小儿纯阳多热。心气郁而多疮疽。胎食过而受热毒。犀角散为最。余如常法。大下恐伤
丹溪曰。六阳、六阴经。有多气少血者。有少气多血者。有多气多血者。不可概论。诸
经惟少阳厥阴生痈。理宜预防。以其多气少血。血少肌肉难长。疮久不合。必成死证。或者
驱毒利药以伐阴分之血。祸不旋踵。才得肿痛。参之脉症。若有虚弱。便与滋补。气血无亏
。可保终吉。若用寻常驱热拔毒及纾气药。虚虚之祸如□掌耳。
一人年三十。左腿外廉红肿。一人年四十。胁下红肿二人皆不预防本经少阳血少。孟浪
用大黄攻里而死。
一人年六十。左膊外侧一核。一女髀骨中痛。二人亦不预防本经血少。孟浪用五香十宣
散表而死。
按此分经不致有犯禁坏逆之失。然手少阳少阴太阴。足少阳少阴太阴。俱多气少血也。
手厥阴太阳。足厥阴太阳。俱多血少气也。手足阳明。俱多血多气也。
以上病例。不系膏粱丹毒火热之变。因虚劳气郁所致。只宜补形气。调经脉。疮当自消
。不待汗下而已也。若不详脉证经络受病之异下之。先犯病禁经禁。故致失手。
内消。当审浅深大小经络处。所形脉虚实。如脑背、腰项、臀 、皆太阳经宜黄连羌活
连胁处为近少阳。宜败毒散。形实脉实者。宜漏芦汤、五利大黄汤等疏利之。气虚参 为主
。血虚当归、人参为主,佐以消毒,加以引经。六经分野。各随本经标本寒温气血多少以行
补泻惟少阳一经。治与气血虚同法。(凡栝蒌、射干、山甲、蝉酥、连翘、地丁、鼠粘子、金
银花、木鳖之类、皆内消之药)
小儿体质属纯阳,体内多热。心气郁结容易生疮疽。若胎毒或饮食积滞受热毒侵袭,犀角散最为适宜。其余情况按常规方法处理。若使用峻下法,恐怕会损伤正气。
朱丹溪说:六条阳经和六条阴经中,有的经气多而血少,有的经气少而血多,有的经气多且血多,不能一概而论。各经络中只有少阳经和厥阴经容易发生痈疽,理应提前预防。因为这两经多气少血,血液不足导致肌肉难以生长,疮口久不愈合,必然导致死亡。有人用驱毒利药来攻伐阴分的血液,灾祸立刻就会降临。刚出现肿痛,参合脉象和症状,若有虚弱表现,就给予滋补。气血没有亏损,就能保证最终吉利。如果只用常规的清热拔毒及疏理气机的药物,造成虚上加虚的祸患就像看手掌一样明显。
有一个三十岁的人,左腿外侧红肿;有一个四十岁的人,胁下红肿。这两人都没有考虑到本经(少阳经)血少的特点,鲁莽地使用大黄攻里,结果致死。
有一个六十岁的人,左臂外侧有一个硬结;有一个女子大腿骨中疼痛。这两人也未考虑到本经血少,鲁莽地使用五香十宣散进行发汗解表,结果致死。
按此分经辨证,就不会有触犯禁忌、导致病情逆乱失误。然而手少阳、手少阴、手太阴,足少阳、足少阴、足太阴,都是多气少血的经络。手厥阴、手太阳,足厥阴、足太阳,都是多血少气的经络。手阳明、足阳明,都是多血多气的经络。
以上病例,不属于膏粱厚味、丹毒、火热之变,而是因虚劳和气机郁结所致。只宜补益形体元气,调和经脉,疮疡自然会消退,不需要等待发汗或泻下即可痊愈。如果不详细辨别脉证和经络受病的差异就使用下法,首先犯病了禁和经禁,所以导致治疗失误。
内消疗法,应当审察病变部位的深浅、大小以及所属经络,观察脉象的虚实。如脑背、腰项、臀部等部位,属于太阳经,宜用黄连、羌活;靠近胁部的地方为少阳经,宜用败毒散。形体壮实、脉象有力者,宜用漏芦汤、五利大黄汤等疏通利导。气虚以人参为主;血虚以当归、人参为主,佐以消毒药物,并加入引经药。六经分野,各自根据本经标本、寒温、气血多少来进行补泻。只有少阳一经,治疗方法与气血虚同法。(凡是栝蒌、射干、穿山甲、蝉蜕、连翘、地丁、牛蒡子、金银花、木鳖子之类,都是内消的药物。)
Children possess a constitution of "pure yang" and are prone to internal heat. Depression of Heart Qi often leads to sores and carbuncles. If fetal toxins or dietary stagnation generate heat-toxins, Xijiao San (Rhinoceros Horn Powder) is the most suitable. Other cases should be treated according to standard methods. Using drastic purgatives may damage healthy Qi.
