小儿吐泻，有身温者，有身热者，有身凉者，有吐泻成惊风者，有夏秋伤暑吐泻者，有初生三日内吐泻者。仲阳云∶
小儿初生三日内，吐泻壮热不思乳食，大便青白，乳食不消，或白色，是伤乳，当下之，后和胃，下用白饼子，和胃用
益黄散主之。三日以后至十日，吐泻，身温凉，不思乳食，大便青白色，乳食不消，此上实下虚也，用益黄散加减治之。
又伤风吐泻身温，乍凉乍热，气粗，大便黄白色，呕吐乳食不消，时时咳嗽，更有五脏兼见症，当服入脏君臣药，先大
青膏，后益黄散主之。又吐泻身热多睡能食乳，饮水不止，吐痰，大便黄水，皆为胃虚热渴吐泻也，当生胃中津液以止
其渴，止后用发散药，止渴多服白术散，发散大青膏、钩藤饮主之。又吐泻身凉吐沫，泻青白色，闷乱不渴，哽气长出
气，睡露睛，此伤风荏苒轻怯，因成吐泻，当补脾后发散，补脾益黄散，发散大青膏、钩藤饮。夏至后吐泻身壮热，热
症也，或因伤热，乳食呕吐不消，泻深黄色，玉露散主之，五苓散亦佳，香薷散、车前子散、可选而用之。若面色青黄，
知风热在脾，发直怕人，眼不合，是心中有毒液，更胃逆风搐。可服定命丹。
白饼子 见第十四问。
益黄散 见第八问。
大青膏 见第八问。
白术散 见第四十八问钱氏白术散。
钩藤散 见第十六问。
玉露散 见第五十三问。
五苓散 见第五十二问。
香薷散 见第六十问。
车前子散 治暑月伏热，霍乱吐泻，烦闷引饮不止，通利小便。
白茯苓 猪苓 香薷 车前子（各一两） 人参（五钱）
上末，每服一钱，灯心汤调下。肚痛加芍药，泻不止加石莲肉。
定命饮子 见第十六问。
理中汤 见第五十三问。
不换金正气散 治山岚障气，寒热往来，五膈气噎，霍乱吐泻，脏腑虚寒。
浓朴（去皮、姜汁炒） 藿香（去土） 陈皮（去白） 甘草（炙） 苍术（米泔浸、各一两） 半夏（皂荚、白
矾、姜汁同煮、一两）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，生姜三片，大枣二枚，煎七分绞去滓，食前带热服。
二顺散 治伏热中暑，霍乱吐泻，烦闷躁渴，小便赤色，便血肚疼。
猪苓 泽泻 茯苓 白术 甘草（炙） 桂 干葛 杏仁（去皮尖，各一两）
上为末，每服半钱或一钱，新汲水调下。
又酿乳法 治胃虚吐泻，睡中吐舌摇头，吐乳作腥气，额上汗流，多惊啼哭面黄，凡有此疾，宜暂断乳，令胃
干饥甚用药，令乳母酿乳。
人参 木香 藿香 沉香 陈皮 神曲 麦芽（各一两） 丁香（半两）
上 咀，每服四钱，姜三片，紫苏十叶，枣三个煎，乳母食后捏去旧乳汁尽，方服半盏许，卧少时，却与儿乳。
小儿出现呕吐和腹泻，有的身体温热，有的身体发热，有的身体发凉；有的因吐泻引发惊风，有的在夏秋季节因伤暑而吐泻，还有的在出生三日内发生吐泻。
钱乙（字仲阳）说：
小儿在出生后的前三天内，如果呕吐、腹泻并伴有高热，不想吃奶和食物，大便呈青色或白色，乳食不消化，或者吐出物为白色，这是伤乳所致，应当使用下法治疗，之后调和胃气。下法可用白饼子，调和胃气用益黄散主治。
从出生后第三天到第十天，如果出现呕吐、腹泻，身体温度正常或偏凉，不想吃奶和食物，大便呈青色或白色，乳食不消化，这属于上实下虚的证候，用益黄散加减治疗。
如果是伤风引起的吐泻，身体温热，忽冷忽热，呼吸粗重，大便呈黄色或白色，呕吐未消化的乳食，时常咳嗽，并且兼见五脏的其他症状，应当服用入脏治疗的君臣药，先用大青膏，后用益黄散主治。
另外，如果吐泻时身体发热，嗜睡但能吃奶，喝水不止，呕吐痰液，大便呈黄色水样，这些都是由于胃虚热导致口渴和吐泻，应当滋生胃中的津液以止渴，止渴后再用发散药。止渴多服白术散，发散用大青膏、钩藤饮主治。
如果吐泻时身体发凉，口吐涎沫，大便呈青色或白色，烦躁不安且不口渴，打嗝并长出气，睡觉时眼睛半睁，这是伤风迁延日久导致体质轻弱，从而引起吐泻，应当先补脾后发散。补脾用益黄散，发散用大青膏、钩藤饮。
夏至后出现的吐泻且身体高热，属于热症，可能是因为受热，乳食呕吐不消化，大便呈深黄色，用玉露散主治，五苓散也很好，香薷散、车前子散也可酌情选用。
如果面色青黄，可知是风热在脾，头发竖起怕人，眼睛不合拢，这是心中有毒液，更兼胃逆风搐。可以服用定命丹。
白饼子 参见第十四问。
益黄散 参见第八问。
大青膏 参见第八问。
白术散 参见第四十八问钱氏白术散。
钩藤散 参见第十六问。
玉露散 参见第五十三问。
五苓散 参见第五十二问。
香薷散 参见第六十问。
车前子散 治疗暑月伏热，霍乱吐泻，烦闷引饮不止，通利小便。
药材组成：白茯苓、猪苓、香薷、车前子（各一两），人参（五钱）。
制法用法：研为细末，每次服用一钱，用灯心草汤调服。腹痛加芍药，腹泻不止加石莲肉。
定命饮子 参见第十六问。
理中汤 参见第五十三问。
不换金正气散 治疗山岚瘴气，寒热往来，五膈气噎，霍乱吐泻，脏腑虚寒。
药材组成：浓朴（去皮，姜汁炒）、藿香（去土）、陈皮（去白）、甘草（炙）、苍术（米泔水浸，各一两）、半夏（用皂荚、白矾、姜汁同煮，一两）。
制法用法：切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，生姜三片，大枣二枚，煎至七分，滤去药渣，饭前趁热服用。
二顺散 治疗伏热中暑，霍乱吐泻，烦闷躁渴，小便赤色，便血腹痛。
药材组成：猪苓、泽泻、茯苓、白术、甘草（炙）、桂、干葛、杏仁（去皮尖，各一两）。
