病源夫营卫俱虚，血气不足，停水积饮，在于胃管则脏冷，脏冷而脾不磨，脾不磨则宿
谷不化，其气逆而成胃反也，则朝食暮吐，暮食朝吐，心下牢大如杯，往来寒热，甚者食已
则吐，其脉紧而弦，紧则为寒，弦则为虚，虚寒相搏，故食已则吐，名为反胃也。（出第二
十一卷中）
集验疗胃反不受食，食已呕吐，大半夏汤方。
人参（一两） 茯苓（四两） 青竹茹（五两） 大黄（六两） 橘皮 干姜（各三两）
泽泻
上九味切，以水八升，煮取三升，服七合，日三夜一，已利去大黄，用泉水东流水尤佳
。忌海藻菘菜生葱大酢。（千金备急张文仲同方中无半夏未详其名）
又疗胃反吐而渴者，茯苓小泽泻汤方。
茯苓 泽泻 半夏（各四两） 桂心 甘草（炙各二两）
上五味，以水一斗，煮取二升半，去滓，服八合，日三。忌海藻菘菜羊肉饧生葱酢物等
。（千金加生姜四两）
又疗胃反朝食暮吐，食讫腹中刺痛，此由久冷者方。
橘皮（一两） 白术 人参（各二两） 蜀椒（一百二十粒汗） 桂心（一两） 薤白
（一握去
青）
上六味切，以水二升渍一宿，纳猪肚中缝合，三升水煮，水尽出之，决破去滓，分三服
。忌桃李雀肉生葱。（千金用羊肚）
又疗胃反大验方。
前胡 生姜（各四两） 阿胶（一两） 大麻子仁（熬） 吴茱萸（各五合） 桂心（三
寸） 甘
草（五寸炙） 大枣（十枚）
上八物切，以酒二升水三升，煮取一升七合，分再服。忌生葱海藻菘菜等物。（一方有
橘皮三两）
又疗胃反吐食者方
捣粟米作粉，水和作丸，如楮子大七枚，烂煮纳酢中，细细吞之，得下便已，面亦得用
之。
又方
好面十斤，粗地黄二斤，二味捣，日干，酒服，若饮三方寸匕，日三服。（千金云治酢
咽通按生地黄同面食之杀虫虫去则胃安也）
又主胃反食则吐出上气者方
灸两乳下各一寸，以瘥为度。
又方
灸脐上一寸二十壮。
又方
灸内踝下三指稍斜向前有穴三壮即瘥。
又方
芦根茅根各二两
上二味切，以水四升，煮取二升，顿服得下食。（以上并与千金同并出第十六卷中）
崔氏疗食则吐，或朝食夜吐，名曰胃反，或气噎不饮食，数年羸削，唯饮水，亦同此方
。（朱灵感录选）
制半夏（六两） 人参（三两） 生姜（一两） 橘皮（二两） 春杵头糠一升（绵裹）
牛涎
（一升） 浓朴（二两炙） 羚羊角（三两削）
上八味切，以水八升，煮取三升，分温三服，相去十里久，欲频服者，可至三剂，气噎
病者，胃闭不受食，唯饮水，水入吐出积年不瘥，乃至于死人间多有此病，此方救疗有效。
忌羊肉饧粘食。
又华佗疗胃反，胃反为病，朝食夜吐心下坚如杯，往来寒热，吐逆不下食，此为寒癖所
作，疗之神效方。
真珠 雄黄 丹砂（以上研各一两） 朴硝（二两） 干姜（十累）
上五味捣筛蜜丸，先食服如梧子二丸。小烦者饮水则解之。忌生血物。（一方有桂心一
两必效云治心下坚痛胃反寒病所作久变成肺痿方备急集验千金张文仲同并出第四卷中）
救急疗胃反方。
昔在幼年经患此疾，每服食饼及羹粥等物，须臾吐出，正观中许奉御兄弟及柴蒋等家，
时称名医，奉敕令疗，罄竭口马所患，终不能瘳，渐羸惫，候绝朝夕，忽有一卫士而云服驴
小便极验，此日服食二合然后食，唯吐一半，晡时又服二合，人定时食粥吐便即定，迄至今
日午时奏知之，大内中有五六人患胃反同服用，一时俱瘥，此药稍有毒，服时不可过多，承
取尿及热服二合，病若深七日以来服之良，后来疗人并瘥。（必效同出第六卷中通按驴尿治
虫隔）
必效人参汤，主胃逆不消，食吐不止方。
人参 泽泻 桂心（各二两） 橘皮 甘草（炙） 黄 （各三两） 茯苓（四两） 生
姜（八
两） 麦门冬（二升去心） 半夏（一升制） 大黄（一两半）
上十一味切，以水一斗二升，煮取三升二合，服八合，日三夜一服，若羸人服六合以下
，去大黄。忌海藻菘菜酢物生葱羊肉饧。（千金同）
又疗胃反，朝食夜吐，夜食朝吐，诸药疗不瘥方。
羊肉去脂膜作脯，以好蒜 空腹任意多少食之，立见效验。
又疗胃反，吐水及吐食方。
大黄（四两） 甘草（二两炙）
上二味切，以水三升，煮取一升，去滓，分温再服，如得可则隔两日更服一剂，神验千
金不传。忌海藻菘菜。（此本仲景伤寒论方并出第二卷中）
万全方疗脾饮食吐逆，水谷不化，此为胃反，半夏饮子方。
