茯苓丸(见《妇人规古方》)温胃安胎。治妊娠烦闷头晕,闻食吐逆,或胸腹痞闷。
赤茯苓 人参 桂心 干姜(炮) 半夏(泡洗炒黄) 橘红(各一两) 白术(炒) 甘草(炒)
枳壳(麸炒各二两)
上为末,蜜丸桐子大,每服五十丸,米饮下,日三服。上原方仍有葛根二两,似非所宜也,用者当酌之。
《良方》黄 汤(见《妇人规古方》)治气虚胎动,腹痛下水。
糯米(一合) 黄 (炒) 川芎(各一两)
上水煎,分三服。
七味阿胶散(见《妇人规古方》)治胎动腹痛。
阿胶(炒) 白茯苓 白术(炒) 川芎 当归 陈皮(各一钱) 甘草(炒三分)
上姜、枣水煎服。
泰山磐石散(见《妇人规古方》)治妇人血气两虚,或肥而不实,或瘦而血热,或脾肝素虚,倦怠少
食,屡有堕胎之患。此方平和,兼养脾胃气血。觉有热者,倍黄芩,少用砂仁。觉胃弱者,多用砂仁,少加
黄芩。更宜戒欲事恼怒,远酒、醋、辛热之物,可永保无堕。徐东皋曰∶“妇人凡怀胎二三个月,惯要堕落,
名曰小产。此由体弱气血两虚,脏腑火多,血分受热,以致然也。医家又谓∶安胎多用艾、附、砂仁,热补尤
增祸患而速其堕矣。殊不知血气清和,无火煎烁,则胎自安而固。气虚则提不住,血热则溢妄行,欲其不堕得
乎?香附虽云快气开郁,多用则损正气。砂仁快脾气,多用亦耗真气。况香燥之性,气血两伤,求以安胎,适
又损胎而反堕也。今惟泰山磐石散、千金保孕丸二方能夺化工之妙,百发百中,万无一失。甫故表而出之,以
为好生君子共知也。”(按徐氏此说,见于《胎产须知·治怀胎惯堕之病》。但我认为它是有片面性的。
泰山磐石散即圣愈汤合芩、术加川断、炙草、砂仁、糯米,如气血虚而兼热且无阴道流血者则可,若非有热
而又阴道流血者,则非所宜。)
人参 黄 当归 川续断 黄芩(各一钱) 川芎
白芍药 熟地(各八分) 白术(二钱) 炙甘草 砂仁(各五分) 糯米(一撮)
水一钟半,煎七分,食远服。但觉有孕,三五日常用一服,四月之后方无虑也。
千金保孕丸(见《妇人规古方》)治妊娠腰背痛,善于小产。服此可免堕胎之患。此即良方杜仲丸,
但彼等分用。
杜仲(四两,同糯米炒去丝) 川续断(二两酒洗)
上为末,山药糊丸桐子大,每服八九十丸,空心米饮下,忌酒、醋、恼怒。
《良方》白术散(见《妇人规古方》)治妊娠伤寒内热等证。
白术 黄芩(炒各二钱)
上用姜、枣水煎服。若阴证者不可用。
《良方》三味白术汤(见《妇人规古方》)治妊娠内热心痛。
白术(四钱) 赤芍药(三钱) 黄芩(炒二钱)
上水煎服。忌桃、李、雀肉。
益母地黄汤(见《妇人规古方》)治妊娠跌坠,腹痛下血。
生地 益母草(各二钱) 当归 黄 (炒各一钱)
上姜水煎服。
《良方》钩藤汤(见《妇人规古方》)治妊娠胎动腹痛,面青冷汗欲绝。
钩藤钩 当归 茯神 桑寄生 人参(各一钱) 苦梗(一钱半)
上水煎服。如有烦热,加石膏。
醋附丸(见经痛论外方)
《良方》独圣散(见《妇人规古方》)顺气安胎。治妊娠有所伤触,激动胎元,腹痛下血,极效。
砂仁(不拘多少,带皮同炒,勿令焦黑,取仁为末)
上用热酒调服四五分或一钱。此物有安胎导滞易产之功,实妊妇之要药也。
探胎饮(见《妇人规古方》) 妇人经水不来三月,疑似,用此验之。
川芎(不拘多少,为末,不见火)
空心,煎艾汤调下方寸匕,觉腹中动则有胎也。脐之下动者,乃血瘕也。不动者,血凝也,病也。
《三因》肾着汤(见《古方八阵·热阵》)治肾虚身重,腰冷如在水中,不渴,小便自利,食饮如故,
腰下重痛如带五千钱。
茯苓 白术(各四两) 炙甘草 干姜(炮各二两)
上 咀,每服四钱,水煎,空心冷服。一方用姜四
两、术二两。《良方》每服有杏仁五分,治妊娠脚肿。
《良方》当归黄 汤(见《古方八阵·补阵》)治妊娠下痢腹痛,小便涩。
当归(炒) 黄 (各一两) 糯米(一合)
水二钟,煎一钟,温服。
滑胎枳壳散(见《妇人规古方》)此方能令胎瘦易产。湖阳公主每产累日不下,南山道人进此方。
粉草(炒一两) 商州枳壳(麸炒二两)
上为末,每服二钱,空心沸汤调,日三服。凡孕六七月宜服之。温隐居方加当归、广木香各等分。或加香
附一两亦可。
