《病源》黑疸之状，苦小腹满，身体尽黄，额上反黑，足下热，大便黑是也。夫黄胆、
酒疸、女劳疸，久久变成黑疸。（出第十二卷中）
《肘后》疗黄胆变成黑疸者多死，急治之方。
取土瓜根汁服一小升，平旦服至食时，病从小便去则愈。不忌，先须量病患气力，不得
多服，力衰则起不得。（《千金》并《翼》、文仲、《集验》、崔氏、《删繁》、《范汪》并
同，出第一卷中）
《深师》疗黑疸身体及大便正黑。赤小豆茯苓汤方。
赤小豆（三十枚） 茯苓（六铢） 瓜蒂（四铢） 雄黄（二铢） 甘草（半两炙） 女
葳（四铢）
上六味，切，以水三升，煮小豆、茯苓，取八合汁，捣后四药为散，取前汁调半钱匕，
适寒温服之。须臾当吐，吐则愈。一方云，疗久黄胆。忌大醋、海藻、菘菜。（《千金方》
名赤苓散，《千金翼》同，出第二十卷中）
《千金翼》茵陈丸 主黑疸，身体暗黑，小便涩，体重方。
茯苓（四分） 茵陈（一两） 枳实（五分炒黄） 白术（五分土炒） 半夏（三两洗）
甘遂
（一分） 杏仁（三分去尖、皮） 蜀椒（二升汗） 当归（二分） 葶苈子（四分熬） 大
黄（三分
上十二味捣筛，蜜和丸如梧子。空肚饮服三丸，日三服。忌羊肉饧、酢、桃、李、雀肉
等。（出第十八卷中）
《诸病源候论》中黑疸的症状表现是：患者感到小腹胀满，全身皮肤发黄，额头部位反而发黑，脚底发热，大便颜色发黑。黄疸、酒疸、女劳疸（因房劳过度导致的黄疸），若病程迁延日久，会转化为黑疸。（出自第十二卷）
《肘后备急方》记载治疗由黄疸转化为黑疸的方剂，此类病症多预后不良，需紧急救治。
取土瓜根汁服用一小升，清晨空腹服用直到吃早饭的时候，如果病邪从小便排出则痊愈。服药期间没有饮食禁忌，但必须先衡量患者的体力状况，不能过量服用，否则体力衰竭会导致无法起身。（《千金方》及《千金翼方》、文仲、《集验方》、崔氏、《删繁方》、《范汪方》均与此相同，出自第一卷）
《深师方》治疗黑疸导致身体及大便完全发黑的方剂：赤小豆茯苓汤方。
赤小豆（三十枚） 茯苓（六铢） 瓜蒂（四铢） 雄黄（二铢） 甘草（半两，炙过） 女贞子（四铢）
以上六味药，切碎，用水三升，先煮赤小豆和茯苓，取八合药汁，将后四种药捣碎成散剂，取前面的药汁调和半钱匕大小的散剂，温度适宜时服用。不久应当呕吐，吐出来病就好了。另一说法称，此方也治疗久治不愈的黄疸。忌食大醋、海藻、白菜。（《千金方》中名为赤苓散，《千金翼方》同名，出自第二十卷）
《千金翼方》茵陈丸，主治黑疸，症状为身体暗黑，小便涩滞不畅，身体沉重。
茯苓（四分） 茵陈（一两） 枳实（五分，炒至微黄） 白术（五分，土炒） 半夏（三两，洗过） 甘遂（一分） 杏仁（三分，去尖、皮） 蜀椒（二升，出汗处理） 当归（二分） 葶苈子（四分，熬制） 大黄（三分）
以上十二味药捣碎过筛，用蜂蜜和匀制成梧桐子大小的丸剂。空腹时用温水送服三丸，每日三次。忌食羊肉、饴糖、醋、桃、李、雀肉等。（出自第十八卷）
According to *Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Symptoms of All Diseases), the manifestations of **Hei Dan** (Black Jaundice) include: abdominal distension in the lower abdomen, yellowing of the entire body, darkening specifically on the forehead, heat sensation under the soles of the feet, and black stools. **Huang Dan** (Jaundice), **Jiu Dan** (Alcoholic Jaundice), and **Nü Lao Dan** (Jaundice due to Sexual Exhaustion), if left untreated for a long time, may transform into Hei Dan. (From Volume 12)
*Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang* (Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies) records a formula for treating jaundice that has transformed into Hei Dan; this condition often results in death, so urgent treatment is required.
Take the juice of *Trichosanthes kirilowii* root (Tu Gua Gen) and consume one small sheng. Take it from early morning until mealtime. If the pathogenic factor is expelled through urination, the patient will recover. There are no dietary restrictions, but one must first assess the patient's physical strength and avoid excessive dosage, as weakness may prevent the patient from rising. (*Qian Jin Fang*, *Qian Jin Yi Fang*, Wen Zhong, *Ji Yan Fang*, Cui Shi, *Shan Fan Fang*, and *Fan Wang Fang* all concur with this method. From Volume 1).
*Shen Shi Fang* provides a formula for treating Hei Dan where the body and stools are completely black: Chi Xiao Dou Fu Ling Tang (Red Bean and Poria Decoction).
Chi Xiao Dou (Thirty seeds) Fu Ling (Six zhu) Gua Di (Four zhu) Xiong Huang (Two zhu) Gan Cao (Half liang, processed with honey/fire) Nu Zhen Zi (Four zhu)
Cut the above six herbs. Add three sheng of water and decoct Chi Xiao Dou and Fu Ling until eight ge of liquid remains. Pound the remaining four herbs into a powder. Mix half a qian bi (a small measuring spoon) of this powder with the decocted liquid. Take when the temperature is suitable. Vomiting should occur shortly after administration; recovery follows vomiting. Another version states this treats chronic jaundice. Avoid vinegar, seaweed, and Chinese cabbage. (Named Chi Ling San in *Qian Jin Fang*, same in *Qian Jin Yi Fang*. From Volume 20).
*Qian Jin Yi Fang* Yin Chen Wan (Artemisia Capillaris Pill) is indicated for Hei Dan, characterized by dark skin, difficult or scanty urination, and heavy body weight.
Fu Ling (Four fen) Yin Chen (One liang) Zhi Shi (Five fen, stir-fried until yellow) Bai Zhu (Five fen, soil-fried) Ban Xia (Three liang, washed) Gan Sui (One fen) Xing Ren (Three fen, remove tips and skins) Shu Jiao (Two sheng, processed to release moisture) Dang Gui (Two fen) Ting Li Zi (Four fen, roasted) Da Huang (Three fen)
Pound and sieve the above twelve herbs. Mix with honey to form pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take three pills on an empty stomach with warm water, three times daily. Avoid mutton, maltose, vinegar, peaches, plums, and sparrow meat. (From Volume 18).