制半夏（八分） 浓朴（炙） 人参 白术 生姜（切） 枣（各六分） 粳米（两合）
橘皮（四
分）
上八味细切，以水二大升，煎取一升，去滓，分温四服，空肚服二服。忌羊肉饧。（并
出第一卷中）
【病因】营卫之气都虚弱，血气不足，导致水液停滞、饮邪积聚。如果停聚在胃脘部位，就会使内脏寒冷；内脏寒冷则脾脏无法运化食物；脾脏不能运化，则隔宿的谷物无法消化；胃气上逆从而形成“胃反”病证。其症状表现为早晨吃的食物晚上吐出来，晚上吃的食物早晨吐出来，心窝部坚硬感大如杯状，伴有忽冷忽热的症状。严重的则是吃完就吐。脉象紧而弦，紧脉主寒，弦脉主虚，虚与寒相互搏结，所以进食后即吐，这被称为“反胃”。（出自第二十一卷中）
【集验方】治疗胃反病，饮食难进，食后即呕吐的大半夏汤方。
人参（一两） 茯苓（四两） 青竹茹（五两） 大黄（六两） 橘皮 干姜（各三两） 泽泻
以上九味药切碎，用水八升，煎煮取汁三升，每次服用七合，白天三次，夜间一次。如果已经出现腹泻，去掉大黄，用泉水或东流水煎药更好。忌食海藻、菘菜（白菜）、生葱、大酢（醋）。（《千金方》《备急方》《张文仲方》同方，但其中没有半夏，不详其名。）
又方：治疗胃反呕吐且口渴的茯苓小泽泻汤方。
茯苓 泽泻 半夏（各四两） 桂心 甘草（炙，各二两）
以上五味药，用水一斗，煎煮取汁二升半，去渣，每次服用八合，每天三次。忌食海藻、菘菜、羊肉、饴糖、生葱、醋物等。（《千金方》加生姜四两。）
又方：治疗胃反，早晨吃晚上吐，吃完后腹中刺痛，这是由于久患虚寒所致。
橘皮（一两） 白术 人参（各二两） 蜀椒（一百二十粒，出汗处理） 桂心（一两） 薤白（一握，去青色部分）
以上六味药切碎，用水二升浸泡一夜，放入猪肚中缝合，加入三升水煮，水尽后取出，剖开猪肚去渣，分三次服用。忌食桃李、雀肉、生葱。（《千金方》用羊肚。）
又方：治疗胃反非常有效的方子。
前胡 生姜（各四两） 阿胶（一两） 大麻子仁（炒制） 吴茱萸（各五合） 桂心（三寸） 甘草（五寸，炙） 大枣（十枚）
以上八味药切碎，用酒二升、水三升，煎煮取汁一升七合，分两次服用。忌食生葱、海藻、菘菜等物。（另一版本有橘皮三两。）
又方：治疗胃反呕吐食物的方子。
捣碎粟米做成粉，用水调和做成丸药，大小如楮树种子，共七枚。烂煮后纳入醋中，细细吞服，若能咽下即愈。面粉也可以用来制作此法。
又方：
好面粉十斤，优质地黄二斤，将这两味药捣碎，晒干，用酒送服。如果每次饮用三方寸匕的量，每天三次服用。（《千金方》说治疗酸咽，通按：生地黄同面食之可杀虫，虫去则胃安。）
又方：主治胃反，进食则吐出，伴有上气冲逆的症状。
灸两侧乳头下一寸处，以病愈为度。
又方：
灸脐上一寸处，二十壮。
又方：
芦根 茅根 各二两
以上两味药切碎，用水四升，煎煮取汁二升，一次性服下，能使食物下行。（以上方剂均与《千金方》相同，并出自第十六卷中）
崔氏方：治疗进食即吐，或早晨吃晚上吐，名为胃反；或者气噎不能饮食，身体数年消瘦，只喝水，也适用此方。（选自朱灵感录选）
制半夏（六两） 人参（三两） 生姜（一两） 橘皮（二两） 春杵头糠一升（绵裹） 牛涎（一升） 浓朴（炙，二两） 羚羊角（削，三两）
以上八味药切碎，用水八升，煎煮取汁三升，分三次温服。间隔十里路的时间，如果想频繁服药，可以连服三剂。气噎病患者，胃气闭塞不受纳食物，只喝水，水入即吐，积年不愈，甚至致死。人间多有此病，此方救疗有效。忌食羊肉、饴糖、粘食。
又华佗方：治疗胃反。胃反作为疾病，早晨吃晚上吐，心下部坚硬如杯状，忽冷忽热，呕吐逆气不能进食，这是由寒癖所作，治疗此症神效的方子。
真珠 雄黄 丹砂（以上研细，各一两） 朴硝（二两） 干姜（十累）
以上五味药捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜制成丸药，先吃饭前服用，如梧桐子大小的两丸。若有轻微不适，饮水即可缓解。忌食生血类食物。（另一版本有桂心一两，《必效方》说治疗心下坚痛，因胃反寒病所作，久病变成肺痿。《备急方》《集验方》《千金方》《张文仲方》同，并出自第四卷中）
救急方：治疗胃反。
