病源冷痢者，由肠胃虚弱，受于寒气，肠虚则泄，故为冷痢也，凡痢色青色白色黑，皆
为冷
（出
广济疗冷痢青白色，腹内常鸣，其痢行数甚疏，出太多，此是冷痢。宜服调中散方。
龙骨 人参 黄连 阿胶（炙） 黄柏（各一两）
上五味捣筛为散，煮米饮服两方寸匕，日两服，瘥停。（出第四卷中）
肘后疗水下痢色白，食不消者，为寒下方。
黄连 干姜（各三两）
上二味捣筛，白酒一升半合煎，令可丸，饮服如梧桐子二十丸。忌猪肉冷水。
又方
黄连（二两） 甘草（炙半两） 附子（炮半两） 阿胶（半两炙）
上四味切，以水三升，煮取一升半，分再服之。
又方
半夏（洗） 乌头（炮） 甘草（炙各等分）
上三味捣筛，蜜和丸如梧桐子大，饮服三丸，日再服。
又方
生姜汁（二升） 白蜜（一升半）
上二味相和，分再服之。
又方
腥（二两切） 干姜（三两末）
上二味，以水六升半着米一合，煮作糜糜熟，纳姜，一食令尽，不瘥更作。（备急同）
又方
酸石榴皮（烧灰）
上一味为末，服方寸匕。（文仲同）
又方
干姜（二两末） 杂面（一升）
上二味为烧饼，熟食之尽，更作，不过三剂瘥。（文仲同）
又疗纯下白如鼻涕者方。
龙骨 干姜 附子（炮）
上三味等分，捣筛，蜜和丸如梧子大，饮下五丸，渐至十丸，日一服。（文仲同）
又方
黄连（末） 腊 阿胶（各一两）
上三味，先以酒半升令沸，下胶腊合烊，乃纳黄连末，顿服之。（本云姚氏疗卒注下并
痢
又方
灸脐下一寸五十壮良。（文仲同并出第二卷中）
千金论曰∶凡五脏绝于内者，下不自禁，下甚者，手足不仁也。细寻取之，万不失一，
下病体
秋下水
又疗久冷痢下纯白者，此由积卧冷处，经久病发，遂令脾胃俱冷，日夜五六十行，大小
腹痛不可忍之，凡白痢属冷。赤痢属热方。
上好曲末（五升微熬令香）
上一味，温清淳酒热，和曲末一升，空腹一顿服之，日三。若至食时，捣蒜一升令至熟
，下姜椒末，调如常食法，惟须稠，勿加盐，以水和面二升，作索饼，极熟烂煮之干漉，热
纳蒜齑中相和，一顿食之，少与余食，至饥时仍准前食曲末酒，比至差来，少食余食，以此
法疗，不过二日必瘥。
又乌梅丸，疗冷痢久下方。
乌梅（三百粒） 当归（四两） 干姜（十两） 桂心（六两） 附子（六两炮） 黄
连（十六两） 蜀椒（汗四两） 细辛（六两） 人参（六两） 黄柏（六两）
上十味异捣筛，合治之，苦酒渍乌梅一宿，去核蒸之如五斗米，下捣如泥，盘中揉合相
得
，蜜和捣二千杵，食前饮服如梧子大十丸，日三，稍增至二十丸。（此本仲景伤寒论方）
又旧疗痢于贵胜，用健脾丸多效，今疗积久冷痢，先以温脾汤下讫，后以健脾丸补
之，
大黄（三两） 桂心（三两） 附子（炮） 干姜 人参（各二两）
上五味切，以水七升，煮取二升半，分为三服，日再。（并出第十五卷中）
备急葛氏疗痢色白，食不消者，为寒下方。
豉（一升绵裹） 薤白（一把）
上二味，以水三升，煮取二升，及热顿服之，陶效方云，疗暴下大去血痢，姚疗赤白下
痢并效。（肘后同）
又方
牛角腮（烧灰）
上一味捣筛，白饮服方寸匕，日三。（肘后同）
又方
好面（炒）
上一味捣筛，煮米粥，纳面方寸匕，日四五，云此疗日百行，师不救者。（肘后同出第
六卷中）
古今录验白头翁汤。疗寒急下及滞下方。
白头翁 干姜（各二两） 甘草（炙一两） 当归（一两） 黄连 秦皮（各一两半） 石
榴皮
（一两生者二两）
上七味切，以水八升，煮取三升，分为四服。（出第十卷中）
近效疗冷痢方。
肉豆蔻（五颗合皮碎） 甘草（二两炙）
上二味切，以水三升，煮取一升半，顿服之。（户部李尚书处得云疗冷痢极者有效自用
得
又疗久冷痢方。
赤石脂捣作末，和面作馄饨，空腹服一碗以下，不过两顿瘥，老人尤佳，体中先热者，
不可服之。（以上二方新附）
文仲治青下白下。姜附散方。
干姜 附子（炮） 皂荚（炙去子）
