甘草、黄连、黄芩，滋阴清其内热。）
34、太阳病，头痛发热，身疼，腰痛，骨节疼痛，恶风，无汗而喘的，用麻黄汤主治。
麻黄汤方
麻黄三两（去节），桂枝二两（去皮），甘草一两（炙），杏仁七十个（热水去皮尖）。以上四味药，用水九升，先煮麻黄，减少二升水，去掉上面的浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取二升半，滤去药渣，温服八合，再覆盖衣被使全身微微似有汗出，不需要喝粥，其余调养同桂枝汤法。
（头痛，身疼，腰痛，骨节疼痛，是寒凝格拒热象的表现。发热恶风，无汗而喘，是寒闭气机升降。所以给予麻黄汤开其闭降其逆。）
35、太阳与阳明合病，气喘而胸满的，不可用泻下法，宜用麻黄汤主治。
（太阳与阳明合病气喘而胸满，本应用葛根汤，现在给麻黄汤，是想让其从太阴达于太阳。）
36、太阳病，十天过去了，脉浮细而想睡觉的，说明外邪已解。如果胸满胁痛的，给予小柴胡汤。如果脉仅浮的，给予麻黄汤。
中医漫谈（录音整理）
漫谈之一：温病派·什么是气·咳嗽
根据民间中医网中医讲堂录音整理
讲述：三七生
时间：2006年2月14日
整理：观自在
网友：现在到医院看病，发现好多都好像是这个温病派的，温病派的治疗到底能起到多少作用呢？检验温病派有没有什么标准？
三七先生：关于温病派的问题啊，现在实际上已经很成问题了。中医之所以落后到现在这个地步，与温病学派盛行关系很大。为什么治病效果这么差？与西医殊途同归，西医消炎，中药就清热。无论什么病都这么做。
网友：打倒……
三七先生：也不能就是说打倒，咱们现在就是说拨乱反正吧，把问题说清楚。其实，祝味菊在《伤寒质难》里面早就把很多问题说清楚了。但是为什么没有造成巨大影响呢？因为坚持错误的人太多，他们靠这个吃饭，不是靠治病吃饭，不是真正把病人治好吃饭。靠料病吃饭，知道这个病下一步发展到哪里，最后什么时候死，实际上这是一步一步错误治疗造成的，所以这个问题很大。中医如果没有这个理论之前，效果不会这样。这个东西最后横行了，十个里头有九个，一百个里头有九十九个是学这个的，你那一个人的声音就很小了。而且他们顽固不化，不想改。有几个能象裘沛然老先生最后这样反思反省的呢？有几个能象陈苏生先生最后改弦易辙改邪归正，把以前的东西全放弃的呢？他们都是对温病学说掌握到什么程度？都是了如指掌，背得滚瓜烂熟，但是用上去就是不见效，就是死人。他们还有良心，所以他们研究为什么总会这样，裘沛然老先生不是说：甚至对中医都失去信心了吗？不信中医了，这是什么原因？什么能让人对自己所学的东西产生这么大的动摇？所以说，如果这个根本的东西抓不住，不明白，真是无知造孽。黄坤载在医书里边对这些人为什么要这么骂？都是有原因的。
Guizhi Tang Formula
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 3 liang (peeled), Shaoyao (Peony Root) 3 liang, Gancao (Licorice Root) 2 liang (honey-fried), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) 3 liang (sliced), Dazao (Jujube) 12 pieces (broken open).
(Guizhi Tang is the primary formula for harmonizing Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi). The meaning of "harmonizing" is to allow Ying Qi to disperse and Wei Qi to consolidate, thereby causing Qi to descend and Blood to ascend. Guizhi has a rising and dispersing action to scatter pathogenic factors in the Ying level; Shaoyao has a descending and consolidating action to secure the Wei level. Shengjiang assists Guizhi in dispersing cold pathogens; Dazao assists Shaoyao in consolidating Yin fluids. Honey-fried Gancao is used to harmonize the various herbs and regulate Yin and Yang.)