过去我在年轻时曾患此疾，每次吃饼及羹粥等食物，一会儿就吐出来。正观年间，许奉御兄弟及柴蒋等人家，当时号称名医，奉敕令治疗，竭尽口马医术，所患之病始终不能痊愈，逐渐瘦弱疲惫，濒临死亡。忽然有一位卫士说服用驴小便极有效验。当天服药二合后再进食，只吐出一半；傍晚时又服二合，入定时喝粥，呕吐便立即停止。直到今天午时奏知此事，大内中有五六人患胃反，同样服用，一时都痊愈了。此药稍有毒性，服用时不可过多。承接驴尿趁热服用二合，病若深入七日以来服用效果良好。后来治疗其他人也都痊愈。（《必效方》同，出自第六卷中，通按：驴尿治虫隔。）
必效人参汤：主治胃气上逆不消，进食呕吐不止的方子。
人参 泽泻 桂心（各二两） 橘皮 甘草（炙） 黄芪（各三两） 茯苓（四两） 生姜（八两） 麦门冬（二升，去心） 半夏（一升，制） 大黄（一两半）
以上十一味药切碎，用水一斗二升，煎煮取汁三升二合，每次服用八合，白天三次，夜间一次服用。如果是体弱之人，服用六合以下，去掉大黄。忌食海藻、菘菜、醋物、生葱、羊肉、饴糖。（《千金方》同。）
又方：治疗胃反，早晨吃晚上吐，晚上吃早晨吐，各种药物疗效不佳者。
羊肉去除脂膜做成肉脯，用好蒜，空腹任意多吃些，立刻见效。
又方：治疗胃反，呕吐清水及呕吐食物。
大黄（四两） 甘草（二两，炙）
以上两味药切碎，用水三升，煎煮取汁一升，去渣，分两次温服。如果病情好转，则隔两天再服一剂，神验。此方《千金方》不传。忌食海藻、菘菜。（此本为张仲景《伤寒论》方，并出自第二卷中）
万全方：治疗脾胃饮食呕吐逆气，水谷不化，此为胃反，半夏饮子方。
制半夏（八分） 浓朴（炙） 人参 白术 生姜（切） 枣（各六分） 粳米（两合） 橘皮（四分）
以上八味药细切，用水两大升，煎取一升，去渣，分四次温服，空腹服用两次。忌食羊肉、饴糖。（并出自第一卷中）
[Pathogenesis] When both Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi are deficient, and Blood and Qi are insufficient, water retention and fluid accumulation occur. If these accumulate in the stomach region, it causes coldness in the Zang organs; when the Zang organs are cold, the Spleen fails to transform and transport food. If the Spleen cannot transform, undigested food remains stagnant, causing Stomach Qi to rebel upward, resulting in the condition known as "Wei Fan" (Gastric Regurgitation). Symptoms include vomiting food eaten in the morning by evening, or food eaten in the evening by morning. There is a sensation of hardness in the epigastrium, large as a cup, accompanied by alternating chills and fever. In severe cases, vomiting occurs immediately after eating. The pulse is tight and wiry: a tight pulse indicates Cold, and a wiry pulse indicates Deficiency. The combination of Deficiency and Cold leads to vomiting after eating, named "Fan Wei" (Reverse Stomach/Regurgitation). (From Volume 21)
