《病源》夫肺主气,候皮毛,人有运动劳役,其气外泄,腠理则开,因乘风取凉,冷气
卒伤于肺,即发成嗽,故为暴气嗽,其状嗽甚而少涎沫。(出第十四卷中)
《古今录验》疗患气嗽,并下焦冷结方。(后四方同疗,姚大夫别录要方)
紫菀 贝母 百部根 款冬花 五味子 半夏(洗各五分) 射干(十分) 芫花根皮
(四
分切,熬令焦) 干姜 橘皮(各四分) 杏仁(八分去皮、尖、双仁者,熬) 苏子(四
分)
白石英
上十四味,捣筛,以蜜和为丸,如梧桐子。酒服十丸,日再,稍加至三十丸。忌羊肉、
饧、诸生冷等物。
又方
干地黄 桂心 山茱萸 五味子(各三两) 茯苓(四两) 苁蓉 丹参 泽泻 甘草
(炙)
钟乳(研各二两)
上十味捣筛,蜜和。酒服十五丸如梧子大,日增至三十丸。忌海藻、生葱、醋物、菘菜
、芜荑。
又酒方
丹参 干地黄(各五两) 芎 石斛 牛膝 黄 白术 苁蓉(各四两) 防风 独
活
上十五味,切,以酒三斗浸七日。初服二合,日再,稍稍加之。忌食桃、李、雀肉、生
葱、猪肉、冷水、芜荑。
又丸方
干地黄(四两) 防风 苁蓉 泽泻(各三两) 山茱萸 丹参 五味子 茯神(各二
两一
方作茯苓) 桂心(一两半)
上九味,捣筛,蜜和丸如梧子。酒服二十丸,日再,稍加至三十丸。忌醋物、生葱、芜
荑。(并出第十九卷中)
《延年》杏仁煎 主气嗽方。
好杏仁(一升去皮、尖、两仁者,酥熬) 糖(一合) 蜜(五合) 酥(一合) 生
姜汁(一
合) 贝母(八合别筛末) 苏子汁(一升以七小合苏子研水和,滤取汁)
上七味,先捣杏仁如泥,纳后六味药,合煎如稠糖。取如枣大,含咽之,日三,但嗽发
,细细含之。忌猪肉。(蒋孝璋处)
又疗气嗽煎方
贝母 紫菀 百部根(炙) 款冬花 甘草(炙各三两) 桂心(二两)
上六味,切,以水六升,煮取一升五合,去滓,纳后药。
生地黄汁(三升) 生麦门冬汁(五合) 生姜汁(五合) 白蜜(五合) 酥(五合)
白糖(
五合) 杏仁(三合去皮、尖、双仁,熬,捣作膏)
煎如糖。一服一匙,日三,稍加至三匙,嗽定则停。忌海藻、生葱、菘菜、芜荑、
KT醋
又疗气嗽。杏仁煎方。
杏仁(五合去皮、尖,捣,研) 生姜汁(二合) 酥(一合) 蜜(三合)
上四味,以水三升,研杏仁取汁,纳铜铛中,煎搅可减半,纳姜汁煎如稀糖,纳酥蜜煎
令如稠糖。一服一匙,日三服,夜一服,稍加至两匙。忌猪肉。
又杏仁煎 主气嗽方。
杏仁(一升去尖、皮、两仁者,研,滤取汁) 酥(三合) 白蜜(三合)
上三味,以水三升,研滤杏仁,令味尽,纳铜铛中,煎可减半,纳酥、蜜煎二十沸,纳
贝母末四分、紫菀末三分、甘草炙末一分,更煎搅如稀糖。一服一匙,日三夜一服,以咳嗽
止为度,大验。忌KT 、猪肉。(并出第五卷中)
《诸病源候论》说:肺主司气,外应于皮毛。人如果进行运动或体力劳动,体内的气就会向外宣泄,腠理(皮肤毛孔)因此张开,此时若乘风取凉,冷气突然侵袭肺部,就会引发咳嗽,所以称为暴发性气嗽,其症状表现为咳嗽剧烈且痰涎很少。(出自第十四卷中)
《古今录验》治疗患气嗽,以及下焦冷结的方剂。(后四个方子同样用于治疗,由姚大夫另行收录的要方)
紫菀、贝母、百部根、款冬花、五味子、半夏(洗净,各五分)、射干(十分)、芫花根皮(四分切段,熬至焦黄)、干姜、橘皮(各四分)、杏仁(八分,去皮、尖及双仁者,炒制)、苏子(四分)、白石英。
以上十四味药,捣碎过筛,用蜂蜜调和制成丸药,大小如梧桐子。每次用酒送服十丸,每日两次,逐渐增加至三十丸。忌食羊肉、饴糖、各种生冷食物等。
又一方
干地黄、桂心、山茱萸、五味子(各三两)、茯苓(四两)、肉苁蓉、丹参、泽泻、甘草(炙)、钟乳石(研细,各二两)。
以上十味药捣碎过筛,用蜂蜜调和。用酒送服十五丸,大小如梧桐子,每日逐渐增加至三十丸。忌食海藻、生葱、醋制品、白菜、芜荑。
又一方(酒剂)
丹参、干地黄(各五两)、川芎、石斛、牛膝、黄芪、白术、肉苁蓉(各四两)、防风、独活。
以上十五味药,切碎,用三斗酒浸泡七天。初次服用二合,每日两次,逐渐增加剂量。忌食桃、李、雀肉、生葱、猪肉、冷水、芜荑。
又一方(丸剂)
干地黄(四两)、防风、肉苁蓉、泽泻(各三两)、山茱萸、丹参、五味子、茯神(各二两,一方作茯苓)、桂心(一两半)。
以上九味药,捣碎过筛,用蜂蜜调和制成丸药,大小如梧桐子。用酒送服二十丸,每日两次,逐渐增加至三十丸。忌食醋制品、生葱、芜荑。(均出自第十九卷中)
优质杏仁(一升,去皮、尖及双仁者,用酥油炒制)、糖(一合)、蜜(五合)、酥油(一合)、生姜汁(一合)、贝母(八合,单独筛成粉末)、苏子汁(一升,用七小合苏子研磨加水,过滤取汁)。
以上七味药,先将杏仁捣成泥状,加入其余六种药物,共同煎煮至像稠糖一样。取如枣核大小的量,含在口中慢慢咽下,每日三次,只要咳嗽发作,就细细含服。忌食猪肉。(来源:蒋孝璋处)
又一方,治疗气嗽的煎剂
贝母、紫菀、百部根(炙)、款冬花、甘草(炙,各三两)、桂心(二两)。
以上六味药,切碎,用水六升,煎煮取汁一升五合,去渣,加入后面的药物。
生地黄汁(三升)、生麦门冬汁(五合)、生姜汁(五合)、白蜜(五合)、酥油(五合)、白糖(五合)、杏仁(三合,去皮、尖及双仁,炒制,捣成膏状)。
煎煮至像糖一样。每次服用一匙,每日三次,逐渐增加至三匙,咳嗽停止则停药。忌食海藻、生葱、白菜、芜荑、苦醋。
杏仁(五合,去皮、尖,捣碎,研磨)、生姜汁(二合)、酥油(一合)、蜜(三合)。