The above five ingredients are crushed into coarse powder. Use seven sheng of water, simmer over low heat until three sheng remain, strain off the dregs, and take one sheng when the temperature is suitable. Shortly after taking the medicine, drink more than one sheng of hot thin porridge to assist the medicinal power, cover with blankets for about one hour, and aim for a slight, continuous sweating over the whole body; this is optimal. Do not allow sweat to flow profusely like water, otherwise the disease will certainly not be eliminated. If sweating occurs after one dose and the illness resolves, stop taking the remaining medicine without finishing the entire decoction; if no sweating occurs, administer another dose according to the previous method; if still no sweating, shorten the interval between subsequent doses, ensuring all three doses are taken within half a day; if the condition is severe, administer continuously day and night, observing for twenty-four hours. If symptoms persist after completing one decoction, prepare and administer another; if still no sweating, continue administering up to two or three decoctions. Consume no raw, cold, sticky, slippery, meat, wheat products, five pungent spices, dairy, or foul-smelling foods.
(Drinking hot porridge supplements both Yin and Yang to assist the medicinal power. Allowing sweat to flow profusely will injure both Qi and Yin, allowing pathogens to enter through the deficiency.)
13. In Taiyang disease (disease resulting from pathogenic invasion of the Taiyang channel), characterized by headache, fever, sweating, and aversion to wind, Guizhi Tang is the principal treatment.
(Use this formula when these symptoms present; this demonstrates the diagnostic principle. Explanation is the same as above.)
14. In Taiyang disease, characterized by stiffness and discomfort in the nape and back (jijiu: describing a stiff and uncomfortable sensation), accompanied by sweating and aversion to wind, Guizhi Jia Gegen Tang (Guizhi Decoction plus Pueraria Root) is the principal treatment.
(This is Taiyang disease combined with Yangming channel syndrome. Gegen (Pueraria Root) is a herb entering the Yangming channel.)
15. In Taiyang disease, following purgative treatment, if there is a sensation of Qi rushing upward, Guizhi Tang may be administered. Use the method described previously. If there is no sensation of Qi rushing upward, do not administer Guizhi Tang.
(Taiyang disease is at the exterior; using purgatives damages Middle Qi, causing turbid Yin to rush upward, similar to Ben Tun (Rolling Tumor). Guizhi Tang possesses the function of descending turbidity.)
16. After three days of Taiyang disease, if diaphoresis, emesis, purgation, or warm needle therapy have been applied but the condition remains unresolved, this is termed Huai Bing (a deteriorated condition due to mismanagement). Guizhi Tang is no longer applicable. One must observe the pulse and signs, determine the nature of the error, and treat according to the specific presentation. Guizhi Tang is originally for releasing the muscle layer; if the pulse is floating and tight, with fever and absence of sweating, it must not be administered. This must be kept in mind to avoid errors.
(Mismanaged Taiyang disease cannot simply be treated with Guizhi Tang for release; treatment must adapt to the presentation. Guizhi Tang disperses Ying and secures Wei to harmonize the exterior. If the pulse is floating and tight with fever and no sweating, it indicates that Ying warmth is insufficient to overcome exogenous cold; Mahuang Tang should be used to disperse. The presence or absence of sweating is the key to determining the balance of cold and heat; errors must be avoided.)
17. For patients who habitually consume alcohol, Guizhi Tang must not be administered, as it will induce vomiting; this is because alcoholics dislike sweet flavors.
(When such symptoms present, use the corresponding medicine, but generalizations should be avoided.)
18. For patients with a history of asthma (chuan), adding Houpo (Magnolia Bark) and Xingren (Apricot Seed) to Guizhi Tang yields better results.
(Asthma refers to rebellious Qi flowing upward. Houpo and Xingren benefit the lungs and direct Qi downward.)
19. Anyone who vomits after taking Guizhi Tang will subsequently vomit pus and blood.
(This may result from misapplying Guizhi Tang to a Mahuang Tang pattern; failing to open the pores, it instead exacerbates internal heat, scorching the Lungs.)