[Ji Yan Formula] Da Ban Xia Tang (Major Pinellia Decoction) for treating Wei Fan where food is rejected, vomited immediately after ingestion.
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang) Fu Ling (Poria, 4 liang) Qing Zhu Ru (Bamboo Shavings, 5 liang) Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 6 liang) Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 3 liang each) Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma)
Cut the above nine ingredients. Boil in 8 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Take 7 he per dose, three times during the day and once at night. If diarrhea occurs, remove Da Huang. Using spring water or flowing eastward water is preferable. Avoid consuming Hai Zao (Sargassum), Song Cai (Chinese Cabbage), raw Cong (Scallion), and strong Cu (Vinegar). (Same formula in Qian Jin Fang, Bei Ji Fang, and Zhang Wen Zhong Fang, but without Ban Xia; the name is unclear.)
Another Formula: Fu Ling Xiao Ze Xie Tang (Minor Poria and Alisma Decoction) for treating Wei Fan with vomiting and thirst.
Fu Ling (Poria) Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma) Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, 4 liang each) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Roasted, 2 liang each)
Boil the above five ingredients in 1 dou of water until reduced to 2.5 sheng. Strain. Take 8 he per dose, three times daily. Avoid Hai Zao, Song Cai, Yang Rou (Mutton), Yi Tang (Maltose), raw Cong, and acidic foods. (Qian Jin Fang adds Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma), 4 liang.)
Another Formula: For Wei Fan with morning intake and evening vomiting, stabbing pain in the abdomen after eating, caused by chronic cold.
Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1 liang) Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang each) Shu Jiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium Sweated, 120 grains) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1 liang) Xie Bai (Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, one handful, green part removed)
Cut the above six ingredients. Soak in 2 sheng of water overnight. Place inside a pig stomach, sew shut, and boil in 3 sheng of water until the water is exhausted. Remove, open the stomach, strain, and divide into three doses. Avoid Tao Li (Peaches and Plums), Que Rou (Sparrow Meat), and raw Cong. (Qian Jin Fang uses Yang Du (Sheep Stomach).)
Another Formula: A highly effective formula for Wei Fan.
Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma, 4 liang each) E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini, 1 liang) Da Ma Zi Ren (Cannabis Semen Fried) Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus, 5 he each) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 cun) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Roasted, 5 cun) Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 10 pieces)
Cut the above eight items. Boil in 2 sheng of wine and 3 sheng of water until reduced to 1.7 sheng. Divide into two doses. Avoid raw Cong, Hai Zao, and Song Cai. (One version includes Ju Pi, 3 liang.)
Another Formula: For Wei Fan with vomiting of food.
Grind Su Mi (Setaria Italica) into powder, mix with water to form pills the size of Chu seeds (approx. 7 pills). Cook thoroughly, dip in vinegar, and swallow slowly. If swallowed successfully, the condition resolves. Mian (Flour) can also be used similarly.
Another Formula:
Use high-quality Mian (Flour), 10 jin; Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), 2 jin. Pound the two ingredients, dry them in the sun, and take with wine. If taking 3 Fang Cun Bi (square-inch scoops) per dose, take three times daily. (Qian Jin Fang states this treats sour regurgitation; Tong An notes that eating fresh Di Huang with flour kills parasites; once parasites are gone, the Stomach is stabilized.)
Another Formula: Mainly for Wei Fan where food is vomited up accompanied by rebellious Qi ascending.
Moxibustion on points 1 cun below each nipple, continue until cured.
Another Formula:
Moxibustion on point 1 cun above the umbilicus, 20 moxa cones.
Another Formula:
Moxibustion on the point located slightly diagonally forward from three finger-widths below the medial malleolus, 3 moxa cones until cured.
Another Formula:
Lu Gen (Phragmitis Rhizoma) Mao Gen (Imperatae Rhizoma) 2 liang each
Cut the above two ingredients. Boil in 4 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Take all at once to facilitate food passage. (The above formulas are identical to those in Qian Jin Fang and are from Volume 16.)
Cui Shi Formula: For vomiting upon eating, or morning intake with evening vomiting, named Wei Fan; or Qi Ye (Qi Obstruction) preventing eating, leading to emaciation over years, drinking only water. This formula also applies. (Selected from Zhu Ling Gan Lu Xuan)
Ban Xia Zhi (Prepared Pinelliae Rhizoma, 6 liang) Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma, 1 liang) Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 2 liang) Chun Chu Tou Kang (Chaff from Spring Mortar, 1 sheng, wrapped in silk) Niu Xian (Cow Saliva, 1 sheng) Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex Roasted, 2 liang) Ling Yang Jiao (Saiga Tataricae Cornu Scraped, 3 liang)
Cut the above eight ingredients. Boil in 8 sheng of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Divide into three warm doses. If administering frequently (interval equivalent to traveling 10 li), up to three courses may be taken. For patients with Qi Ye disease, where the Stomach is closed and rejects food, accepting only water which is then vomited up, persisting for years leading to death, this disease is common. This formula is effective. Avoid Yang Rou (Mutton), Yi Tang (Maltose), and sticky foods.
Another Hua Tuo Formula: For Wei Fan. Symptoms include morning intake with evening vomiting, hardness in the epigastrium like a cup, alternating chills and fever, vomiting and inability to eat. This is caused by Han Xi (Cold Accumulation). This formula is miraculous.
