治大人、小儿时气温疫，头痛发热，肢体烦疼；及疮疹巳发及未发，疑二
之。
升麻 白芍药 甘草（炙，各十两） 葛根（十五两）
上为粗末，每服三钱，用水一盏半，煎取一中盏，去滓，稍热服，不计时候，日二、三
服，以病气去，身清凉为度。小儿量力服之。
治伤寒、温病、时行寒疫，头痛项强，发热恶寒，肢体拘急，骨节烦疼，
膈烦闷。
葛根（四两） 麻黄（去节，三两） 肉桂（去粗皮，一两） 甘草（炙） 黄芩 芍
药（各二
上为粗末。每服三钱，水一盏半，入枣一枚剥破，煎至八分，去滓，稍热服，不拘时候
取汗出为度。
治风化痰，除头目昏痛，颈项强急，往来寒热，肢体烦疼，胸膈满闷，痰涎
喘满，涕唾稠粘，及治时行寒疫，壮热恶风。
旋复花（去梗） 麻黄（去节） 前胡（去芦，各三两） 荆芥穗（四两） 甘草（炒）
半夏（
上为粗末。每服三钱，水一盏半，入生姜三片，枣一个，同煎至八分，去滓，温服，不
计时候。有寒邪则汗出，如风盛则解利。
伤寒十余日，邪气结在里，寒热往来，大便秘涩，腹满胀痛，语言谵妄，
食不下；或不大便五、六日，绕脐刺痛，时发烦躁，及汗后如疟，日晚发热，
有力者，可服。
枳实（去瓤，炒，半两） 柴胡（去芦，半斤） 大黄（二两） 半夏（汤洗七次，切，
焙，
上五味，为粗末，入半夏拌匀。每服三大钱，以水一盏半，入生姜五片，枣一枚，煎至
一中盏，滤去滓，温服，食后、临卧。此药治伤寒内热里实，若身体疼痛，是表证未解，不
可服之。
【升麻葛根汤】
治疗成人和儿童患时行温病及瘟疫，出现头痛、发热，肢体烦扰疼痛；以及痘疹已经发出或尚未发出，对此类情况难以判断时的证候。
处方：升麻、白芍药、甘草（蜜炙，各十两）、葛根（十五两）。
将上述药材捣成粗末，每次服用三钱，用水一盏半，煎煮取一中盏药液，滤去药渣，趁稍热时服用，不限具体时间，每日二至三次，以病邪去除、身体清凉为停药标准。小儿根据体力酌情服用。
【葛根汤加减/相关方义】
治疗伤寒、温病、时行寒疫，出现头痛、项部僵硬强直，发热、恶寒，肢体拘挛紧急，骨节烦扰疼痛，胸膈烦闷。
处方：葛根（四两）、麻黄（去节，三两）、肉桂（去粗皮，一两）、甘草（蜜炙）、黄芩、芍药（各二两，原文此处似有缺字，依常理补全剂量单位，但翻译仅忠实于现有文本结构，故译为“各二...”后接下文，实际处理中需结合语境，此处原文截断，按现有文字翻译）。
将上述药材捣成粗末。每次服用三钱，用水一盏半，加入一枚剥破的大枣，煎煮至八分满，滤去药渣，趁稍热时服用，不限时间，以出汗为标准。
【旋覆花汤加减/相关方义】
治疗风邪引起的痰证，消除头目昏沉疼痛，颈项强直紧急，寒热往来，肢体烦扰疼痛，胸膈满闷，痰涎多导致气喘胸闷，鼻涕唾液稠厚粘腻，以及治疗时行寒疫，高热恶风。
处方：旋覆花（去梗）、麻黄（去节）、前胡（去芦，各三两）、荆芥穗（四两）、甘草（炒）、半夏（原文截断，未显示剂量）。
将上述药材捣成粗末。每次服用三钱，用水一盏半，加入生姜三片、大枣一个，共同煎煮至八分满，滤去药渣，温服，不限时间。若有寒邪则出汗，若风邪盛则病情缓解通畅。
【大柴胡汤】
伤寒十余日，邪气结聚在体内，寒热往来，大便秘结涩滞，腹部胀满疼痛，言语错乱谵妄，无法进食；或者五六天不大便，脐周刺痛，时常发作烦躁，以及发汗后症状如疟疾般发作，傍晚发热，体质强壮有力者，可以服用。
处方：枳实（去瓤，炒，半两）、柴胡（去芦，半斤）、大黄（二两）、半夏（汤洗七次，切，焙，原文截断，未显示剂量）。
以上五味药，制成粗末，加入半夏拌匀。每次服用三大钱，用水一盏半，加入生姜五片、大枣一枚，煎煮取一中盏药液，滤去药渣，温服，饭后、临睡前服用。此药治疗伤寒内热里实证，如果身体疼痛，说明表证未解，不可服用。
[Shengma Gegen Tang]
Indicated for adults and children suffering from seasonal warm diseases (Shixing Wenbing) and epidemics, presenting with headache, fever, and restlessness/pain in the limbs; as well as for cases where exanthems (Chuangzhen) have erupted or are yet to erupt, causing diagnostic uncertainty.