20. In Taiyang disease, after diaphoresis, if sweating continues unceasingly, accompanied by aversion to wind, difficulty urinating, mild spasm of the four limbs, and difficulty flexing and extending them, Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Guizhi Decoction plus Aconite Root) is the principal treatment.
(Unceasing leakage of sweat opens the pores, causing aversion to wind. Difficulty urinating and limb spasms indicate cold constriction and failure of Yin Qi transformation; thus, Fuzi (Aconite Root) is added to dispel internal cold.)
21. In Taiyang disease, following purgation, if the pulse is rapid (cu) and there is chest fullness, Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Guizhi Decoction minus Peony Root) is the principal treatment. If there is slight aversion to cold, add Fuzi (Aconite Root) to the formula without Shaoyao, using Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Fuzi Tang.
(Purgation in Taiyang disease damages Yang and causes Yin Qi to rebel; thus, Shaoyao is removed from Guizhi Tang to direct Qi downward. Aversion to cold indicates excess cold; thus, Fuzi is added to warm.)
22. In Taiyang disease, on the eighth or ninth day, presenting like malaria with alternating fever and chills, where heat predominates over cold, without vomiting, with normal bowel movements, occurring two or three times a day, and with a slightly slow pulse, recovery is imminent. If the pulse is weak with aversion to cold, this indicates deficiency of both Yin and Yang; further diaphoresis, purgation, or emesis are contraindicated. If the face shows a ruddy color, the disease has not resolved due to inability to produce slight sweating, causing itching; Guizhi Mahuang Ban Ge Tang (Half-Guizhi Half-Mahuang Decoction) is indicated.
(Taiyang disease lasting eight or nine days with alternating fever and chills may resolve spontaneously or not. Weak pulse with aversion to cold indicates Yin-Yang deficiency; temporary cessation of aggressive treatments is required. Ruddy face indicates unresolved disease due to lack of slight sweating and itching; Guizhi Mahuang Ban Ge Tang should be used to induce slight sweating for resolution.)
23. In Taiyang disease, if initial administration of Guizhi Tang results in worsening vexation without resolution, first puncture Fengchi (GB20) and Fengfu (GV16), then administer Guizhi Tang for cure.
(Pathogenic factors congregate in the head and neck; the power of Guizhi is insufficient to overcome them, leading to internal stagnation and vexation. Puncturing these acupoints prevents pathogen aggregation, allowing subsequent medication to dissipate the pathogen.)
24. After taking Guizhi Tang, if profuse sweating occurs with a surging pulse (hongda), administer Guizhi Tang as before; if the presentation resembles malaria, occurring twice a day, sweating will resolve the condition, and Guizhi Er Mahuang Yi Tang (Two-Parts Guizhi One-Part Mahuang Decoction) is indicated.
(Profuse sweating after Guizhi Tang with a surging pulse indicates Yin injury; theoretically, doubling Shaoyao in Guizhi Tang might be considered. Malaria-like symptoms indicate internal movement of channel Qi; Guizhi Er Mahuang Yi Tang moves from Ying to Wei, ensuring resolution upon sweating.)
25. After taking Guizhi Tang, if profuse sweating leads to extreme vexation and unquenchable thirst with a surging pulse, Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Plus Ginseng Decoction) is the principal treatment.
(Original Yin deficiency, exacerbated by profuse sweating damaging Yin further, leads to stagnant Yang-heat. Renshen Baihu Tang nourishes Yin and clears heat, serving as a fire-extinguishing method.)
26. In Taiyang disease, with fever and aversion to cold, heat predominating over cold, and a weak pulse, this is termed "Wu Yang" (absence of Yang/Qi deficiency); further diaphoresis is contraindicated. Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang (Two-Parts Guizhi One-Part Yuebi Decoction) is indicated.
(The phrases "this is Wu Yang, further diaphoresis is contraindicated" have unclear origins and are suspected to be textual errors. It is illogical to forbid sweating while prescribing a diaphoretic formula.)
Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi Tang Formula
Guizhi (peeled), Shaoyao and Gancao each 18 zhu, Shengjiang 1 liang 3 qian (sliced), Dazao 4 pieces (split), Mahuang 18 zhu (nodes removed), Shigao (Gypsum) 24 zhu (crushed, wrapped in silk). The above seven ingredients are crushed into coarse powder. Use five sheng of water, boil Mahuang for one or two boils, remove the foam, add other herbs, boil to obtain two sheng, strain, and take one sheng warm. This formula was originally intended to be divided into Yuebi Tang and Guizhi Tang, mixed and taken as one sheng; now combined into one formula named Guizhi Er Yuebi Yi.
(This formula applies to patterns of fever and aversion to cold with heat predominating over cold.)
27. In Taiyang disease, after taking Guizhi Tang or undergoing purgation, if headache and neck stiffness persist, with mild fever, absence of sweating, fullness below the heart, slight pain, and difficult urination, Guizhi Tang Qu Guizhi Jia Fuling Baizhu Tang (Guizhi Decoction minus Cinnamon Twig plus Poria and Atractylodes Macrocephala) is the principal treatment.
(Failing to resolve the exterior and using purgatives allows pathogens to sink internally, causing fullness below the heart, slight pain, and difficult urination—signs of interior syndrome. Removing Guizhi and adding Baizhu and Fuling aims to drain pathogens via urination. However, since exterior signs remain, retaining Guizhi might be preferable.)
28. In Shanghan (Cold Damage) with a floating pulse, spontaneous sweating, frequent urination, mental restlessness, slight aversion to cold, and leg cramps, administering Guizhi Tang to attack the exterior is an error. Immediate development of cold extremities, dry throat, irritability, and vomiting ensues. Prepare Gancao Jiangji Tang (Licorice and Dried Ginger Decoction) to restore Yang. Once extremities warm, prepare Shaoyao Gancao Tang (Peony and Licorice Decoction) to extend the legs. If stomach Qi disharmony causes delirium, administer small amounts of Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Direct Downward Decoction). If excessive sweating and moxibustion were previously applied, Sini Tang (Recover the Reversed Decoction) is indicated.
(Interior syndromes have formed; attacking the exterior further injures the already damaged Yin and Yang. These formulas address different types of rebellion.)
Gancao Jiangji Tang Formula
Gancao 4 liang (honey-fried, sweet and neutral), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) 2 liang (roasted, pungent and hot). The above two ingredients are crushed into coarse powder. Use three sheng of water, boil to obtain one sheng 5 he, strain, and divide into two warm doses.
(Frequent urination, mental restlessness, slight aversion to cold, and leg cramps indicate original cold in the Lower Jiao. Administering Guizhi Tang caused cold extremities, dry throat, irritability, and vomiting due to sweating injuring Yang and disturbing Yuan Yang outward. Gancao Jiangji Tang secures Yang and stabilizes Yin.)
Shaoyao Gancao Tang Formula
Baishaoyao (White Peony Root) 4 liang (sour, slightly cold), Gancao 4 liang (honey-fried, sweet and neutral). The above two ingredients are crushed into coarse powder, boiled in three sheng of water to obtain one sheng 5 he, strained, and divided into two warm doses.
(Cold extremities resolving and feet warming indicate return of Yang; Shaoyao Gancao Tang is used to nourish Yin and consolidate Yang.)
Tiaowei Chengqi Tang Formula
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) 4 liang (peeled, soaked in clear wine), Gancao 2 liang (honey-fried, sweet and neutral), Mangxiao (Mirabilite) 0.5 jin (salty and bitter, very cold). The above three ingredients are crushed into coarse powder, boiled in three sheng of water to obtain one sheng, strained, add Mangxiao, boil briefly until boiling, and take small amounts warm.
(Disharmony of Stomach Qi causing delirium indicates original Yangming dryness; sweating injured Yin, increasing dryness. Tiaowei Chengqi Tang drains dryness to nourish Yin.)
Sini Tang Formula
Gancao 2 liang (honey-fried, sweet and neutral), Ganjiang 1.5 liang (pungent and hot), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) 1 piece (raw, peeled, broken into eight pieces, pungent and very hot). The above three ingredients are crushed into coarse powder, boiled in three sheng of water to obtain one sheng 2 he, strained, and divided into two warm doses. Robust individuals may use one large Fuzi and 3 liang Ganjiang.
