七诊脉。诸家经论。不尽分别。今显脉形状。并疾病有可疗者。不可疗者。同论于中。
将明未显尔。
独大者。皮肤壮热。喘息上冲。其脉通度三关。多出少入。与太过相似。两手并极。此
乃不治之疾。
独小者。四体微寒。中膈气闭。复冲两胁。其脉沉沉度于三关。名曰独小。小者气也。
不治之疾。
独寒者。恶寒也。四肢俱冷。伏阳在内。其脉指下沉沉如烂练线。按之不知所在。此不
治之疾。
独热者。四肢俱热。脏腑亦热。其脉洪数。故曰独热。可治之疾。
独迟者。其脉三部俱迟。气在皮肤。致有不安。可治之病。
独疾者。寸关急数。尺脉微虚。热在于胃。致使口干心躁。鼻塞头疼。可治之疾。
独陷者。其脉软。隐在肌肉。阴阳并然。四肢不举。疼痛在骨。名曰独陷。可治之疾。
诊人温病。三四日不得汗。脉大疾者生。脉细难得者死。
诊人温病。 大热。其脉细小者死。
诊人病甚而脉不调者。难瘥。
诊人病甚而脉洪。易瘥。
诊人头痛目痛。卒视无所见者死。
诊人温病下利。腹中痛甚者死。
诊人病汗不出。出不至足者死。
诊人病疟。腰脊强急螈 者。不可治。
诊人热病七八日。气不喘。脉不数者。当后三日温汗。汗不出者死。
诊人热病七八日。其脉微细。小便赤黄。口燥。舌焦干黑者死。
热病不得汗。脉盛躁。得汗者生。不得汗者难瘥。
热病已得汗。脉静安者生。脉躁者难治。
热病脉躁盛而不得汗者。此阳之极也。十死不治。
热病已得汗。脉常躁盛。气之极也。亦死。
热病已得汗。常大热不去者死。
热病已得汗。热未去。脉微躁者。慎不得刺治也。
热病发热。热甚者。其脉阴阳皆竭。慎勿刺。汗不出。必不治。
诊癫病。脉实坚者生。脉沉细小者死。
诊人心腹积聚。其脉坚急者生。虚弱者死。
若腹大胀。四肢逆冷。其人脉形长者死。
诊人心腹痛。痛不得息。脉细小迟者生。紧大疾者死。
诊肠 下脓血脉沉小流连者生。数疾大热者死。
诊人肠 下脓血。脉沉者生。浮者死。
诊洞泄。食不化。下脓血。脉数微小者生。坚急者死。
诊肠 下脓血。脉弦绝则死。滑大则生。凡肠 之属。身不热。脉不弦绝。滑大皆生。
弦涩皆死。
诊诸 下脓血。有寒者生。有热者死。
诊诸肠 。其脉滑者生。浮者死。弦绝涩者皆死。
诊咳嗽。脉沉坚者死。浮直者生。
诊吐血衄血。脉滑小弱者生。实大者死。
诊唾血。脉坚强者死。滑者生也。
夫病吐血而嗽上气。其脉数。有热不得卧者死。
夫病咳嗽羸瘦。脉坚大者死。
诊伤寒咳嗽上气。其脉散者死。谓其形损故也。
诊嗽脱形发热。脉坚急者死。
诊嗽而呕。腹胀而泄。其脉弦弦欲绝者死。
诊诸咳嗽。其脉浮软者生。沉伏者死。
诊人肌瘦脱肛。形热不去者死。
诊上气脉数者死。
诊上气面浮肿。肩息。其脉大不可治。加利必死。
诊人消渴。其脉数大者生。细小浮短者死。
诊人消渴。脉实大病久可治。脉小坚急不可治。
诊人病 蚀肛阴。其脉虚小者生。脉坚急者死。
诊人肠癖筋挛。其脉小细。安静者生。浮大坚者死。
诊人被风不仁痿厥。其脉虚者生。坚急疾者死。
诊人上气喘急低昂。其脉滑手足温者生。脉涩四肢寒者死。
诊人汗出苦衄。其脉小滑者生。大躁者死。
诊人寒热螈 。其脉代绝者死。
诊金疮血出太多。脉虚细者生。实大者死。
诊人阴阳俱竭者。见其齿上如熟小豆。其脉躁者死。
诊人从高跌仆。内伤。胀满。其脉坚强者生。小弱者死。
诊伤寒热盛。脉浮大者生。沉小者死。
诊伤寒已得汗。脉沉小者生。浮大者死。
