单养贤曰∶丹溪先生云∶产后当大补气血为主，虽有他证，以末治之。恐人用消耗之剂，以虚其虚也。予见
世医，但知伤食当消，气满当顺，恶露当攻。罔顾产虚，遽下消耗。不知产妇服消耗药，胃气反伤，满闷益增，
气亦不降，郁积既久，遂成肿胀危证，
谁之咎哉？予于伤食气满证，微加消导于补中汤内，则脾强而所伤食气消散，助血行气，气行而恶露自行矣。又于
误用消食耗气下药，以致绝谷日久者，先用人参汤，送锅焦粉，引开胃口，以救绝谷，然后渐加补脾药，助以
消导。又于误用消耗等药成胀满者，仍用大补气血之剂，不致夭枉。后之学人，须遵丹溪方案，毋私心自用，以
夭人命也。
单养贤曰∶凡病起于气血之衰，脾胃之弱，至产后而虚又甚焉。故丹溪论产后当大补，已尽医产之旨。若能
扩充用药，治产可无过矣。产后气血暴虚，诸证乘虚易袭。如有气不行毋专耗气。有食不消，毋专消导。有
热不可用芩连，有寒不可用桂附。用寒凉则血块停滞，用辛热则新血崩流。至若虚中外感，见三阳表证，似可汗
也。在产后而用麻黄，虑有亡阳之误。见三阴里证，似可下也。在产后而用承气，恐致竭阴之患。耳聋胁痛，乃
肾虚恶露之停，休用柴胡。谵语汗出，乃元弱似邪之证，毋加宣导。厥由阳气之衰，难分寒热，非大补不能回阳
而起弱。痉因阴血之损，毋论刚柔，非滋阴不能活络而舒经。有如乍寒乍热，发作有期，证类疟疾，若以疟论，
病甚难痊。神不守舍，言语无伦，病似邪侵，如以邪论，危亡可待。去血多而大便燥结，苁蓉加于生地，莫投润
下之汤。汗出甚而小便短涩，六君倍用参 ，更加生津之剂。人参生化汤频灌，可救产后之虚危。长生活命丹屡
用，能苏绝谷之人。脱肛久泻，多是血虚下陷，补中益气正宜。口噤筋挛，乃因血燥类风，加人参、生地为最。
产户入风而痛甚，服宜羌活养荣方。玉门伤冷而不闭，先须床、菟、茱、硫。因气而满闷中虚，生化汤加木香为
佐。因食而嗳酸恶食，六君子加神曲为良。苏木、棱、蓬，大能破血。青皮、壳、实，最恶虚中。一切耗气破血
之剂，汗吐下之策，可施少壮之人，岂宜胎产之妇。
大抵新产之妇，先问恶露何如，块痛未除，不可遽加参术。腹疼若止，补中益气无疑。至若汗出亡阳，气虚喘促，
频用加参生化汤，固是从权。如因大热阴虚，血崩厥晕，速煎生化原方，乃为救急，言虽未能尽证，大略如斯而已。
慎斋按∶以上二条，序产后用药之失，而有误治之戒也。
单养贤说：丹溪先生曾说：“产后治疗应当以大补气血为主，即使有其他病症，也应作为次要问题处理。这是为了防止人们使用耗散损伤的药剂，使虚弱的身体更加虚弱。”我见到现在的医生，只知道伤食需要消导，气滞胀满需要顺气，恶露停滞需要攻逐。他们不顾产妇体质虚弱，就急于使用耗散损伤的药物。不知道产妇服用这类药物后，胃气反而受到损伤，胀闷感更加严重，气机也不能下降，郁结积聚时间久了，就会形成肿胀的危重证候，这怪谁呢？我在处理伤食和气滞胀满的证候时，在补中益气汤中加入少量的消导药，这样脾气强健，所伤的饮食和气滞自然消散，辅助血液运行和气的运行，气行则恶露自行排出。另外，对于误用消食耗气下药，导致长期不能进食的人，先用参汤送服锅焦粉，以开胃引食，挽救绝谷的状态，然后再逐渐加入补脾药，辅以消导药。还有对于误用消耗类药物导致胀满的，仍然使用大补气血的方剂，就不会导致夭折。后来的学医者，必须遵循丹溪先生的方案，不要凭私心自用，以免害人性命。
单养贤说：凡是疾病起于气血衰弱、脾胃虚弱，到了产后这种虚弱会更加严重。所以丹溪论述产后应当大补，已经尽到了治疗产后病的宗旨。如果能扩充用药思路，治疗产后病就没有过失了。产后气血突然虚弱，各种病症容易乘虚侵袭。如果有气机不行的情况，不要专门使用耗气的药；如果有食物不消化的情况，不要专门使用消导的药；有热象不可用黄芩、黄连；有寒象不可用肉桂、附子。使用寒凉药会导致血块停滞，使用辛热药会导致新血崩漏流出。至于虚人感受外邪，出现三阳经表证，似乎可以用发汗法。但在产后使用麻黄，担心有亡阳的错误。出现三阴经里证，似乎可以用攻下法。但在产后使用承气汤，恐怕会导致竭阴的祸患。耳聋胁痛，是肾虚且恶露停滞所致，不要用柴胡。谵语汗出，是元气虚弱似有邪气的证候，不要加宣导药。厥证是由于阳气衰微，难以分辨寒热，不是大补就不能回阳并挽救虚弱。痉证是因为阴血亏损，不论刚痉柔痉，不是滋阴就不能活络舒经。如果忽冷忽热，发作有定时，症状类似疟疾，如果按疟疾论治，病情很难痊愈。神志不守舍，言语无伦次，病似邪气入侵，如果按邪气论治，危亡就在眼前。失血多导致大便燥结，应在生地黄中加入肉苁蓉，不要投用润下汤剂。出汗多导致小便短少涩滞，六君子汤中重用参，再加生津的药剂。人参生化汤频繁灌服，可以挽救产后气血虚危之症。长生活命丹多次使用，能唤醒绝食之人。脱肛久泻，多是血虚下陷，补中益气汤正合适。口噤筋挛，是因为血燥类似风证，加入人参、生地黄最好。产户受风而疼痛剧烈，服用羌活养荣方。玉门受冷而不闭合，先需用床根、菟丝子、茱萸、硫磺。因气机阻滞导致中焦虚满闷，生化汤加木香作为佐药。因饮食导致嗳酸恶食，六君子汤加神曲为良方。苏木、三棱、蓬莪术，大能破血。青皮、橘壳、枳实，最忌用于虚证之中。一切耗气破血的药剂，以及汗、吐、下等治法，只可施用于强壮之人，岂适宜用于胎产妇女。