上三味等分，捣筛为散，饮服方寸匕，不可再服即愈，亦可丸服。（短剧肘后同）
又治冷痢。姜艾馄饨子方。
干姜（末） 熟艾
上二味等分，作面馄饨如酸枣大，煮熟，服四五十枚，日二服，腹胀者，炙浓朴煮汁服
药。此热服讫，即须食饭大效，曾有产妇冷痢如白膏，服之立瘥，腹痛亦定。
【背景信息】
书名：外台秘要 作者：王焘 朝代：唐·天宝十一年 章节：冷痢方二十二首 类别：方剂
【原文翻译】
疾病源流中关于冷痢（由寒邪引起的痢疾）的论述指出，这是由于肠胃虚弱，受到寒气侵袭所致。肠道空虚则导致泄泻，因此称为冷痢。凡是痢疾颜色呈青色、白色或黑色的，都属于冷痢。
（出自《广济》治疗冷痢，大便呈青白色，腹内经常鸣响，排便次数虽稀疏但量极大，这是冷痢。适宜服用调中散方。
龙骨 人参 黄连 阿胶（炙烤） 黄柏（各一两）
以上五味药捣碎过筛制成散剂，用米汤送服两方寸匕，每日两次，病愈后停药。（出自第四卷中）
《肘后备急方》治疗水样白痢，食物不消化者，属于寒性下利。
黄连 干姜（各三两）
以上两味药捣碎过筛，加入一升半白酒煎煮，制成如梧桐子大小的丸药，每次饮服二十丸。忌食猪肉和冷水。
又一方
黄连（二两） 甘草（炙烤半两） 附子（炮制半两） 阿胶（半两炙烤）
以上四味药切碎，用水三升，煎取一升半，分两次服用。
又一方
半夏（洗净） 乌头（炮制） 甘草（炙烤，各等分）
以上三味药捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜调和制成如梧桐子大小的丸药，每次饮服三丸，每日两次。
又一方
生姜汁（二升） 白蜜（一升半）
以上两味药混合，分两次服用。
又一方
腥（二两切碎） 干姜（三两研末）
以上两味药，加水六升半，放入米一合，煮成稀粥，待粥熟后加入姜末，一顿吃完，若未痊愈再制作。（与《备急千金要方》相同）
又一方
酸石榴皮（烧成灰）
以上一味药研成粉末，每次服用一方寸匕。（与《小品方》文仲部分相同）
又一方
干姜（三两研末） 杂面（一升）
以上两味药做成烧饼，煮熟后全部吃下，若未愈再做，不超过三剂即可痊愈。（与文仲部分相同）
又治疗纯下白色如鼻涕状痢疾的方子。
龙骨 干姜 附子（炮制）
以上三味药等分，捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜调和制成如梧子大小的丸药，每次饮服五丸，逐渐增加至十丸，每日一次。（与文仲部分相同）
又一方
黄连（研末） 腊（此处疑为蜡或特定药材，依原文保留） 阿胶（各一两）
以上三味药，先用半升酒煮沸，放入胶和蜡使其融化，然后加入黄连末，一次性服用。（原本说是姚氏治疗卒注下并痢疾的方子）
又一方
灸脐下一寸五十壮效果好。（与文仲部分相同，均出自第二卷中）
《千金方》论述说：凡是五脏内部衰竭的人，大便失禁无法控制，下利严重者，手足会麻木不仁。仔细推究寻找病因，万无一失。
秋季患水样下利……
又治疗久年冷痢，纯下白色者，这是由于长期卧于寒冷之处，经久发病，致使脾胃俱冷，日夜排便五六十次，大小腹痛不可忍受。凡白痢属冷，赤痢属热。
上好曲末（五升微炒令香）
以上一味药，用温热的清醇酒化开，取曲末一升，空腹一次性服下，每日三次。如果到了吃饭时候，捣蒜一升直至煮熟，加入姜椒末，按常法调味，只需稠厚，不要加盐，用水和面二升，做成索饼，极烂煮熟后捞出沥干，趁热拌入蒜泥中一起食用，少量搭配其他食物，到饥饿时仍照前法食用曲末酒，直到痊愈期间，少吃其他食物，用此法治疗，不超过两天必定痊愈。
又乌梅丸，治疗冷痢日久方。
乌梅（三百粒） 当归（四两） 干姜（十两） 桂心（六两） 附子（六两炮制） 黄连（十六两） 蜀椒（出汗处理四两） 细辛（六两） 人参（六两） 黄柏（六两）