制法用法：研为细末，每次服用半钱或一钱，用新汲水调服。
另外介绍一种“酿乳法”：治疗胃虚引起的吐泻，睡眠中吐舌摇头，吐出的乳汁有腥气，额头出汗，容易受惊啼哭，面色发黄。凡是有这些疾病的，应当暂时断绝母乳，让婴儿胃部排空感到饥饿，然后用药，让乳母通过服药来“酿乳”。
药材组成：人参、木香、藿香、沉香、陈皮、神曲、麦芽（各一两），丁香（半两）。
制法用法：切碎，每次服用四钱，加生姜三片，紫苏十叶，枣三个煎煮。乳母在饭后将旧乳汁挤尽，然后服用约半盏药汁，躺卧片刻后，再给婴儿喂奶。
Pediatric vomiting and diarrhea may present with a warm body, a hot body, or a cold body; some cases develop into convulsions (Jing Feng) due to vomiting and diarrhea; some occur in summer and autumn due to heatstroke (Shang Shu); and some occur within the first three days after birth.
Qian Yi (courtesy name Zhongyang) stated:
Within the first three days after birth, if an infant presents with vomiting, diarrhea, high fever, anorexia, greenish-white stools, indigestion of milk and food, or white vomitus, this is caused by milk injury. It should be treated with purgation, followed by harmonizing the stomach. For purgation, use Baibing Zi (White Pill), and for harmonizing the stomach, use Yihuang San (Golden Yellow Powder).
From the third day to the tenth day after birth, if vomiting and diarrhea occur with a normal or cool body temperature, anorexia, greenish-white stools, and indigestion of milk and food, this indicates excess in the upper jiao and deficiency in the lower jiao. It should be treated with modified Yihuang San (Golden Yellow Powder).
If vomiting and diarrhea are caused by wind-cold invasion, presenting with a warm body, alternating chills and fever, coarse breathing, yellowish-white stools, vomiting of undigested milk/food, frequent coughing, and concurrent symptoms of the five zang organs, one should administer herbs targeting the zang organs. First use Daqing Gao (Green Paste), followed by Yihuang San (Golden Yellow Powder).
Furthermore, if vomiting and diarrhea are accompanied by fever, lethargy yet ability to suckle, excessive thirst, vomiting of phlegm, and yellow watery stools, these are signs of stomach deficiency-heat leading to thirst and vomiting/diarrhea. One should generate fluids in the stomach to quench thirst, and subsequently use dispersing herbs. For quenching thirst, take Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder); for dispersing, use Daqing Gao (Green Paste) and Gouteng Yin (Uncaria Decoction).