大体上新生产的妇女，先要询问恶露情况，如果瘀块疼痛未除，不可急于加入人参、白术。如果腹痛停止，使用补中益气汤无疑。至于出汗亡阳，气虚喘促，频繁使用加参生化汤，固然是权宜之计。如果是由于大热阴虚，血崩晕厥，速煎生化汤原方，才是救急之法，话虽不能完全涵盖所有证候，大致就是这样罢了。
慎斋按：以上两条，叙述了产后用药的失误，并有误治的告诫。
Shan Yangxian said: Mr. Danxi once stated, "Postpartum treatment should primarily focus on greatly tonifying Qi and Blood (Qi Xue). Even if there are other symptoms, they should be treated as secondary concerns. This is to prevent people from using draining and damaging agents, which would further weaken an already deficient body." I have observed that contemporary physicians only know that food stagnation requires digestion-promoting methods, Qi stagnation and fullness require regulating Qi, and lochia stasis requires purging methods. They disregard the postpartum deficiency and hastily administer draining and damaging drugs. They do not realize that when postpartum women take such drugs, their Stomach Qi (Wei Qi) is damaged, leading to increased fullness and distension, failure of Qi to descend, and after prolonged accumulation, it results in critical swelling syndromes. Whose fault is this? When dealing with food stagnation and Qi stagnation fullness, I add a small amount of digestion-promoting herbs to Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). This strengthens the Spleen (Pi), allowing the damaged food and Qi to dissipate, assisting blood circulation and Qi movement; once Qi moves, lochia flows naturally. Furthermore, for those who have misused digestion-promoting and Qi-draining purgatives, resulting in long-term inability to eat, I first use Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) to deliver Guojiao Fen (charred rice powder), to open the appetite and rescue the state of starvation. Then, I gradually add Spleen-tonifying herbs, assisted by digestion-promoting agents. For those who developed distension and fullness due to misusing draining drugs, I still use formulas that greatly tonify Qi and Blood, preventing premature death. Future students of medicine must follow Danxi's principles and must not act out of selfishness or self-will, thereby endangering lives.