(Internal cold exacerbated by heavy sweating and moxibustion severely damages Yang; Sini Tang supports Yang and dispels cold.)
29. Question: The presentation resembles Yangdan (Guizhi Tang pattern), but treatment worsened it, causing cold extremities, dry throat, calf cramps, and delirium. The Master said: "By midnight, hands and feet will warm, and legs will extend," which proved correct. How is this known? Answer: The Cun Kou pulse is floating and large. Floating indicates Wind; Large indicates Deficiency. Wind generates slight heat; Deficiency causes calf cramps. The pattern resembles Guizhi Tang, so Fuzi was added, and Guizhi increased to induce sweating; Fuzi warms the channels, addressing Yang collapse. Cold extremities, dry throat, irritability, Yangming internal binding, delirium, and confusion require Gancao Jiangji Tang. By midnight, Yang returns, feet warm, calves still slightly cramped; administer Shaoyao Gancao Tang to extend calves; use Chengqi Tang to mildly loosen bowels to stop delirium. Thus, recovery is predicted.
(First, Gancao Jiangji Tang saves Yang; then Shaoyao Gancao Tang saves Yin; finally, Tiaowei Chengqi Tang addresses dryness. The mechanism here is profound and unfathomable.)
Differentiating Taiyang Disease Pulse, Signs, and Treatment - Part II
30. Taiyang disease with stiffness in the nape and back, absence of sweating, and aversion to wind is treated with Gegen Tang (Pueraria Decoction).
Gegen Tang Formula
Gegen (Kudzu Root) 4 liang, Mahuang 3 liang (nodes removed), Guizhi 2 liang (peeled), Shaoyao 2 liang (sliced), Gancao 2 liang (honey-fried), Shengjiang 3 liang (sliced), Dazao 12 pieces (broken open). The above seven ingredients are crushed into coarse powder. Use one dou of water, first boil Mahuang and Gegen, reduce by two sheng, remove foam, add other herbs, boil to obtain three sheng, strain, take one sheng warm, cover to induce slight sweating, no porridge needed; rest and dietary restrictions follow Guizhi Tang methods.
(Gegen moves from Yangming to Taiyang. Stiffness without sweating and aversion to wind indicates exterior cold spreading inward; Gegen in Guizhi Tang blocks entry, while Mahuang opens exit.)
31. Combined Taiyang and Yangming disease presenting with spontaneous diarrhea is treated with Gegen Tang.
(This is combined Taiyang and Yangming channel disease; cold pathogens enter the Yangming fu organs via channels. Deep penetration occurs due to pre-existing stomach cold; cold sinking into the Large Intestine causes diarrhea. With exterior signs remaining, Gegen Tang is used to expel deep pathogens via their origin.)
32. Combined Taiyang and Yangming disease without diarrhea but with vomiting is treated with Gegen Jia Banxia Tang (Gegen Decoction plus Pinellia Rhizome).
Gegen Jia Banxia Tang Formula
Gegen 4 liang, Mahuang 3 liang (nodes removed, rinsed in hot water to remove yellow juice, dried), Shengjiang 3 liang (sliced), Gancao 2 liang (honey-fried), Shaoyao 2 liang, Guizhi 2 liang (peeled), Dazao 12 pieces (broken open), Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) 0.5 jin (washed). The above eight ingredients are boiled in one dou of water, first boiling Gegen and Mahuang, reducing by two sheng, removing white foam, adding other herbs, boiling to obtain three sheng, straining, taking one sheng warm, covering for slight sweating.
(Cold pathogens enter Yangming fu organs; pre-existing stomach heat creates a barrier preventing cold from descending (no diarrhea), instead reversing upward to the throat causing vomiting. Gegen Tang expels pathogens via origin; Banxia directs rebellious cold downward.)