Zhen Zhu (Pearl) Xiong Huang (Realgar) Dan Sha (Cinnabar) (All ground separately, 1 liang each) Pu Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang) Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 10 lei)
Pound and sieve the above five ingredients, mix with honey to make pills. Take two pills the size of Wuzi (Wisteria seeds) before meals. If slight discomfort occurs, drink water to resolve it. Avoid raw blood products. (One version has Gui Xin, 1 liang. Bi Xiao Fang states it treats epigastric hardness and pain due to Wei Fan cold pathology, long-term progression to Fei Wei (Lung Atrophy). Same as Bei Ji Fang, Ji Yan Fang, Qian Jin Fang, Zhang Wen Zhong Fang, from Volume 4.)
Emergency Rescue Formula: For Wei Fan.
In my youth, I suffered from this disease. After eating cakes, soups, or porridge, I would vomit shortly after. During the Zhenguan era, physicians such as Xu Fengyu and his brothers, and Chai Jiang, who were renowned, were ordered by imperial decree to treat me. Despite their utmost efforts, the illness did not heal. I became increasingly emaciated and weak, nearing death. Suddenly, a guard suggested that donkey urine was extremely effective. On that day, I took 2 he of donkey urine before eating, and only half was vomited. At dusk, I took another 2 he. When eating porridge at nightfall, the vomiting stopped completely. This was reported at noon. Within the Imperial Palace, five or six others suffering from Wei Fan took the same remedy and recovered simultaneously. This medicine is slightly toxic; do not overdose. Catch the urine and take 2 he while hot. If the disease has persisted for seven days, it is beneficial. Later, it cured many others. (Bi Xiao Fang is identical, from Volume 6. Tong An notes: Donkey urine treats insect-related obstruction.)
Bi Xiao Ren Shen Tang (Effective Ginseng Decoction): Mainly for rebellious Stomach Qi failing to digest, continuous vomiting of food.
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma) Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (2 liang each) Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Roasted) Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) (3 liang each) Fu Ling (Poria, 4 liang) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma, 8 liang) Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber Dehearted, 2 sheng) Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, 1 sheng) Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1.5 liang)
Cut the above eleven ingredients. Boil in 1.2 dou of water until reduced to 3.2 sheng. Take 8 he per dose, three times daily and once at night. For frail patients, take less than 6 he, and remove Da Huang. Avoid Hai Zao, Song Cai, acidic foods, raw Cong, Yang Rou (Mutton), and Yi Tang (Maltose). (Same as Qian Jin Fang.)
Another Formula: For Wei Fan with morning intake/evening vomiting or evening intake/morning vomiting, unresponsive to other medicines.
Remove fat membrane from Yang Rou (Mutton), make into dried meat jerky. Eat freely with Hao Suan (Good Garlic) on an empty stomach. Immediate effect is expected.
Another Formula: For Wei Fan with vomiting of water and food.
Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 4 liang) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Roasted, 2 liang)
Cut the above two ingredients. Boil in 3 sheng of water until reduced to 1 sheng. Strain. Divide into two warm doses. If improvement occurs, take another course after two days. Miraculous efficacy. Not transmitted in Qian Jin Fang. Avoid Hai Zao and Song Cai. (Originally from Zhang Zhong Jing's Shanghan Lun, from Volume 2.)
Wan Quan Formula: For Spleen and Stomach disharmony causing vomiting, failure to digest food and water, identified as Wei Fan. Ban Xia Yin Zi (Pinellia Drink) Formula.
Ban Xia Zhi (Prepared Pinelliae Rhizoma, 8 fen) Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex Roasted) Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Zingiberis Rhizoma Cut) Zao (Jujubae Fructus) (6 fen each) Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa Japonica Group, 2 he) Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 4 fen)
Finely cut the above eight ingredients. Boil in 2 da sheng of water until reduced to 1 sheng. Strain. Divide into four warm doses. Take two doses on an empty stomach. Avoid Yang Rou (Mutton) and Yi Tang (Maltose). (From Volume 1.)