Shan Yangxian said: All diseases originate from the decline of Qi and Blood and the weakness of the Spleen and Stomach; postpartum deficiency exacerbates this condition. Therefore, Danxi's discussion on greatly tonifying postpartum has fully captured the essence of treating postpartum conditions. If one can expand upon these medication principles, treating postpartum cases will be without error. Postpartum Qi and Blood are suddenly deficient, making various syndromes prone to invasion due to deficiency. If there is impaired Qi movement, do not exclusively use Qi-draining herbs; if there is undigested food, do not exclusively use digestion-promoting herbs; if there is heat, do not use Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) and Lianzi (Coptidis Rhizoma); if there is cold, do not use Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata). Using cold-cooling herbs causes blood clots to stagnate; using pungent-hot herbs causes fresh blood to hemorrhage. Regarding deficiency with external contraction, presenting with Taiyang (Greater Yang), Shaoyang (Lesser Yang), and Yangming (Bright Yang) exterior syndromes, sweating therapy might seem appropriate. However, using Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) in postpartum cases risks Yang collapse (Wang Yang). Presenting with Jueyin (Terminal Yin), Shaoyin (Lesser Yin), and Taiyin (Greater Yin) interior syndromes, purging might seem appropriate. However, using Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) in postpartum cases risks exhausting Yin (Jie Yin). Deafness and hypochondriac pain indicate Kidney (Shen) deficiency and lochia stasis; avoid using Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix). Delirium and sweating indicate Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) weakness resembling pathogenic invasion; do not add dispersing and guiding herbs. Jue syndrome (syncope/cold extremities) is caused by the decline of Yang Qi; it is difficult to distinguish between cold and heat, and only great tonification can restore Yang and revive the weak. Jing syndrome (spasm/stiffness) is due to Yin Blood loss; regardless of rigid or flaccid type, only Yin nourishment can unblock collaterals and relax meridians. If there are alternating chills and fever with periodic attacks, resembling malaria, treating it as malaria makes recovery difficult. If the Spirit (Shen) does not reside in its house, with incoherent speech, resembling pathogenic invasion, treating it as such leads to imminent danger. Excessive blood loss causing dry stool constipation: add Congrong (Cistanches Herba) to Shengdi Huang (Rehmanniae Radix); do not administer Runxia Tang (Moisten the Lower Decoction). Profuse sweating causing scanty and dysuric urine: increase the dosage of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) in Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction), and add fluids-generating agents. Frequently administering Renshen Shenghua Tang (Ginseng and Birth-Generating Decoction) can rescue postpartum Qi and Blood critical deficiency. Repeatedly using Changsheng Huoming Dan (Longevity and Life-Preserving Pill) can revive those who have stopped eating. Prolapsed rectum and chronic diarrhea are mostly due to Blood deficiency sinking; Buzhong Yiqi Tang is precisely indicated. Trismus and tendon spasms are due to Blood dryness resembling wind; adding Renshen and Shengdi Huang is best. Severe pain from wind entering the vagina: use Qianghuo Yangrong Fang (Notopterygium Nourishing the Young Formula). Cold injury to the vulva with failure to close: first use Chuanggen (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen), Zhuyu (Corni Fructus), and Liuhuang (Sulfur). Fullness and middle-jiao deficiency due to Qi stagnation: add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) to Shenghua Tang as an assistant herb. Belching sourness and aversion to food due to diet: Liujunzi Tang added with Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) is excellent. Sumu (Sappan Lignum), Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma), and Penglang (Curcumae Rhizoma) strongly break Blood stasis. Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Qiaoke (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), and Shizhe (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) are most detrimental in deficiency patterns. All agents that drain Qi and break Blood, as well as sweating, vomiting, and purging strategies, may be applied to robust individuals, but certainly not to pregnant or postpartum women.
Generally, for newly delivered women, first inquire about the lochia. If blood clots and pain remain, do not hastily add Renshen and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma). If abdominal pain has ceased, using Buzhong Yiqi Tang is undoubtedly correct. As for sweating causing Yang collapse and Qi deficiency with panting, frequently using Jiashen Shenghua Tang (Ginseng-Augmented Birth-Generating Decoction) is indeed a provisional measure. However, if due to intense heat and Yin deficiency with hemorrhage and syncope, rapidly decocting the original Shenghua Tang is the emergency rescue method. Although words cannot cover all syndromes completely, the general principle is as described above.
Shenzhai commented: The above two sections outline errors in postpartum medication and provide warnings against mis-treatment.