诊心腹积聚。其脉劲强者生。沉小者死。
诊厥逆汗出。脉坚急者生。虚缓者死。
诊水病。脉洪者可治。微细者不可治。
诊水病阴闭。其脉浮大者生。沉细虚小者则死。
诊水病腹大如鼓。脉实者生。虚者死。
诊泄注脉缓时小结者生。浮大数者死。
诊人内外俱虚。身体冷而汗出。微呕而烦扰。手足厥逆。体不得安静者死。
诊寒气上攻。脉实而顺滑者生。实而逆涩则死。
诊金疮出血。脉沉小者生。浮大者死。
诊人卒得中恶。脉大而缓者生。坚而浮者死。坚细而微者亦生。
诊中恶吐血数升。脉沉细者死。浮大而疾者生。
诊人为百药所伤。脉微细者死。洪大而速者生。
诊老人脉微微。阳羸阴强者生。脉躁大加息者死。阴弱阳强。脉至而代。奇月而死。
诊热病三五日。身体热。腹满头痛。食饮如故。脉直而疾者。八日死。
尺脉涩如坚。为血实气虚也。其发病。腹痛逆满。气上冲。此为妇人胞中绝伤。有恶血
久成结瘕。黍 赤而死。
脉来细而微者。血气俱不足。细而来有力者。谷气不充。得节转动。枣叶生而死。
左手寸口脉偏动。乍大乍小不齐。从寸口至关。关至尺。三部之位。处处动摇。各异不
同。其人仲夏得之。此脉桃叶落而死。
右手寸口脉偏沉伏。乍大乍小。朝来浮大。暮夜沉伏。浮即太过鱼际。沉伏即不至关中。
往来无常。时复来者。榆叶枯落而死。
左手尺部脉三十动一止。又须臾还。三十动一止。乍动乍疏。不与息数相应。其人虽食
谷。犹不愈。蘩草生而死。
右手尺部脉三十动而一止。止而复来。来如循直木。如循张弓弦。 然如两人共引一
索。至立春而死。
七种特殊脉象。各家医经论述，未能详尽区分。现阐明脉象形态，并将可治与不可治的疾病一并论述于其中。
所谓“独大”脉：患者皮肤壮热，喘息气逆上冲。脉搏搏动幅度极大，贯通寸、关、尺三关。脉势多出少入，与脉象太过相似。若两手脉皆极度盛大，此乃不治之疾。
所谓“独小”脉：四肢微寒，胸膈气机闭塞，气逆冲击两胁。脉搏深沉，贯穿三关，名为“独小”。小脉主气虚，属不治之疾。
所谓“独寒”脉：即恶寒证。四肢俱冷，伏阳内郁。脉搏指下感觉如烂练线般沉软无力，重按则不知其所在，此乃不治之疾。
所谓“独热”脉：四肢俱热，脏腑亦热。脉搏洪大而数，故称“独热”，属可治之疾。
所谓“独迟”脉：寸、关、尺三部脉皆迟，病邪在皮肤，导致身体不安，属可治之病。
所谓“独疾”脉：寸、关部脉急数，尺脉微虚。热邪在于胃中，致使口干、心烦急躁、鼻塞、头痛，属可治之疾。
所谓“独陷”脉：脉搏软弱，隐伏在肌肉之间，阴阳之气并衰。四肢不能举动，疼痛在骨，名为“独陷”，属可治之疾。
诊察温病患者，发病三四日仍无汗出。若脉象大且疾速者生，脉象细弱难寻者死。
诊察温病患者，高热。若脉象细小者死。
诊察病情危重而脉象不调和者，难以痊愈。
诊察病情危重而脉象洪大者，易于痊愈。
诊察病中无汗，或汗出不到足部者死。
诊察热病七八日，气息不喘，脉象不急数者，预计三日后当有温汗（微汗）出现；若无汗出者死。
热病已得汗，脉象平静安和者生，脉象躁动者难治。
热病已得汗，但持续大热不退者死。
热病发热，热势甚者，其脉阴阳皆衰竭，谨慎勿刺。若汗不出，必不治。
诊察癫病，脉象实坚者生，脉象沉细小者死。
诊察心腹积聚病，脉象坚急者生，虚弱者死。
若腹部胀大，四肢逆冷，脉象形长者死。
诊察肠澼（痢疾）下脓血，脉象沉小流连者生，数疾大热者死。
诊察肠澼下脓血，脉象沉者生，浮者死。