茯苓丸(见《妇人规古方》)具有温胃安胎的功效。治疗妊娠期间出现的烦闷、头晕,闻到食物气味即呕吐,或者胸腹部痞塞胀闷的症状。
药材组成:赤茯苓、人参、桂心、干姜(炮制)、半夏(泡洗后炒至微黄)、橘红(各一两)、白术(炒制)、甘草(炒制)、枳壳(麸皮炒,各二两)。
制作与服用方法:将上述药材研为细末,用蜂蜜制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用五十丸,用米汤送服,每日服用三次。原方中还有葛根二两,似乎不太适宜,使用者应当酌情调整。
《良方》黄耆汤(见《妇人规古方》)治疗气虚导致的胎动不安,伴有腹痛及下泄水样物。
药材组成:糯米(一合)、黄耆(炒制)、川芎(各一两)。
制作与服用方法:用水煎煮,分三次服用。
七味阿胶散(见《妇人规古方》)治疗胎动不安及腹痛。
药材组成:阿胶(炒制)、白茯苓、白术(炒制)、川芎、当归、陈皮(各一钱)、甘草(炒制三分)。
制作与服用方法:用生姜、大枣的水煎煮后服用。
泰山磐石散(见《妇人规古方》)治疗妇女气血两虚,或者形体肥胖但体质不实,或者形体消瘦且血分有热,或者脾肝虚弱,感到疲倦乏力、食欲减退,屡次发生流产的情况。此方药性平和,兼能滋养脾胃的气血。如果感觉体内有热,应加倍使用黄芩,减少砂仁的用量;如果感觉胃气虚弱,应多用砂仁,少加黄芩。此外,更宜戒除房事和恼怒情绪,远离酒、醋以及辛辣温热的食物,这样可以永远保证不流产。徐东皋说:“妇女怀孕二三个月时,习惯性流产,称为小产。这是由于身体虚弱、气血两虚,脏腑火旺,血分受热,从而导致这种情况。医生们又说:安胎多使用艾叶、附子、砂仁,温热补益反而增加祸患,加速流产。殊不知,只有气血清和,没有火热煎熬,胎儿自然安定稳固。气虚则提不住胎儿,血热则血液妄行溢出,想要不流产怎么可能呢?香附虽然号称能顺气开郁,但多用会损伤正气。砂仁能快脾气,但多用也会耗损真气。况且它们具有香燥的性质,会同时损伤气血,本想用来安胎,结果反而损伤胎儿导致流产。如今只有泰山磐石散、千金保孕丸这两个方子能夺得天工造化之妙,百发百中,万无一失。所以我特意揭示出来,让那些好生之德君子共同知晓。”(按:徐氏的这种说法,见于《胎产须知·治怀胎惯堕之病》。但我认为它是片面的。泰山磐石散即是圣愈汤加上黄芩、白术,再加川续断、炙甘草、砂仁、糯米,如果是气血虚而兼有热且没有阴道流血者可以使用,如果不是有热而又出现阴道流血者,则不适宜。)
药材组成:人参、黄耆、当归、川续断、黄芩(各一钱)、川芎、白芍药、熟地黄(各八分)、白术(二钱)、炙甘草、砂仁(各五分)、糯米(一撮)。
制作与服用方法:用水一钟半,煎至七分,在饭后服用。只要觉得有了身孕,每隔三五天常用一服,到了四个月之后就不用担忧了。
千金保孕丸(见《妇人规古方》)治疗妊娠期间腰背疼痛,容易小产。服用此方可避免流产的祸患。这就是《良方》中的杜仲丸,只是那个方子是等分使用的。
药材组成:杜仲(四两,与糯米同炒至去尽丝筋)、川续断(二两,酒洗)。
制作与服用方法:将上述药材研为细末,用山药糊制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用八九十丸,空腹时用米汤送服,忌食酒、醋及保持情绪稳定不恼怒。
《良方》白术散(见《妇人规古方》)治疗妊娠期间伤寒内热等症状。
药材组成:白术、黄芩(炒制,各二钱)。
制作与服用方法:用生姜、大枣的水煎煮后服用。如果是阴证患者则不可使用。
《良方》三味白术汤(见《妇人规古方》)治疗妊娠期间内热心痛。
药材组成:白术(四钱)、赤芍药(三钱)、黄芩(炒制二钱)。
制作与服用方法:用水煎煮后服用。忌食桃、李、雀肉。
益母地黄汤(见《妇人规古方》)治疗妊娠期间跌打坠伤,腹痛下血。
药材组成:生地黄、益母草(各二钱)、当归、黄耆(炒制,各一钱)。
制作与服用方法:用姜水煎煮后服用。
《良方》钩藤汤(见《妇人规古方》)治疗妊娠胎动不安、腹痛,面色青紫、出冷汗几乎昏厥。
药材组成:钩藤钩、当归、茯神、桑寄生、人参(各一钱)、桔梗(一钱半)。