Ingredients: Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Baishao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried, 10 liang each), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 15 liang).
Crush the ingredients into a coarse powder. For each dose, take 3 qian, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, filter out the dregs, and drink while slightly warm. Take at any time, 2-3 times daily, until the pathogenic qi is eliminated and the body feels cool. Children should take an appropriate dose according to their strength.
[Ge Gen Tang Variation / Related Formula Context]
Indicated for Shanghan (Cold Damage), Wenbing (Warm Diseases), and seasonal cold epidemics, presenting with headache, stiffness and rigidity of the neck, fever, aversion to cold, spasmodic tightness of the limbs, painful joints, and oppression/restlessness in the chest and diaphragm.
Ingredients: Gegen (4 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, stems removed, 3 liang), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, outer bark removed, 1 liang), Gancao (honey-fried), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 2 liang each [text truncated]).
Crush the ingredients into a coarse powder. For each dose, take 3 qian, add 1.5 zhan of water and one crushed jujube, decoct until 80% remains, filter out the dregs, and drink while slightly warm. Take at any time, until sweating occurs.
[Xuanfuhua Tang Variation / Related Formula Context]
Indicated for wind-phlegm disorders, eliminating dizziness and pain in the head and eyes, stiffness and rigidity of the neck, alternating chills and fever, restlessness/pain in the limbs, fullness and oppression in the chest and diaphragm, copious phlegm-saliva causing asthma and fullness, thick and sticky nasal discharge and saliva, as well as for seasonal cold epidemics with high fever and aversion to wind.
Ingredients: Xuanfuhua (Inulae Flos, stems removed), Mahuang (stems removed), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, radix removed, 3 liang each), Jingjiesui (Schizonepetae Spica, 4 liang), Gancao (stir-fried), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma [text truncated]).
Crush the ingredients into a coarse powder. For each dose, take 3 qian, add 1.5 zhan of water, three slices of fresh ginger, and one jujube, decoct together until 80% remains, filter out the dregs, and take warm at any time. If there is cold pathogen, sweating will occur; if wind is excessive, the condition will resolve smoothly.
[Dachaihu Tang]
After more than ten days of Shanghan, the pathogenic qi is knotted internally, presenting with alternating chills and fever, constipation and dryness of stool, abdominal fullness and distending pain, delirious speech, and inability to eat; or five to six days without defecation, stabbing pain around the navel, occasional irritability, post-sweating symptoms resembling malaria, evening fever. It may be taken by those with strong constitution.
Ingredients: Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, pith removed, stir-fried, 0.5 liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed, 0.5 jin), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, washed seven times in hot water, sliced, dried [text truncated]).
The above five herbs are made into a coarse powder, mixed evenly with Banxia. For each dose, take 3 da qian, add 1.5 zhan of water, five slices of fresh ginger, and one jujube, decoct until 1 zhan remains, filter out the dregs, and take warm after meals and before bed. This formula treats internal heat and excess syndrome in Shanghan. If body pain is present, indicating that the exterior syndrome has not been resolved, it must not be taken.