诊察洞泄（严重腹泻），食物不化，下脓血，脉象数微小者生，坚急者死。
诊察肠澼下脓血，脉象弦绝则死，滑大则生。凡属肠澼之类，身不热，脉不弦绝，脉滑大者皆生，脉弦涩者皆死。
诊察诸种下脓血病，有寒象者生，有热象者死。
诊察诸种肠澼，脉象滑者生，浮者死，脉弦绝涩者皆死。
诊察咳嗽，脉象沉坚者死，浮直者生。
诊察吐血、衄血，脉象滑小弱者生，实大者死。
诊察唾血，脉象坚强者死，滑者生。
凡病咳嗽羸瘦，脉象坚大者死。
诊察咳嗽形体脱失且发热，脉象坚急者死。
诊察咳嗽兼呕吐，腹胀且泄泻，脉象弦弦欲绝者死。
诊察诸种咳嗽，脉象浮软者生，沉伏者死。
诊察上气病，脉数者死。
诊察上气病伴面部浮肿，肩息（呼吸困难需耸肩），脉象大者不可治，若加下利必死。
诊察消渴病，脉象数大者生，细小浮短者死。
诊察消渴病，脉实大病久者可治，脉小坚急者不可治。
诊察病发蚀肛阴（肛门及生殖器溃烂），脉象虚小者生，脉象坚急者死。
诊察肠癖（痢疾）筋挛，脉象小细，神情安静者生，脉象浮大坚者死。
诊察上气喘急，呼吸高低不平，脉象滑手足温者生，脉涩四肢寒者死。
诊察汗出且苦于衄血，脉象小滑者生，大躁者死。
诊察金疮出血过多，脉象虚细者生，实大者死。
诊察从高跌落跌仆，内伤，胀满，脉象坚强者生，小弱者死。
诊察伤寒热盛，脉象浮大者生，沉小者死。
诊察伤寒已得汗，脉象沉小者生，浮大者死。
诊察心腹积聚，脉象劲强者生，沉小者死。
诊察水病（水肿），脉象洪者可治，微细者不可治。
诊察水病阴闭，脉象浮大者生，沉细虚小者则死。
诊察泄注（急性腹泻），脉象缓时小结者生，浮大数者死。
诊察内外俱虚，身体冷而汗出，微呕而烦扰，手足厥逆，身体不得安静者死。
诊察寒气上攻，脉象实而顺滑者生，实而逆涩则死。
诊察金疮出血，脉象沉小者生，浮大者死。
诊察卒然中恶，脉象大而缓者生，坚而浮者死，坚细而微者亦生。
诊察人为百药所伤，脉象微细者死，洪大而速者生。
诊察老人脉微微，阳羸阴强者生，脉躁大加息者死。阴弱阳强，脉至而代，奇月而死。
诊察热病三五日，身体热，腹满头痛，饮食如常，脉直而疾者，八日死。
尺脉涩如坚硬，为血实气虚。其发病，腹痛逆满，气上冲，此为妇人胞中绝伤，有恶血久成结瘕，黍米赤色时而死。
脉来细而微者，血气俱不足。细而来有力者，谷气不充，得节转动，枣叶生时而死。
左手寸口脉偏动，乍大乍小不齐，从寸口至关，关至尺，三部之位，处处动摇，各异不同。其人若在仲夏得此脉，桃叶落时而死。
右手寸口脉偏沉伏，乍大乍小，朝来浮大，暮夜沉伏。浮即太过鱼际，沉伏即不至关中，往来无常，时复来者，榆叶枯落时而死。
左手尺部脉三十动一止，又须臾还，三十动一止，乍动乍疏，不与息数相应。其人虽食谷，犹不愈，蘩草生时而死。
右手尺部脉三十动而一止，止而复来，来如循直木，如循张弓弦， 然如两人共引一索，至立春时而死。
Seven Distinctive Pulses. Various medical classics and treatises do not distinguish them in detail. Herein, the pulse shapes are elucidated, and diseases that are curable and incurable are discussed together.