制作与服用方法:用水煎煮后服用。如果有烦热症状,加入石膏。
《良方》独圣散(见《妇人规古方》)顺气安胎。治疗妊娠期间受到外伤触动,激动胎元,导致腹痛下血,效果极佳。
药材组成:砂仁(不限多少,带皮同炒,不要炒焦黑,取仁研为细末)。
制作与服用方法:用热酒调服四五分或一钱。此药有安胎、导滞、易产的功效,确实是孕妇的重要药物。
探胎饮(见《妇人规古方》)妇女月经停止三个月,疑似怀孕,用此方验证。
药材组成:川芎(不限多少,研为细末,注意不要经过火炒)。
制作与服用方法:空腹时,用艾叶汤调服一方寸匕的药量,如果感觉到腹中有胎动,则是怀孕了。如果脐下跳动,那是血瘕(瘀血积聚成的肿块)。如果不跳动,那是血凝,属于疾病。
《三因》肾着汤(见《古方八阵·热阵》)治疗肾虚身体沉重,腰部冷得像在水中一样,口不渴,小便自利,饮食正常,腰部以下沉重疼痛像带着五千铜钱。
药材组成:茯苓、白术(各四两)、炙甘草、干姜(炮制,各二两)。
制作与服用方法:将药材切碎,每次服用四钱,用水煎煮,空腹冷服。另一版本用干姜四两、白术二两。《良方》每服中加入杏仁五分,用于治疗妊娠脚肿。
《良方》当归黄耆汤(见《古方八阵·补阵》)治疗妊娠期间下痢腹痛,小便涩痛。
药材组成:当归(炒制)、黄耆(各一两)、糯米(一合)。
制作与服用方法:用水二钟,煎至一钟,温服。
滑胎枳壳散(见《妇人规古方》)此方能令胎儿瘦小易于生产。湖阳公主每次生产都几天不下来,南山道人进献此方。
药材组成:粉草(炒制一两)、商州枳壳(麸皮炒制二两)。
制作与服用方法:将上述药材研为细末,每次服用二钱,空腹时用沸水调服,每日三次。凡怀孕六七月时适宜服用。温隐居的方子中加入当归、广木香各等分。或者加入香附一两也可以。
Fuling Wan (Cinnamon Twig and Poria Pill, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") warms the stomach and calms the fetus. It treats restlessness, dizziness, vomiting upon smelling food, or chest and abdominal fullness and stuffiness during pregnancy.
Ingredients: Chi Fuling (Red Poria), Renshen (Ginseng), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, processed), Banxia (Pinellia, soaked, washed, and stir-fried until yellow), Juhong (Tangerine Peel, each 1 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala, stir-fried), Gancao (Licorice, stir-fried), Zhike (Bitter Orange, bran-stir-fried, each 2 liang).
Preparation and administration: Grind the above ingredients into powder, make pills with honey the size of tung tree seeds. Take 50 pills per dose, administered with rice water, three times a day. The original formula also contains Gegen (Kudzu Root) 2 liang, which seems inappropriate; users should adjust accordingly.