Zhu Danxi stated: Among the six Yang meridians and six Yin meridians, some have abundant Qi but scarce Blood, some have scarce Qi but abundant Blood, and some have both abundant Qi and Blood; they cannot be generalized. Among all meridians, only the Shaoyang and Jueyin meridians are prone to carbuncles and should be prevented in advance. This is because these two meridians have abundant Qi but scarce Blood; with insufficient Blood, muscle tissue struggles to regenerate, causing sores to fail to heal for a long time, inevitably leading to fatal outcomes. Some practitioners use drugs that drive out toxins and promote urination/drainage to attack the Blood of the Yin aspect, bringing disaster immediately upon doing so. When swelling and pain first appear, one must correlate pulse and symptoms; if weakness is indicated, tonification should be administered. As long as Qi and Blood remain un-depleted, auspicious recovery can be ensured. If one merely uses common heat-clearing, toxin-pulling, or Qi-regulating herbs, the disaster of exacerbating deficiency will be as obvious as looking at one's palm.
A thirty-year-old man presented with redness and swelling on the lateral aspect of his left leg. A forty-year-old man presented with redness and swelling under his ribs. Both failed to consider the scarcity of Blood in their respective meridians (Shaoyang) and rashly used Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) to purge the interior, resulting in death.
A sixty-year-old man had a nodule on the lateral aspect of his left upper arm. A young woman suffered from pain within her thigh bone. Both also failed to consider the scarcity of Blood in their respective meridians and rashly used Wuxiang Shixuan San (Five-Aromatic Ten-Point Dispersion) to induce sweating and release the exterior, resulting in death.
By differentiating according to meridians, one avoids errors involving contraindications and pathological reversals. However, the Hand Shaoyang, Hand Shaoyin, and Hand Taiyin, as well as the Foot Shaoyang, Foot Shaoyin, and Foot Taiyin, all have abundant Qi but scarce Blood. The Hand Jueyin and Hand Taiyang, as well as the Foot Jueyin and Foot Taiyang, all have abundant Blood but scarce Qi. The Hand Yangming and Foot Yangming both have abundant Blood and abundant Qi.
The above cases were not caused by changes from rich food, erysipelas, or fire-heat, but rather by consumption fatigue and Qi depression. Treatment should focus solely on tonifying the physical constitution and regulating the meridians; the sores would resolve spontaneously without needing sweating or purging. Failure to carefully distinguish the differences in pulse, symptoms, and meridian involvement before applying purgative methods constitutes a violation of disease and meridian contraindications, leading to therapeutic failure.
For internal resolution (Neixiao), one must examine the depth and size of the lesion, its location within specific meridians, and the excess or deficiency of the pulse. Lesions on the head, back, waist, neck, and buttocks belong to the Taiyang meridian and should be treated with Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) and Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome). Areas near the hypochondrium belong to the Shaoyang meridian and should be treated with Baidu San (Detoxification Powder). For patients with robust physique and excess-type pulses, Loudang Tang (Loudang Decoction) or Wuli Dahuang Tang (Five-Benefits Rhubarb Decoction) should be used to dredge and guide. For Qi deficiency, Renshen (Ginseng Root) is primary; for Blood deficiency, Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) and Renshen are primary, assisted by detoxifying herbs and guided by meridian-specific directing agents. The differentiation of the Six Meridians dictates supplementation or reduction based on the root and branch, cold and heat, and the abundance or scarcity of Qi and Blood in each meridian. Only the Shaoyang meridian follows the same treatment principles as conditions of Qi and Blood deficiency. (Herbs such as Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit), Shegan (Belamcanda Rhizome), Shanjiya (Pangolin Scales), Chansu (Cicada Slough), Lianqiao (Forsythia Fruit), Dingduan (Houttuynia Herb), Niuzi (Arctium Seed), Yinhua (Honeysuckle Flower), and Mibiezi (Momordica Seed) are all herbs for internal resolution.)