If vomiting and diarrhea present with a cold body, salivation, greenish-white stools, restlessness without thirst, belching with long sighs, and sleeping with eyes partially open, this is mild weakness resulting from prolonged wind-cold invasion causing vomiting and diarrhea. One should tonify the spleen first, then disperse pathogens. Use Yihuang San (Golden Yellow Powder) to tonify the spleen, and Daqing Gao (Green Paste) with Gouteng Yin (Uncaria Decoction) to disperse.
Vomiting and diarrhea occurring after the Summer Solstice with high fever belong to heat syndromes, possibly due to heat injury. If milk and food are vomited undigested and stools are deep yellow, use Yulu San (Jade Dew Powder). Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) is also excellent; Xiangru San (Elsholtzia Powder) and Cheqianzi San (Plantago Seed Powder) can be selected as appropriate.
If the complexion is greenish-yellow, it indicates wind-heat in the spleen. Straightened hair, fear of people, and eyes failing to close suggest toxic fluid in the heart, compounded by stomach rebellion and wind convulsions. Dingming Dan (Life-Stabilizing Pill) can be administered.
Baibing Zi (White Pill) See Question 14.
Yihuang San (Golden Yellow Powder) See Question 8.
Daqing Gao (Green Paste) See Question 8.
Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) See Question 48 Qian's Baizhu San.
Gouteng San (Uncaria Powder) See Question 16.
Yulu San (Jade Dew Powder) See Question 53.
Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder) See Question 52.
Xiangru San (Elsholtzia Powder) See Question 60.
Cheqianzi San (Plantago Seed Powder) Treats latent heat in summer months, cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, irritability with incessant drinking, and promotes urination.
Ingredients: Bai Fuling (Poria), Zhu Ling (Polyporus), Xiang Ru (Elsholtzia), Che Qian Zi (Plantago Seed) (each 1 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng) (5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with Deng Xin Tang (Juncus Decoction). Add Shao Yao (Peony) for abdominal pain; add Shi Lian Rou (Nelumbo Seed Flesh) if diarrhea persists.
Dingming Yinzi (Life-Stabilizing Decoction) See Question 16.
Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) See Question 53.
Buhuanjin Zhengqi San (Unchanging Metal Upright Qi Powder) Treats mountain miasma, alternating chills and fever, qi obstruction in the five diaphragms, cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, and deficiency-cold of the zang-fu organs.
Ingredients: Hou Po (Magnolia Bark, peeled, stir-fried with ginger juice), Huo Xiang (Patchouli, cleaned), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel, pith removed), Gan Cao (Licorice, honey-fried), Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome, soaked in rice water, each 1 liang), Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber, boiled with Gleditsia Sinensis, alum, and ginger juice, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush. Take 3 qian per dose, with 1 cup of water, 3 slices of fresh ginger, and 2 dates. Decoct until reduced to 70%, strain, and take warm before meals.
Ershun San (Two-Harmonies Powder) Treats latent heat and summerheat stroke, cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, irritability and restless thirst, dark urine, hematochezia, and abdominal pain.
Ingredients: Zhu Ling (Polyporus), Ze Xie (Alisma), Fu Ling (Poria), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Gan Cao (Licorice, honey-fried), Gui (Cinnamon Twig), Gan Ge (Kudzu Root), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed, skin and tip removed, each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Take 0.5 qian or 1 qian per dose, mixed with fresh well-water.
Additionally, the "Nurturing Milk Method": Treats vomiting and diarrhea due to stomach deficiency, tongue protrusion and head shaking during sleep, foul-smitting vomited milk, sweating on the forehead, frequent fright crying, and sallow complexion. For such conditions, temporarily stop breastfeeding. Allow the infant's stomach to empty and become very hungry, then administer medicine to the nursing mother to "nurture" the milk.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng), Mu Xiang (Aucklandia), Huo Xiang (Patchouli), Chen Xiang (Aquilaria Wood), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel), Shen Qu (Medicated Leaven), Mai Ya (Barley Sprout) (each 1 liang), Ding Xiang (Clove) (0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush. Take 4 qian per dose, decocted with 3 slices of ginger, 10 leaves of Zi Su (Perilla), and 3 dates. After the nursing mother eats, she should express and discard all old breast milk, then drink approximately half a cup of the decoction. After lying down for a short while, she may then breastfeed the infant.