肘后中沙虱毒论云，山水间多有沙虱，其虫甚细不可见。人入水浴及汲水澡浴，此虫在
水中着人。及阴雨日行草中即着人，便钻入皮里，其诊法，初得之，皮上正赤如小豆黍米粟
粒，以手摩赤上，痛如刺。过三日之后，令人百节强，疼痛寒热，赤上发疮，此虫渐入至骨。
则杀人，凡在山涧水澡浴毕，熟以巾拭身中数过，又以故帛拭之一过，乃敷粉也，今东间水
无不有此，洗浴毕，以巾拭HT HT ，如甚毛针刺，熟看见处，仍以竹叶抄拂去之，比见
岭南人
初有此者，即以茅叶刮去，乃小伤皮肤为佳，乃数涂苦苣菜汁瘥。已深者，用针挑取得虫子，
正如疥虫，着爪上映光，方见行动也。挑不得，便就上灸三四炷，则虫死病除，若止两三处，
不能为害，多处不可尽挑灸，若犹觉 ，是其已大深，便应依土俗作方术出之，并作诸药
汤，以俗皆得一二升沙出，沙出都尽乃止，若无方术，痛饮番酒取醉亦佳，如其无，则依此
方为疗，并杂用前中溪毒射工法急救，七日中宜瘥，不尔，则仍变成溪毒如薤叶大长四五寸，
初着，腹胁肿如刺，则破鸡拓之，虫出食鸡，或三四数遍，取尽乃止，兼须服麝香犀角护其
内，作此疗之，彼土有中之者不少，呼此病为HT （呼故切）沙虫，吴音名沙作盗护如鸟
长
尾，盗者，言此虫能招呼溪气，东间山行，无处不有其虫着人肉不痛，不即觉者，久久便生
子在人皮中，稍攻人则为 ，山行宜竹管盛盐，数视体足，见者以盐涂之便脱，杂少锻石尤
良，亦
又疗沙虱毒方。
以少许麝香敷疮上，过五日不瘥，当用巴豆汤服之。一日辄以巴豆一枚，二日二枚，计
为数，并去皮心，以水三升煮，取一升尽服之，未瘥，即更可作服之。（文仲备急同）
又方
斑蝥二枚，熬一枚，研末服之，烧一枚令烟绝，末着疮中。（千金文仲备急同）
又方
取麝香大蒜合捣，以羊脂和着筒中带之行，大良。（千金同）
删繁疗沙虱方。
以盐五合，以水一斗煮一沸，以渍洗疮。（出第十卷中）
必效疗沙虱方。
初着有赤点如米，以盐和麝香涂之瘥。
《肘后备急方》中关于沙虱毒的论述说：山水之间有很多沙虱，这种虫子非常细小，肉眼看不见。人们进入水中洗澡或打水沐浴时，这种虫子会附着在人的身上；如果在阴雨天走在草丛中，它也会附着在人身上，并钻入皮肤内部。诊断方法是：刚染病时，皮肤上出现正红色的斑点，像小豆、黍米或粟粒那么大，用手摩擦红色部位，感觉疼痛如针刺。过了三天之后，使人全身关节僵硬，伴有疼痛、发冷和发热，红色部位长出疮疡，这种虫子逐渐深入至骨骼。如果侵入骨骼，就会致死。
凡是山涧水浴结束后，应用毛巾反复擦拭身体数次，再用旧布再擦一次，然后敷上粉剂。现在江东地区的水中没有不含有这种虫子的，洗浴完毕后，用毛巾擦拭（此处原文有缺漏/乱码），如果感觉像被细毛针扎一样，仔细查看患处，仍可用竹叶轻轻拂去；近来见到岭南人初患此病时，就用茅叶刮除患处，只要轻微损伤皮肤即可，然后多次涂抹苦苣菜汁即可痊愈。如果病情较深，用针挑出虫子，就像疥虫一样，放在指甲上映着光看，才能看到它在活动。如果挑不出来，就在患处艾灸三四壮，虫子死亡后疾病即可消除。如果只有两三个部位感染，不会造成大害；但如果多处感染，不能全部挑灸，如果还觉得疼痛剧烈，说明虫子已经深入，应立即依照当地习俗制作药方将其排出，或者使用各种药汤，通常都能排出几升沙子，直到排尽为止。如果没有这些方法，痛饮番酒直至醉倒也是好办法。如果连这也没有，就依照本方治疗，并综合使用前文提到的治溪毒、射工的方法进行急救，七天内应该痊愈，否则就会变成类似薤叶大小、长四五寸的溪毒。刚开始发作时，腹部和胁部肿胀如针刺感，则破开鸡来覆盖患处，虫子出来吃鸡肉，重复三四次，取尽为止。同时需要服用麝香和犀角以保护内脏。这样治疗，当地有不少人中毒，称这种病为“HT”（音同“故切”）沙虫，吴地语音中将“沙”读作“盗”，发音如同鸟长尾巴，“盗”的意思是说这种虫子能招引溪气。在江东山区行走，无处没有这种虫子附着在人的肉上但不痛，如果不立即察觉，久而久之虫子会在人皮中生卵，稍加侵袭就会产生症状。在山中行走宜用竹管盛放盐，经常检查身体，发现虫体后用盐涂抹使其脱落，混合少量锻石效果更佳。这也是治疗沙虱毒的方子。
用少许麝香敷在疮口上，如果五天不好转，应当服用巴豆汤。第一天服一枚巴豆，第二天服两枚，以此类推计算总数，并将巴豆去皮去心，用水三升煮，取一升药液全部服下。如果未痊愈，可以再配制服用。（与文仲《备急方》相同）
又一方：
斑蝥二枚，将其中一枚炒制，研成末服用；另一枚烧至烟尽，将粉末撒入疮口中。（与《千金方》、文仲《备急方》相同）
又一方：
取麝香和大蒜一起捣烂，用羊脂调和后装入筒中随身携带行走，效果很好。（与《千金方》相同）
The *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Kept Up the Sleeve) discusses Sha Li poison, stating: In mountainous and water-rich areas, there are many "Sha Li" (sand lice), which are extremely fine insects invisible to the naked eye. When people enter water to bathe or draw water for washing, these insects attach to humans in the water. If one walks through grass on rainy days, they also attach to people and burrow into the skin. The diagnostic method is as follows: initially, a bright red spot appears on the skin, resembling a small bean, millet grain, or broomcorn millet. Rubbing the red area causes pain like a needle prick. After three days, it causes stiffness and pain in all joints, accompanied by chills and fever, and sores develop at the red spots. The insect gradually penetrates to the bone. Once it reaches the bone, it can be fatal.