以上四味药,用水三升,研磨杏仁取汁,倒入铜锅中,煎煮搅拌至减半,加入姜汁继续煎煮至稀糖状,再加入酥油和蜜,煎至稠糖状。每次服用一匙,每日三次,夜间一次,逐渐增加至两匙。忌食猪肉。
杏仁(一升,去尖、皮及双仁者,研磨,过滤取汁)、酥油(三合)、白蜜(三合)。
以上三味药,用水三升,研磨并过滤杏仁,直到味道尽出,倒入铜锅中,煎煮至减半,加入酥油和蜜,煮沸二十次,再加入贝母末四分、紫菀末三分、炙甘草末一分,继续煎煮搅拌至稀糖状。每次服用一匙,每日三次,夜间一次,以咳嗽停止为限度,效果显著。忌食苦醋、猪肉。(均出自第五卷中)
According to *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Symptoms of All Diseases): The Lung governs Qi and corresponds externally to the skin and hair. When a person engages in physical exertion or labor, their Qi dissipates outwardly, causing the Couli (pores) to open. If one then exposes themselves to wind while seeking coolness, cold Qi suddenly invades the Lung, triggering coughing. This is termed "acute Qi cough" (Bao Qi Sou), characterized by severe coughing with little sputum. (From Volume 14)
*Gujin Luyan* provides a formula for treating Qi cough and cold accumulation in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner). (The following four formulas are also used for this purpose; recorded separately as essential formulas by Physician Yao.)
*Asterae Radix* (Ziwan), *Fritillariae Bulbus* (Beimu), *Stemonae Radix* (Baibu), *Daphne Genkwa Flower* (Kuandonghua), *Schisandrae Fructus* (Wuweizi), *Pinelliae Rhizoma* (Banxia, washed, each 5 fen), *Belamcandae Rhizoma* (Shegan, 10 fen), *Genkwa Root Bark* (Yuanhuagenpi, cut into 4 fen pieces, roasted until scorched), *Zingiberis Rhizoma* (Ganjiang), *Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium* (Chenpi, each 4 fen), *Pruni Semen* (Xingren, 8 fen, peeled, de-veined, removing double-kernel seeds, roasted), *Perillae Fructus* (Suzi, 4 fen), *Quartz* (Baishiyang).
Crush and sieve the above fourteen ingredients. Mix with honey to form pills the size of *Koelreuteriae Fructus* (wutongzi). Take ten pills with wine, twice daily, gradually increasing to thirty pills. Avoid mutton, maltose, and all raw/cold foods.
Another Formula:
*Rehmanniae Radix* (Shengdihuang), *Cinnamomi Ramulus* (Guixin), *Corni Fructus* (Shanzhuyu), *Schisandrae Fructus* (Wuweizi, each 3 liang), *Poria* (Fuling, 4 liang), *Cynomorii Herba* (Rongrong), *Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Danshen), *Alismatis Rhizoma* (Zexie), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao, prepared), *Concha Trochophorae* (Zhonglu, ground, each 2 liang).