33. Taiyang disease with Guizhi pattern, mistreated with purgation, leading to unceasing diarrhea, rapid pulse (indicating unresolved exterior), wheezing, and sweating is treated with Gegen Huangqin Huanglian Tang (Gegen, Scutellaria, and Coptis Decoction).
Gegen Huangqin Huanglian Tang Formula
Gegen 0.5 jin, Gancao 2 liang (honey-fried, sweet and neutral), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) 2 liang, Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) 3 liang. The above four ingredients are boiled in eight sheng of water, first boiling Gegen, reducing by two sheng, adding other herbs, boiling to obtain two sheng, straining, dividing into two warm doses.
(Purgation in Taiyang syndrome drives pathogens deep into intestines/stomach, causing unceasing diarrhea and injuring Yin. Rapid pulse, wheezing, and sweating indicate Yin injury. Gegen disperses exterior pathogens; Gancao, Huanglian, and Huangqin nourish Yin and clear internal heat.)
34. Taiyang disease with headache, fever, body ache, lower back pain, joint pain, aversion to wind, absence of sweating, and wheezing is treated with Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction).
Mahuang Tang Formula
Mahuang 3 liang (nodes removed), Guizhi 2 liang (peeled), Gancao 1 liang (honey-fried), Xingren (Apricot Seed) 70 pieces (blanched, skin and tips removed). The above four ingredients are boiled in nine sheng of water, first boiling Mahuang, reducing by two sheng, removing foam, adding other herbs, boiling to obtain two sheng 5 he, straining, taking eight ge warm, covering for slight sweating, no porridge needed; rest follows Guizhi Tang methods.
(Headache, body ache, back pain, joint pain indicate cold stagnation repelling heat. Fever, aversion to wind, absence of sweating, and wheezing indicate blocked Qi mechanism. Mahuang Tang opens blockage and directs rebellion downward.)
35. Combined Taiyang and Yangming disease with wheezing and chest fullness should not be purged; Mahuang Tang is indicated.
(Wheezing and chest fullness in combined Taiyang/Yangming disease typically suggest Gegen Tang; Mahuang Tang is used here to guide Qi from Taiyin to Taiyang.)
36. Ten days into Taiyang disease, with floating and fine pulse and desire to sleep, the exterior has resolved. If chest fullness and hypochondriac pain occur, Xiao Chaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is given. If only floating pulse remains, Mahuang Tang is given.
Traditional Chinese Medicine Discussion (Transcribed Recording)
Discussion One: Wenbing School · What is Qi · Cough
Transcribed from recordings on Folk TCM Network Lecture Hall
Speaker: San Qisheng
Date: February 14, 2006
Editor: Guan Zizai
Netizen: Visiting hospitals now, many cases seem related to the Wenbing (Warm Disease) school. How effective is their treatment? Is there a standard to evaluate the Wenbing school?
Mr. San Qisheng: The issue with the Wenbing school is problematic. The decline of TCM is largely due to the prevalence of the Wenbing school. Why is efficacy so poor? It parallels Western medicine: Western medicine uses antibiotics, so TCM uses heat-clearing herbs. This approach is applied regardless of the disease.
Netizen: Down with...
Mr. San Qisheng: We shouldn't just say "down with it"; we need to rectify the situation and clarify issues. Zhu Weiju clarified many problems in *Shanghan Zhinan* long ago. Why didn't it have a huge impact? Because too many people persisted in error; they make a living from this theory, not from curing patients. They predict disease progression and death, resulting from cumulative mismanagement. Without this theory, TCM efficacy would not be this poor. This approach dominates; nine out of ten, ninety-nine out of a hundred study it, drowning out dissenting voices. They are stubborn and unwilling to change. How many reflect like Mr. Qiu Peiran? How many, like Mr. Chen Susong, changed their ways, abandoned old views, and returned to orthodoxy? They mastered Wenbing theory thoroughly, memorized it perfectly, yet clinical application failed, leading to death. Having conscience, they researched why, asking why trust in TCM wavered. What causes such doubt in one's own learning? If the fundamental principles are not grasped, ignorance creates suffering. Huang Kunzai criticized such people in his medical texts for valid reasons.