Liangfang Huangqi Tang (Huangqi Decoction from Good Prescriptions, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats fetal movement due to Qi deficiency, accompanied by abdominal pain and watery discharge.
Ingredients: Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, 1 he), Huangqi (Astragalus, stir-fried), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum, each 1 liang).
Preparation and administration: Decoct in water, divide into three doses.
Qiwei Ejiao San (Seven-Ingredient Donkey-Hide Gelatin Powder, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats fetal movement and abdominal pain.
Ingredients: Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, stir-fried), Bai Fuling (White Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala, stir-fried), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel, each 1 qian), Gancao (Licorice, stir-fried, 3 fen).
Preparation and administration: Decoct with ginger and jujube water for oral administration.
Taishan Panshi San (Mount Tai Rock-Solid Powder, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats women with dual deficiency of Qi and Blood, or those who are obese but physically weak, or thin with heat in the blood, or with Spleen and Liver weakness, fatigue, and poor appetite, suffering from recurrent miscarriages. This formula is mild and nourishes the Qi and Blood of the Spleen and Stomach. If heat is felt, double the Huangqin (Scutellaria) and reduce Sharen (Amomum). If Stomach Qi is weak, use more Sharen and less Huangqin. Furthermore, one should abstain from sexual activity and anger, and avoid alcohol, vinegar, and spicy/hot foods, thereby ensuring no miscarriage occurs. Xu Donggao said: "When women miscarry habitually at two or three months of pregnancy, it is called Xiao Chan (minor abortion). This is due to weak constitution, dual deficiency of Qi and Blood, excessive fire in the Zang-Fu organs, and heat in the blood component. Physicians also say that calming the fetus often involves Ai Ye (Mugwort), Fuzi (Aconite), and Sharen, but warm tonification increases disaster and accelerates miscarriage. Little do they know that when Qi and Blood are clear and harmonious, without fire scorching, the fetus naturally remains secure. Qi deficiency fails to hold the fetus, while blood heat causes reckless bleeding; how can miscarriage be prevented? Xiangfu (Cyperus) is said to move Qi and relieve depression, but excessive use damages righteous Qi. Sharen moves Spleen Qi, but excessive use consumes true Qi. Moreover, their aromatic-dry nature damages both Qi and Blood; seeking to calm the fetus actually damages it and causes miscarriage. Now, only Taishan Panshi San and Qianjin Baoyun Wan possess the miraculous efficacy of creation, hitting the mark every time with no failure. I hereby reveal them for the knowledge of benevolent gentlemen." (Note: Xu's view appears in "Taichan Xu Zhi · Treating Habitual Miscarriage During Pregnancy." However, I believe it is one-sided. Taishan Panshi San is essentially Shengyu Tang combined with Huangqin, Baizhu, plus Chuanxuduan (Dipsacus), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice), Sharen, and Nuomi. It is suitable for Qi and Blood deficiency with heat but no vaginal bleeding; however, if there is no heat but vaginal bleeding occurs, it is not appropriate.)
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng), Huangqi (Astragalus), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Chuanxuduan (Dipsacus), Huangqin (Scutellaria, each 1 qian), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum), Baishaoyao (White Peony Root), Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia, each 8 fen), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala, 2 qian), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice), Sharen (Amomum, each 5 fen), Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, a pinch).
Preparation and administration: Decoct 1.5 zhong of water to 0.7 zhong, take after meals. Once pregnancy is suspected, take one dose every three to five days; after four months, there is no need to worry.
Qianjin Baoyun Wan (Thousand-Gold Pregnancy-Preserving Pill, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats lower back and back pain during pregnancy and susceptibility to minor abortion. Taking this can prevent miscarriage. This is the Duzhong Wan from Liangfang, except that the latter uses equal parts.
Ingredients: Duzhong (Eucommia Bark, 4 liang, stir-fried with glutinous rice until fibers are removed), Chuanxuduan (Dipsacus, 2 liang, wine-washed).
Preparation and administration: Grind into powder, make pills with yam paste the size of tung tree seeds. Take 80-90 pills per dose, administered with rice water on an empty stomach. Avoid alcohol, vinegar, and anger.
Liangfang Baizhu San (Baizhu Powder from Good Prescriptions, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats exterior cold with internal heat during pregnancy.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Huangqin (Scutellaria, stir-fried, each 2 qian).