Crush and sieve the above ten ingredients. Mix with honey. Take fifteen pills with wine, size of *Koelreuteriae Fructus*, gradually increasing to thirty pills daily. Avoid seaweed, raw green onions, vinegar products, Chinese cabbage, and *Myrobalan* (Wuyi).
Another Wine Preparation:
*Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Danshen), *Rehmanniae Radix* (Shengdihuang, each 5 liang), *Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma* (Chuanxiong), *Dendrobii Caulis* (Shihu), *Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix* (Niuxi), *Astragali Radix* (Huangqi), *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma* (Baizhu), *Cynomorii Herba* (Rongrong, each 4 liang), *Saposhnikoviae Radix* (Fangfeng), *Angelicae Pubescentis Radix* (Duohuo).
Cut the above fifteen ingredients and soak in three dou of wine for seven days. Initial dose: two he. Twice daily, gradually increasing the dose. Avoid peaches, plums, sparrow meat, raw green onions, pork, cold water, and *Myrobalan*.
Another Pill Formula:
*Rehmanniae Radix* (Shengdihuang, 4 liang), *Saposhnikoviae Radix* (Fangfeng), *Cynomorii Herba* (Rongrong), *Alismatis Rhizoma* (Zexie, each 3 liang), *Corni Fructus* (Shanzhuyu), *Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Danshen), *Schisandrae Fructus* (Wuweizi), *Poria cum Radice* (Fushen, each 2 liang; one version uses Fuling), *Cinnamomi Ramulus* (Guixin, 1.5 liang).
Crush and sieve the above nine ingredients. Mix with honey to form pills the size of *Koelreuteriae Fructus*. Take twenty pills with wine, twice daily, gradually increasing to thirty pills. Avoid vinegar products, raw green onions, and *Myrobalan*. (All from Volume 19)
*Yannian Milu* Almond Decoction, primarily for Qi cough:
High-quality *Pruni Semen* (Xingren, 1 sheng, peeled, de-veined, removing double-kernel seeds, fried in butter), sugar (1 he), honey (5 he), butter (1 he), fresh ginger juice (1 he), *Fritillariae Bulbus* (Beimu, 8 he, sifted into powder separately), *Perillae Fructus* juice (1 sheng, made by grinding 7 small he of Suzi with water and filtering).
First, crush the almonds into a paste. Add the remaining six ingredients and decoct until thick like syrup. Take a date-sized amount, holding it in the mouth to swallow slowly. Three times daily. Whenever cough occurs, hold it in the mouth slowly. Avoid pork. (Source: Jiang Xiaozhang)
Another Decoction for Qi Cough:
*Fritillariae Bulbus* (Beimu), *Asterae Radix* (Ziwan), *Stemonae Radix* (Baibu, prepared), *Daphne Genkwa Flower* (Kuandonghua), *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* (Gancao, prepared, each 3 liang), *Cinnamomi Ramulus* (Guixin, 2 liang).
Cut the above six ingredients. Decoct in six sheng of water to obtain one sheng five he. Strain, then add the following ingredients:
Fresh *Rehmanniae Radix* juice (Shengdihuangzhi, 3 sheng), fresh *Ophiopogonis Radix* juice (Sheng Maidongzhi, 5 he), fresh ginger juice (5 he), white honey (5 he), butter (5 he), white sugar (5 he), *Pruni Semen* (Xingren, 3 he, peeled, de-veined, double-kernels removed, roasted, pounded into paste).
Decoct until resembling syrup. Take one spoonful per dose, three times daily, gradually increasing to three spoonfuls. Stop when cough subsides. Avoid seaweed, raw green onions, Chinese cabbage, *Myrobalan*, and sour vinegar.
Another Almond Decoction for Qi Cough:
*Pruni Semen* (Xingren, 5 he, peeled, de-veined, pounded, ground), fresh ginger juice (2 he), butter (1 he), honey (3 he).
Take water three sheng, grind almonds to extract juice. Pour into a copper pot, boil and stir until reduced by half. Add ginger juice and boil until thin syrup. Add butter and honey, boil until thick syrup. Take one spoonful per dose, three times daily, once at night, gradually increasing to two spoonfuls. Avoid pork.
Another Almond Decoction, primarily for Qi Cough:
*Pruni Semen* (Xingren, 1 sheng, remove tips, peel, and double-kernels, grind, filter to extract juice), butter (3 he), white honey (3 he).
Take water three sheng, grind and filter almonds until flavor is exhausted. Pour into a copper pot, boil until reduced by half. Add butter and honey, boil twenty times. Add *Fritillariae Bulbus* powder (4 fen), *Asterae Radix* powder (3 fen), and prepared *Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma* powder (1 fen). Continue boiling and stirring until thin syrup. Take one spoonful per dose, three times daily, once at night. Stop when cough ceases. Highly effective. Avoid sour vinegar and pork. (All from Volume 5)