The so-called "Distinctly Large" pulse: The patient's skin is intensely hot, with panting and qi rushing upward. The pulse beats strongly, spanning the Cun (inch), Guan (bar), and Chi (cubit) positions across both wrists. The pulse force is predominantly outgoing rather than incoming, resembling an Excessive pulse. If both hands show extreme largeness, this is an Incurable disease.
The so-called "Distinctly Small" pulse: The four limbs are slightly cold, qi is blocked in the chest and diaphragm, and qi rebels to strike both hypochondriac regions. The pulse is deep and spans the three positions, named "Distinctly Small." A small pulse indicates Qi deficiency; this is an Incurable disease.
The so-called "Distinctly Cold" pulse: This refers to aversion to cold. The four limbs are cold, with latent Yang constrained internally. The pulse feels soft and weak under the fingers like a rotten silk thread; upon heavy pressure, its location is indistinct. This is an Incurable disease.
The so-called "Distinctly Hot" pulse: The four limbs are hot, and the Zang-Fu organs are also hot. The pulse is Surging (Hong) and Rapid (Shuo); hence it is called "Distinctly Hot." This is a Curable disease.
The so-called "Distinctly Slow" pulse: The Cun, Guan, and Chi positions all present a Slow pulse. The pathogen is in the skin, causing bodily discomfort. This is a Curable disease.
The so-called "Distinctly Rapid" pulse: The Cun and Guan pulses are urgent and rapid, while the Chi pulse is slightly deficient. Heat resides in the Stomach, causing dry mouth, mental restlessness, nasal congestion, and headache. This is a Curable disease.
The so-called "Distinctly Sunken" pulse: The pulse is soft and hidden within the muscles, indicating decline of both Yin and Yang. The four limbs cannot move, and pain is located in the bones. This is named "Distinctly Sunken." This is a Curable disease.
When diagnosing Warm Disease patients who have not sweated after three or four days: If the pulse is Large and Rapid, there is hope for survival; if the pulse is Fine and difficult to locate, death ensues.
When diagnosing Warm Disease patients with high fever: If the pulse is Small and Fine, death ensues.
When diagnosing patients with severe illness but irregular pulses: Recovery is difficult.
When diagnosing patients with severe illness but Surging pulses: Recovery is easy.
When diagnosing headache and eye pain accompanied by sudden blindness: Death ensues.
When diagnosing Warm Disease with diarrhea and severe abdominal pain: Death ensues.
When diagnosing patients unable to sweat, or whose sweating does not reach the feet: Death ensues.
When diagnosing Malaria patients with stiff and rigid lumbar spine and convulsions: It is incurable.
When diagnosing Febrile Disease at seven or eight days: If breathing is not panting and the pulse is not rapid, mild sweating should occur after three days; if no sweating occurs, death ensues.
When diagnosing Febrile Disease at seven or eight days: If the pulse is Micro and Fine, urine is dark yellow, the mouth is dry, and the tongue is scorched, dry, and black: Death ensues.
In Febrile Disease, if sweating does not occur and the pulse is Full and Restless: If sweating occurs, survival is possible; if not, recovery is difficult.
If sweating has occurred in Febrile Disease and the pulse is calm and peaceful: Survival is indicated; if the pulse is restless, treatment is difficult.
If the pulse is Restless and Full in Febrile Disease without sweating: This represents the extreme of Yang. Ten cases result in death and are incurable.
If sweating has occurred in Febrile Disease but the pulse remains constantly restless: This represents the extreme of Qi depletion; death ensues.
If sweating has occurred in Febrile Disease but high fever persists: Death ensues.
If sweating has occurred in Febrile Disease, heat has not subsided, and the pulse is slightly restless: Caution is advised against acupuncture treatment.