以上十味药分别捣碎过筛，混合处理。用苦酒（醋）浸泡乌梅一夜，去核蒸熟如同五斗米的样子，再捣成泥状，在盘中揉合均匀，用蜂蜜调和捣两千杵，饭前饮服如梧子大小的十丸，每日三次，逐渐增加至二十丸。（此方本出自张仲景《伤寒论》）
又旧方治疗痢疾于贵胜人身上，使用健脾丸多有效，如今治疗积久冷痢，先以温脾汤攻下，后以健脾丸补益。
大黄（三两） 桂心（三两） 附子（炮制） 干姜 人参（各二两）
以上五味药切碎，用水七升，煎取二升半，分为三份服用，每日两次。（均出自第十五卷中）
《备急葛氏方》治疗痢色白，食物不消化者，属于寒性下利。
豉（一升绵裹） 薤白（一把）
以上两味药，用水三升，煎取二升，趁热一次性服用。陶效方的说法是，治疗暴发性大量出血痢疾，姚氏方治疗赤白痢疾都有效。（与《肘后方》相同）
又一方
牛角腮（烧成灰）
以上一味药捣碎过筛，用白饮（米汤）送服一方寸匕，每日三次。（与《肘后方》相同）
又一方
好面（炒制）
以上一味药捣碎过筛，煮米粥，加入面方寸匕，每日四五次，据说此方治疗每日百次腹泻，医生认为救不了的也能治。（与《肘后方》相同，出自第六卷中）
《古今录验》白头翁汤。治疗寒急下利及滞下方。
白头翁 干姜（各二两） 甘草（炙烤一两） 当归（一两） 黄连 秦皮（各一两半） 石榴皮（一两生者二两）
以上七味药切碎，用水八升，煎取三升，分为四次服用。（出自第十卷中）
近效方治疗冷痢方。
肉豆蔻（五颗连皮捣碎） 甘草（二两炙烤）
以上两味药切碎，用水三升，煎取一升半，一次性服用。（户部李尚书处所得，云治疗极重度冷痢有效，自用得之）
又治疗久年冷痢方。
赤石脂捣作粉末，和面做成馄饨，空腹服用一碗以下，不超过两顿即痊愈，老人尤其适宜，体内先有热者，不可服用。（以上两方为新附录）
文仲治疗青色下利、白色下利。姜附散方。
干姜 附子（炮制） 皂荚（炙烤去子）
以上三味药等分，捣碎过筛制成散剂，饮服一方寸匕，不可再次服用即愈，也可以制成丸药服用。（与《短剧》、《肘后方》相同）
又治疗冷痢。姜艾馄饨子方。
干姜（研末） 熟艾
以上两味药等分，用面做成如酸枣大小的馄饨，煮熟，服用四五十枚，每日两次。腹胀者，灸浓朴并煮汁服药。此方热服后，必须吃饭效果极佳，曾有产妇患冷痢如白膏状，服用后立即痊愈，腹痛也止住。
[Background Information]
Book: Waitai Miyao (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies)
Author: Wang Tao
Dynasty: Tang Dynasty, Tianbao 11th Year
Chapter: Twenty-Two Formulas for Cold Dysentery
Category: Formulas
[English Translation]
Regarding the etiology of cold dysentery (dysentery caused by cold pathogen), it arises from weakness in the intestines and stomach, combined with invasion by cold qi. When the intestines are deficient, diarrhea occurs; thus, it is termed cold dysentery. Any dysentery presenting with green, white, or black stool belongs to the category of cold dysentery.
