冬瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 泻血益脾,利二便,消水肿,散热毒。
子 (补肝明目)
瓠瓜 性平。长曰瓠瓜,短曰葫芦。
〔宜〕 除烦热,利水道,润心脾。花、叶俱解毒。
〔忌〕 多食令人吐利。患香港脚、冷气者,食之永不除也。
西瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 解暑除烦,醒酒,利便。(谓之天生白虎汤)
〔忌〕 多食伤脾助湿,致成疟痢。
瓜子 (多食动火助热)
菜瓜 性寒。即梢瓜,多用作酱菜。
〔宜〕 宣泄热气,解酒热毒。
〔忌〕 苦寒有毒,不可多食。
甜瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 止渴除烦,利小便,夏不中暑。
〔忌〕 多食破腹。
苦瓜 性寒。
〔宜〕 除邪热,清心明目。
子 (益气壮阳)
南瓜 性温。红色者名金瓜,南人俗名番瓜,北名倭瓜。
〔宜〕 补中益气。
〔忌〕 发香港脚、黄胆并诸疮。
丝瓜 性冷。
〔宜〕 除风化痰,凉血解毒,消浮肿,治肠风。
〔忌〕 多食落发。
王瓜 性寒。即番薯,一名地瓜。
〔宜〕 除诸热邪,益气,散痈肿,愈黄胆,妇女行乳通经。
黄瓜 性寒。一名胡瓜。
〔宜〕 清热解渴,利水道。
〔忌〕 多食致疟疾。
木瓜 性温。即香瓜。
〔宜〕 和胃,滋脾,益肺,止吐,消食,治转筋,除湿痹香港脚。
冬瓜:性质寒凉。
【适宜功效】:排出瘀血,补益脾脏,通利大小便,消除水肿,散发热毒。
冬瓜子:(具有补肝、明目的功效)
瓠瓜:性质平和。长的称为瓠瓜,短的称为葫芦。
【适宜功效】:清除烦热,通利水道,滋润心脾。其花和叶都具有解毒作用。
【禁忌】:多吃会导致呕吐腹泻。患有香港脚(足部肿痛溃烂)、寒气重的人,食用后病情永远无法痊愈。
西瓜:性质寒凉。
【适宜功效】:解除暑热、消除烦躁,解酒醒神,通利小便。(被称为“天生白虎汤”)
【禁忌】:多吃会损伤脾胃、助长湿气,导致疟疾和痢疾。
西瓜子:(多吃会引发内火、助长热邪)
菜瓜:性质寒凉。即梢瓜,多用作酱菜。
【适宜功效】:宣泄热气,解除酒热之毒。
【禁忌】:味苦性寒且有毒,不可多吃。
甜瓜:性质寒凉。
【适宜功效】:止渴除烦,通利小便,夏季不易中暑。
【禁忌】:多吃会损伤腹部(引起腹痛或腹泻)。
苦瓜:性质寒凉。
【适宜功效】:清除邪热,清心明目。
苦瓜子:(具有益气、壮阳的功效)
南瓜:性质温。红色的称为金瓜,南方人俗称为番瓜,北方称为倭瓜。
【适宜功效】:补中气,益元气。
【禁忌】:诱发香港脚、黄疸以及各类疮疡。
丝瓜:性质冷。
【适宜功效】:祛风化痰,凉血解毒,消除浮肿,治疗肠风(便血)。
【禁忌】:多吃会导致脱发。
王瓜:性质寒。即番薯(此处原文可能有误,通常王瓜指赤瓟等,但依原文翻译),一名地瓜。
【适宜功效】:清除各种热邪,益气,消散痈肿,治愈黄疸,妇女服用可促进乳汁分泌、通畅经络。
*注:根据中医常识,“王瓜”并非“番薯”,原文此处可能存在传抄错误或特定语境下的别名混用,但作为翻译需忠实原文。若按字面直译则为“即番薯”。但在中医古籍《寿世传真》中,王瓜通常指Trichosanthes cucumeroides,而番薯是Ipomoea batatas。鉴于任务要求不增添内容,仅做翻译,故保留原文逻辑,但需注意原文表述为“即番薯”。*
*修正思考:仔细核对《寿世传真》原文,王瓜条下确实写有“即番薯”字样吗?通常王瓜与番薯无关。此处可能是OCR识别错误或版本差异。但作为AI,我必须基于提供的文本进行翻译。如果文本说“即番薯”,我就翻译成“即番薯”。然而,考虑到“王瓜”在中医里常指赤瓟,而“地瓜”有时也指山药或红薯。为了准确性,我将直译原文的字面意思。*
*再次检查原文:“王瓜 性寒。即番薯,一名地瓜。” 这在植物学上是不准确的,但在古籍翻译中需忠实于源文本。*
黄瓜:性质寒。又名胡瓜。
【适宜功效】:清热解渴,通利水道。
【禁忌】:多吃会导致疟疾。
木瓜:性质温。即香瓜(注:此处原文称木瓜即香瓜,这与现代中药学中“木瓜”为蔷薇科贴梗海棠果实不同,可能指甜瓜类或特定地方称谓,依原文翻译)。
【适宜功效】:调和胃气,滋养脾脏,补益肺脏,止吐,消食,治疗转筋(肌肉痉挛),除湿痹和香港脚。
Winter Melon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Expels blood stasis, tonifies the Spleen, promotes urination and defecation, reduces edema, and dissipates heat toxicity.
Winter Melon Seeds: (Tonify the Liver and improve vision)
Bottle Gourd: Neutral in nature. The long variety is called Bottle Gourd, and the short variety is called Calabash.
[Benefits]: Relieves irritability and heat, promotes water metabolism, and moistens the Heart and Spleen. Both flowers and leaves possess detoxifying properties.
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption causes vomiting and diarrhea. Individuals suffering from Hong Kong Foot (podagra/foot swelling and ulceration) or cold qi should avoid it, as it will never cure their condition.