In Febrile Disease with intense heat: If the Yin and Yang pulses are exhausted, caution is advised against acupuncture. If sweating does not occur, it is incurable.
When diagnosing Epilepsy: If the pulse is Solid and Firm, survival is indicated; if the pulse is Deep, Small, and Fine, death ensues.
When diagnosing Accumulation and Masses in the Heart and Abdomen: If the pulse is Firm and Urgent, survival is indicated; if Weak, death ensues.
If the abdomen is distended and large, and the four limbs are cold: If the pulse shape is Long, death ensues.
When diagnosing Heart and Abdominal Pain that does not cease: If the pulse is Small, Fine, and Slow, survival is indicated; if Tight, Large, and Rapid, death ensues.
When diagnosing Intestinal Dysentery (Chang Pi) with pus and blood in stool: If the pulse is Deep, Small, and continuous, survival is indicated; if Rapid, Urgent, and associated with Great Heat, death ensues.
When diagnosing Intestinal Dysentery with pus and blood: If the pulse is Deep, survival is indicated; if Floating, death ensues.
When diagnosing Profuse Diarrhea with undigested food and pus/blood in stool: If the pulse is Rapid, Micro, and Small, survival is indicated; if Firm and Urgent, death ensues.
When diagnosing Intestinal Dysentery with pus and blood: If the pulse is String-Tight and Severe, death ensues; if Slippery and Large, survival is indicated. Generally, for conditions of Intestinal Dysentery, if the body is not hot and the pulse is not String-Tight and Severe, a Slippery and Large pulse indicates survival, while a String-Tight and Choppy pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing various conditions with pus and blood in stool: Presence of Cold indicates survival; presence of Heat indicates death.
When diagnosing various forms of Intestinal Dysentery: A Slippery pulse indicates survival; a Floating pulse indicates death; String-Tight, Severe, or Choppy pulses indicate death.
When diagnosing Cough: A Deep and Firm pulse indicates death; a Floating and Straight pulse indicates survival.
When diagnosing Hematemesis (vomiting blood) and Epistaxis (nosebleed): A Slippery, Small, and Weak pulse indicates survival; a Solid and Large pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Spitting Blood: A Firm and Strong pulse indicates death; a Slippery pulse indicates survival.
For patients with hematemesis and coughing with rebellious Qi: If the pulse is Rapid, accompanied by heat and inability to lie down, death ensues.
For patients with cough and emaciation: If the pulse is Firm and Large, death ensues.
When diagnosing Cold Damage with cough and rebellious Qi: A Scattered pulse indicates death, due to damage to the physical form.
When diagnosing cough with physical wasting and fever: If the pulse is Firm and Urgent, death ensues.
When diagnosing cough with vomiting, abdominal distension, and diarrhea: If the pulse is String-Tight and nearly severed, death ensues.
When diagnosing various types of cough: A Floating and Soft pulse indicates survival; a Deep and Hidden pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing patients with muscle wasting and rectal prolapse, with persistent fever: Death ensues.
When diagnosing Rebellious Qi (Shang Qi): A Rapid pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Rebellious Qi with facial edema and shoulder breathing (dyspnea requiring shoulder elevation): If the pulse is Large, it is incurable; if accompanied by diarrhea, death ensues.
When diagnosing Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome): A Rapid and Large pulse indicates survival; a Small, Fine, Floating, and Short pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Xiao Ke: If the pulse is Solid and the disease is chronic, it is treatable; if the pulse is Small, Firm, and Urgent, it is incurable.
When diagnosing erosion of the anus and genitals: A Void and Small pulse indicates survival; a Firm and Urgent pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing intestinal dysentery with tendon spasms: A Small and Fine pulse with a calm demeanor indicates survival; a Floating, Large, and Firm pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Wind-stroke leading to insensitivity, flaccidity, and cold extremities: A Void pulse indicates survival; a Firm, Urgent, and Rapid pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Rebellious Qi with panting and uneven breathing: A Slippery pulse with warm hands and feet indicates survival; a Choppy pulse with cold four limbs indicates death.