(From *Guangji*: Treating cold dysentery where stool is greenish-white, with frequent abdominal borborygmus. Although the frequency of defecation may be sparse, the volume is excessive; this indicates cold dysentery. It is suitable to administer Tiaozhong San (Regulate the Middle Powder).
Longgu (Fossil Bones), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, roasted), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) [each 1 liang].
The above five herbs are crushed, sifted into powder, and taken with rice water, two Fangcun Bi (a traditional measure approx. 2-3 grams) per dose, twice daily. Discontinue upon recovery. (From Volume IV)
*Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up the Sleeve): For watery white dysentery with undigested food, indicating cold-type lower purging.
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger) [each 3 liang].
The above two herbs are crushed and sifted. Decoct with 1.5 sheng of white wine until it can be formed into pills the size of Sophora seeds (Wutongzi). Take 20 pills with water. Avoid pork and cold water.
Another Formula
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) [2 liang], Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted) [half 1 liang], Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) [half 1 liang], Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, roasted) [half 1 liang].
The above four herbs are cut. Decoct with 3 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng. Divide into two doses.
Another Formula
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, washed), Wutou (Aconite Lateral Root, prepared), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted) [equal parts].
The above three herbs are crushed and sifted. Mix with honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 3 pills with water, twice daily.
Another Formula
Shengjiang Zhi (Fresh Ginger Juice) [2 sheng], Bami (White Honey) [1.5 sheng].
Mix the above two ingredients and divide into two doses.
Another Formula
Xing [Herb name unclear/missing character, likely specific root/bark] [2 liang, cut], Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger) [3 liang, powdered].
Add the above two ingredients to 6.5 sheng of water and 1 he of rice. Cook into a porridge. Once cooked, add the ginger powder. Consume in one meal. If not cured, repeat. (Same as *Beiji Qianjin Yaofang*)
Another Formula
Suan Shiliu Pi (Pericarpium Granati, burned to ash).
Crush the single ingredient into powder. Take one Fangcun Bi per dose. (Same as Wen Zhong's section)
Another Formula
Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger) [3 liang, powdered], Za Mian (Mixed Flour) [1 sheng].
Make these into baked cakes. Cook thoroughly and consume completely. Repeat if necessary. Cured within no more than three courses. (Same as Wen Zhong's section)
Another formula for pure white discharge resembling mucus.
Longgu (Fossil Bones), Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, prepared).
Equal parts of the above three herbs are crushed and sifted. Mix with honey to form pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 5 pills with water, gradually increasing to 10 pills. Once daily. (Same as Wen Zhong's section)
Another Formula
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, powdered), La [Wax or specific substance], Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin) [each 1 liang].
Boil half a sheng of wine first. Add gelatin and wax to melt. Then add Huanglian powder. Take all at once. (Originally stated as Yao Shi's formula for sudden injection/dysentery)
Another Formula
Moxibustion on the point 1 cun below the umbilicus, 50 moxa cones. Effective. (Same as Wen Zhong's section, both from Volume II)
*Qianjin Yaofang* discusses: When the internal organs fail internally, bowel control is lost. Severe purging leads to numbness of the hands and feet. Careful investigation ensures accuracy.
Autumn water-like purging...
Another formula for chronic cold dysentery presenting with pure white stool. This results from long-term exposure to cold environments, causing chronic illness that chills both the spleen and stomach. Defecation occurs 50-60 times day and night, with unbearable abdominal pain. Generally, white dysentery indicates cold, while red dysentery indicates heat.
Shang Qu Mo (Superior Yeast Powder) [5 sheng, lightly roasted until fragrant].
Take this single ingredient. Warm clear, pure wine. Mix with 1 sheng of yeast powder. Take on an empty stomach in one dose, three times daily. When it is time to eat, crush 1 sheng of garlic until cooked. Add powdered ginger and pepper. Season as usual but keep it thick. Do not add salt. Use water to mix 2 sheng of flour to make noodle strips (Suobing). Boil until very soft and tender. Drain well. Mix with the garlic paste and consume in one sitting. Eat sparingly of other foods. When hungry, repeat the yeast powder and wine. Continue this diet until recovery. With this method, cure is expected within two days.
Another: Wu Mei Wan (Mume Pill), for treating chronic cold dysentery.