Watermelon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Resolves summerheat and relieves irritability, awakens from drunkenness, and promotes urination. (Referred to as "Nature's White Tiger Decoction")
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption damages the Spleen and Stomach, aids dampness, and may lead to malaria and dysentery.
Watermelon Seeds: (Excessive consumption generates internal fire and aids heat)
Vegetable Melon: Cold in nature. Also known as Shao Gua, often used as pickled vegetables.
[Benefits]: Ventilates heat, resolves alcohol-induced heat toxicity.
[Contraindications]: Bitter, cold, and slightly toxic; should not be consumed in excess.
Sweet Melon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Quenches thirst, relieves irritability, promotes urination, and prevents heatstroke in summer.
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption damages the abdomen (causing abdominal pain or diarrhea).
Bitter Melon: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Clears pathogenic heat, clears the Heart, and improves vision.
Bitter Melon Seeds: (Tonify Qi and strengthen Yang)
Pumpkin: Warm in nature. The red variety is named Jin Gua. Southerners commonly call it Fan Gua, while Northerners call it Wo Gua.
[Benefits]: Tonifies the Middle Jiao and benefits Qi.
[Contraindications]: Triggers Hong Kong Foot, jaundice, and various sores.
Luffa: Cold in nature.
[Benefits]: Dispels wind and transforms phlegm, cools blood and detoxifies, reduces edema, and treats intestinal wind (hematochezia).
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption leads to hair loss.
King Melon: Cold in nature. Identified in the text as Sweet Potato, also known as Di Gua.
[Benefits]: Clears various pathogenic heats, tonifies Qi, disperses carbuncles and swellings, cures jaundice, and for women, promotes lactation and unblocks meridians.
Cucumber: Cold in nature. Also known as Hu Gua.
[Benefits]: Clears heat, quenches thirst, and promotes water metabolism.
[Contraindications]: Excessive consumption may cause malaria.
Papaya (Mu Gua): Warm in nature. Identified in the text as Fragrant Melon.
[Benefits]: Harmonizes the Stomach, nourishes the Spleen, benefits the Lungs, stops vomiting, aids digestion, treats muscle spasms (Zhuan Jin), and expels damp-bi syndrome and Hong Kong Foot.