When diagnosing sweating accompanied by distress from nosebleeds: A Small and Slippery pulse indicates survival; a Large and Restless pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing alternating chills and fever with convulsions: A Substitute (Dai) and Severed pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing metal wounds with excessive bleeding: A Void and Fine pulse indicates survival; a Solid and Large pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing exhaustion of both Yin and Yang, manifested by teeth appearing like cooked soybeans: If the pulse is Restless, death ensues.
When diagnosing internal injury from falling from height, with abdominal distension: A Firm and Strong pulse indicates survival; a Small and Weak pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Cold Damage with intense heat: A Floating and Large pulse indicates survival; a Deep and Small pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Cold Damage after sweating has occurred: A Deep and Small pulse indicates survival; a Floating and Large pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Accumulation and Masses in the Heart and Abdomen: A Taut and Strong pulse indicates survival; a Deep and Small pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Jue Ni (Cold Extremities) with sweating: A Firm and Urgent pulse indicates survival; a Void and Slow pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Water Disease (Edema): A Surging pulse is treatable; a Micro and Fine pulse is untreatable.
When diagnating Water Disease with Yin obstruction: A Floating and Large pulse indicates survival; a Deep, Fine, Void, and Small pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing Water Disease with abdominal distension like a drum: A Solid pulse indicates survival; a Void pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing acute diarrhea: A Slow pulse with occasional small interruptions indicates survival; a Floating, Large, and Rapid pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing patients with both interior and exterior deficiency, cold body with sweating, slight nausea with restlessness, cold extremities, and inability to remain still: Death ensues.
When diagnosing attacking Cold Qi: A Solid and Smooth pulse indicates survival; a Solid and Reverse-Choppy pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing bleeding from metal wounds: A Deep and Small pulse indicates survival; a Floating and Large pulse indicates death.
When diagnosing sudden Zhong E (Evil Invasion): A Large and Slow pulse indicates survival; a Firm and Floating pulse indicates death; a Firm, Fine, and Micro pulse may also indicate survival.
When diagnosing Zhong E with several shengs of vomiting blood: A Deep and Fine pulse indicates death; a Floating, Large, and Rapid pulse indicates survival.
When diagnosing poisoning by various medicines: A Micro and Fine pulse indicates death; a Surging, Large, and Rapid pulse indicates survival.
When diagnosing the elderly with a Micro pulse: If Yang is depleted and Yin is strong, survival is indicated; if the pulse is Restless and Large with increased frequency, death ensues. If Yin is weak and Yang is strong, and the pulse presents with Substitute characteristics, death occurs in an odd-numbered month.
When diagnosing Febrile Disease at three or five days: With body heat, abdominal fullness, headache, but normal diet: If the pulse is Straight and Rapid, death occurs on the eighth day.
A Chi pulse that is Choppy and hard indicates Blood Excess and Qi Deficiency. The onset involves abdominal pain, rebellious fullness, and Qi rushing upward. This indicates severe injury to the uterus in women, with long-standing bad blood forming a mass (Jia Jia). Death occurs when millet turns red (springtime).
A pulse that comes Fine and Micro indicates deficiency of both Blood and Qi. If Fine yet Forceful, it indicates insufficient Gu Qi (Grain Qi); movement during solar terms leads to death when jujube leaves sprout.
If the Cun Kou pulse on the Left Hand moves abnormally, varying between Large and Small irregularly, shaking everywhere from Cun to Guan to Chi, with each position differing: If contracted in Midsummer, death occurs when peach leaves fall.
If the Cun Kou pulse on the Right Hand is predominantly Deep and Hidden, varying between Large and Small, Floating and Large in the morning, Deep and Hidden at night. Floating exceeds the Yu Ji point; Deep does not reach the Guan position. Erratic and recurring: Death occurs when elm leaves wither.
If the Chi position on the Left Hand pauses every thirty beats, then returns, pausing again every thirty beats, intermittently sparse and unresponsive to respiration: Even if eating grains, healing does not occur; death occurs when fan grass grows.
If the Chi position on the Right Hand pauses every thirty beats, returning after the pause, feeling like tracing a straight piece of wood or a drawn bowstring, as if two people pulling a single rope: Death occurs at the arrival of Spring Equinox.