Wumei (Fructus Mume) [300 grains], Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) [4 liang], Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger) [10 liang], Guixin (Cinnamon Twig) [6 liang], Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, prepared) [6 liang], Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) [16 liang], Shujiao (Sichuan Pepper) [4 liang, sweat-treated], Xixin (Asarum Root) [6 liang], Renshen (Ginseng Root) [6 liang], Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) [6 liang].
The above ten herbs are crushed and sifted separately, then mixed. Soak Wumei in Ku Jiu (Bitter Wine/Vinegar) overnight. Remove pits and steam until soft like 5 dou of rice. Pound into a paste. Knead in a bowl until uniform. Mix with honey and pound for 2,000 strokes. Take 10 pills the size of Sophora seeds with water before meals, three times daily. Gradually increase to 20 pills. (This formula originates from Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun*)
Old formulas for treating dysentery in nobles often use Jianpi Wan (Spleen-Strengthening Pill) with good effect. For chronic cold dysentery, first purge with Wenpi Tang (Warm the Spleen Decoction), then tonify with Jianpi Wan.
Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) [3 liang], Guixin (Cinnamon Twig) [3 liang], Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, prepared), Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger), Renshen (Ginseng Root) [each 2 liang].
Cut the above five herbs. Decoct with 7 sheng of water to obtain 2.5 sheng. Divide into three doses. Twice daily. (Both from Volume XV)
*Beiji Ge Shi Fang* treats white dysentery with undigested food, indicating cold-type lower purging.
Chi (Fermented Soybean) [1 sheng, wrapped in silk], Xiebai (Allium Macrostemon Bulb) [1 bundle].
Decoct the above two ingredients in 3 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Take hot in one dose. Tao Xiao's formula states this treats acute bloody dysentery. Yao's formula treats both red and white dysentery effectively. (Same as *Zhouhou Fang*)
Another Formula
Niujiao Sai (Horn Base of Cow Horn, burned to ash).
Crush and sift. Take one Fangcun Bi with Bai Yin (Rice Water), three times daily. (Same as *Zhouhou Fang*)
Another Formula
Hao Mian (Good Flour, stir-fried).
Crush and sift. Add one Fangcun Bi to rice porridge. Four to five times daily. Said to treat cases of 100 movements per day, even those deemed incurable by physicians. (Same as *Zhouhou Fang*, from Volume VI)
*Gujin Luyan* Baitouweng Tang (Pulsatilla Decoction). Treats acute cold purging and stagnation.
Baitouweng (Pulsatilla Root), Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger) [each 2 liang], Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted) [1 liang], Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) [1 liang], Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Qinpi (Ash Bark) [each 1.5 liang], Shiliu Pi (Pericarpium Granati) [1 liang raw, or 2 liang].
Cut the above seven herbs. Decoct with 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Divide into four doses. (From Volume X)
Jin Xiao Fang for cold dysentery.
Rudoukou (Nutmeg, crushed with skin) [5 kernels], Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted) [2 liang].
Cut the above two herbs. Decoct with 3 sheng of water to obtain 1.5 sheng. Take in one dose. (Obtained from Minister Li of the Ministry of Revenue, claimed effective for severe cold dysentery; personally verified)
Another formula for chronic cold dysentery.
Chishizhi (Halloysitum Rubrum) pounded into powder, mixed with flour to make wontons. Take less than one bowl on an empty stomach. Cured within two doses. Especially suitable for the elderly. Not for those with pre-existing internal heat. (These two formulas are newly appended)
Wen Zhong treats green and white purging. Jiangfu San (Ginger and Aconite Powder).
Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, prepared), Zaojia (Tamarix Gallica Fruit, roasted and de-seeded).
Equal parts of the above three herbs are crushed and sifted into powder. Take one Fangcun Bi with water. Do not take again; it will heal. Can also be made into pills. (Same as *Duanju* and *Zhouhou Fang*)
Another formula for cold dysentery. Jiang'ai Wuntun Zi (Ginger and Mugwort Wonton).
Jiangzhu (Dried Ginger, powdered), Shuai Ai (Prepared Artemisia Argyi Herb).
Equal parts of the above two ingredients. Make into wontons the size of sour jujubes using flour. Boil and cook. Take 40-50 pieces, twice daily. For abdominal distension, moxa Congzhu (Magnolia Bark) and drink its decoction with the medicine. After taking this hot, eating rice enhances efficacy significantly. There was a case of a postpartum woman with cold dysentery resembling white paste; she recovered immediately after taking this, and abdominal pain ceased.