Preparation and administration: Decoct with ginger and jujube water. Not applicable for Yin syndromes.
Liangfang Sanwei Baizhu Tang (Three-Ingredient Baizhu Decoction from Good Prescriptions, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats internal heat and heart pain during pregnancy.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala, 4 qian), Chi Shaoyao (Red Peony Root, 3 qian), Huangqin (Scutellaria, stir-fried, 2 qian).
Preparation and administration: Decoct in water. Avoid peaches, plums, and sparrow meat.
Yimu Dihuang Tang (Motherwort and Rehmannia Decoction, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats abdominal pain and bleeding after falls during pregnancy.
Ingredients: Shengdi (Raw Rehmannia), Yimucao (Motherwort, each 2 qian), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Huangqi (Astragalus, stir-fried, each 1 qian).
Preparation and administration: Decoct with ginger water.
Liangfang Gouteng Tang (Uncaria Decoction from Good Prescriptions, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") treats fetal movement, abdominal pain, cyanotic face, and cold sweat bordering on collapse during pregnancy.
Ingredients: Goutenggou (Uncaria Hook), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood), Sangjisheng (Taxillus, Renshen (Ginseng), each 1 qian), Kujie (Platycodon, 1.5 qian).
Preparation and administration: Decoct in water. Add Shigao (Gypsum) if there is irritability and heat.
Cu Fu Wan (Vinegar-Processed Aconite Pill, see External Formulas for Menstrual Pain)
Liangfang Dusheng San (Single-Saint Powder from Good Prescriptions, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") regulates Qi and calms the fetus. It treats abdominal pain and bleeding caused by physical trauma disturbing the fetal origin during pregnancy, with excellent efficacy.
Ingredients: Sharen (Amomum, any amount, stir-fried with peel, do not burn black, take the kernel and grind into powder).
Preparation and administration: Mix with hot wine and take 4-5 fen or 1 qian. This herb has the functions of calming the fetus, guiding stagnation, and facilitating delivery; it is indeed an essential medicine for pregnant women.
Tan Tai Yin (Fetus-Detecting Drink, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") For women whose menstruation has stopped for three months, used to verify suspicion of pregnancy.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong (Ligusticum, any amount, ground into powder, avoid heating).
Preparation and administration: On an empty stomach, mix with mugwort decoction and take one cun bi (square-inch spoonful). Feeling movement in the abdomen indicates pregnancy. Movement below the navel indicates Xue Xia (blood stasis mass). No movement indicates blood coagulation, which is a disease.
Sanyin Shen Zhuo Tang (Shenzhuo Decoction from Three Causes, see "Gu Fang Ba Zhen · Re Zhen") treats kidney deficiency with heavy body, cold waist as if in water, no thirst, free urination, normal diet, and heavy pain in the lower waist like wearing 5,000 coins.
Ingredients: Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala, each 4 liang), Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, processed, each 2 liang).
Preparation and administration: Cut into pieces, take 4 qian per dose, decoct in water, take cold on an empty stomach. Another prescription uses 4 liang Ganjiang and 2 liang Baizhu. Liangfang adds 5 fen Xingren (Apricot Seed) per dose to treat pregnancy edema.
Liangfang Danggui Huangqi Tang (Danggui and Huangqi Decoction from Good Prescriptions, see "Gu Fang Ba Zhen · Bu Zhen") treats dysentery, abdominal pain, and difficult urination during pregnancy.
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelica Sinensis, stir-fried), Huangqi (Astragalus, each 1 liang), Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, 1 he).
Preparation and administration: Decoct 2 zhong of water to 1 zhong, take warm.
Huatai Zhike San (Slippery-Fetus Bitter Orange Powder, see "Ancient Formulas in Furen Gui") This formula makes the fetus smaller and easier to deliver. Princess Huyang had prolonged labor for days; Daoist Nanshan presented this formula.
Ingredients: Fencacao (Powdered Licorice, stir-fried, 1 liang), Shangzhou Zhike (Bitter Orange from Shangzhou, bran-stir-fried, 2 liang).
Preparation and administration: Grind into powder, take 2 qian per dose, mixed with boiling water on an empty stomach, three times a day. Suitable for use in the sixth or seventh month of pregnancy. Wuyinju's formula adds Danggui and Guang Muxiang (Agarwood) in equal parts. Alternatively, adding Xiangfu (Cyperus) 1 liang is also acceptable.