After bathing in mountain stream water, one should thoroughly wipe the body with a towel several times, then wipe again with an old cloth, and finally apply powder. Currently, water in the Jiangdong region invariably contains these insects. After bathing, if wiping with a towel feels like being pricked by fine hairs, carefully inspect the affected area and gently brush it off with bamboo leaves. Recently, people in Lingnan who first contracted this disease scraped the affected area with thatch leaves; it is best to cause slight skin injury, then apply juice of *Sonchus oleraceus* (common sow-thistle) multiple times until recovery. If the condition is deep, use a needle to pick out the insect. Like *Sarcoptes scabiei* (scabies mite), it can only be seen moving when held against the light on a fingernail. If it cannot be picked out, moxibustion of three to four cones should be applied to the site; once the insect dies, the disease will cease. If only two or three areas are infected, it will not cause significant harm. However, if multiple areas are infected and cannot all be treated by picking or moxibustion, and if severe pain persists indicating deep penetration, one should immediately follow local customs to extract the toxin using specific methods or decoctions. Typically, several sheng (a unit of volume) of sand-like substance can be expelled, continuing until completely clear. If such methods are unavailable, drinking large amounts of foreign wine until intoxication is also beneficial. If even that is unavailable, treat according to this prescription, and simultaneously employ emergency measures used for treating Xi Du (stream poison) and She Gong (archer fish poison). Recovery is expected within seven days; otherwise, it may transform into Xi Du resembling the size of a leek leaf, four to five cun long. Initially, swelling and stabbing pain occur in the abdomen and flanks. A chicken should be broken open and placed over the lesion; the insects emerge to feed on the chicken. Repeat this three or four times until all insects are removed. Concurrently, administer Musk (*Moschus*) and Rhinoceros Horn (*Rhinocerotis Cornu*) to protect the internal organs. This treatment is effective, as many locals have been poisoned by this condition, calling it "HT" (pronounced 'gu qie') Sha Chong (sand worm). In Wu dialect, "Sha" is pronounced as "Dao" (thief), sounding like a bird's long tail. "Dao" implies that this insect can attract stream qi. In the mountains of Jiangdong, these insects are ubiquitous, attaching to human flesh without causing immediate pain. If not noticed immediately, they lay eggs in the skin over time. Slight invasion leads to symptoms. When walking in mountains, it is advisable to carry salt in a bamboo tube and frequently check the body. Applying salt to detected insects causes them to detach. Mixing with a small amount of smelted iron oxide ore (*Haematitum*) is particularly effective. This is another prescription for Sha Li poison.
Apply a small amount of Musk (*Moschus*) to the sore. If not healed after five days, administer *Croton tiglium* (Ba Dou) decoction. On the first day, take one seed of *Croton tiglium*; on the second day, two seeds, calculating the total number accordingly. Remove the skin and heart of the seeds, boil in three sheng of water, reduce to one sheng, and drink the entire dose. If not healed, prepare and administer again. (Same as *Wenzhong Beijifang*).
Another prescription:
Two *Mylabris* (Ban Mao) beetles. Roast one, grind into powder, and ingest. Burn the other until smoke ceases, and apply the ash to the sore. (Same as *Qianjin Fang* and *Wenzhong Beijifang*).
Another prescription:
Grind Musk (*Moschus*) and garlic together. Mix with sheep fat (*Ovis aries Adip*), place in a tube, and carry it while traveling. This is highly effective. (Same as *Qianjin Fang*).
Simplified prescription for Sha Li:
Use five he of salt, boil in ten dou of water for one boil, and use the liquid to soak and wash the sore. (From Volume 10).
Bixiao Fang for Sha Li:
When initial red spots appear like rice grains, apply a mixture of salt and Musk (*Moschus*) to heal.