脉左寸洪数。心热口苦。右寸浮数。肺热口辛。左关弦数而虚。胆虚口苦。洪甚而实。
肝热
口酸。右关沉实。脾胃有实热。口甘。兼洪数者。口疮。或为重舌木舌。脉虚者。中气不足
口舌苦服凉药不愈者。宜理中汤。
夫口舌之为病。或为重舌木舌。为糜烂生疮之类。经云。肝热则口酸。心热则口苦。脾
热则
口甘。肺热则口辛。肾热则口咸。有口淡者。胃热也。口臭者。乃脏腑臊腐之气。蕴积于胸
臆之间。而生热冲发于口也。口疮者。脾气凝滞。加之风热而然也。治当以清胃泻火汤
方之。此正治之法也。如服凉药不已者。乃上焦虚热。中焦虚寒。下焦虚火。各
经传变所致。当分别而治之。如发热作渴饮水口疮者。上焦虚热也。补中益气汤主之。如手
足冷。肚腹作痛。大便不实。饮食少思口疮者。中焦虚寒也。附子理中汤主之。如晡热内热
不时而热。作渴痰唾。小便频数口疮者。下焦阴火也。六味地黄丸主之。如食少便滑。面
黄。肢冷。火衰土虚也。八味丸主之。若热来复去。昼见夜伏。夜见昼伏。不时而动。或无
定处。若从
脚起。乃无根之火。亦用八味丸。及十全大补汤。加麦门、五味。更以附子末。唾津调搽涌
泉
穴。若概用凉药。损伤生气。为害非轻。一论心肺蕴热。口疮咽痛。膈闷。小便淋浊不利。
清金导赤散
黄连（六分） 黄芩（一钱五分） 栀子（二钱） 木通（二钱） 泽泻（二钱） 生地黄（四钱）
麦门冬（三钱） 甘草（八分）
上锉一剂。生姜三片。水煎。食后频频服之。
一论上焦实热。心胃二经之火。而作口舌生疮肿痛者。并咽喉牙齿耳面肿痛皆效。
清胃泻火汤
连翘 桔梗 黄连 黄芩 栀子 干葛（各七分） 元参 升麻 生地（各一钱） 薄荷（
五分） 甘草（三分）
上锉。水煎。频频温服。
一论饮酒过度。舌本强肿。言语不清。此脾虚湿热。以益气汤加神曲、麦芽、干葛、泽
泻。
一论上焦虚热。发热作渴。饮食劳役则体倦。此内伤气血。而作口舌生疮者。宜补中益气
汤。（方见内伤）根据本方加麦冬、五味子。
一论中焦虚寒。手足冷。肚腹痛大便不实。饮食少思。而作口舌生疮者。以附子理中汤
（方见中寒）根据本方。
一论晡热内热。不时而热。作渴痰唾。小便频数。而作口舌生疮者。此下焦阴火也。以
六味地黄丸（方见补益）根据本方。
一论如食少便滑。面黄肢冷。而作口舌生疮者。此火衰土虚也。以八味丸（方见补益）根据
本方
一论若热来复去。昼见夜伏。夜见昼伏。不时而动。或无定处。而作口舌生疮者。若从
脚起。乃无根之火也。以八味丸及十全大补汤。（方见补益）根据本方加麦门冬、五味子。
一论口疮臭气秽烂。久而不瘥者。黄柏五钱。青黛一钱五分。为末。每用一钱。于舌上
津咽下。
一论口疮。用黄连、川椒。等分为末。每少许搽疮上。噙漱良久。以凉水漱咽。咽喉有
疮。加孩儿茶。
一治口舌生疮。
加味阴阳散
黄连 干姜 青黛 孩儿茶（各等分）
上为末。每用少许搽患处。立效。一方。用五味子为末。掺疮上。即愈。
一治口疮良方。徐杏庄老师传。
生白矾（一钱） 朱砂（二分）
上共为末。敷上立愈。
一论口舌生疮。咽喉肿痛。咳嗽痰涎。清声润肺。宽膈除热。
上清丸 黄滨江传。
百药煎（四两） 薄荷（净末四两） 砂仁（二两） 诃子 桔梗 甘松（各五钱） 寒水石（
二两） 元明粉（五钱） 硼砂（五钱） 片脑（五分）
上为末。甘草熬膏。丸如梧子大。每服三五丸。茶送下。
一论口疮连年不愈者。此虚火也。
玄门丹
天门冬（去心） 麦门冬（去心） 玄参（各等分）
上为细末。炼蜜为丸。如弹子大。每服一丸。噙化下。
一人口内如无皮状。或咽喉作痛。喜热饮食。此中气真寒而外虚热。用加减八味丸而愈
一人舌肿舒退场门外。舌者心之苗。又脾之经络。连舌本散舌下。其热当责于心脾二经。
所谓
热胜则肿也。当用蓖麻子去壳。纸裹。捶出油。透纸作捻。烧烟熏之而愈。本草云。蓖麻主
浮肿恶气。取油涂之。叶主风肿不仁。捣蒸敷之。则其能解风肿内热也。可知矣。
一人胃弱痰盛。口舌生疮。彼服滚痰丸愈盛。反泻不止。恶食倦怠。此胃气被伤也。予
以香砂
六君子汤。数剂少可。再以补中益气汤加茯苓、半夏而愈。夫胃气不足。饮食不化。亦能
为痰。补中益气。乃治痰之法也。若虚症而用峻利之剂。岂不危哉。
一人脾胃虚。服养胃汤、枳术丸。初有效。而久反虚。口舌生疮。劳则愈盛。此中气虚
寒
用理中汤少愈。更以补中益气汤加半夏、茯苓而安。夫养胃汤。香燥之剂也。若饮食停滞。
或寒滞中焦。服则燥开胃气。宿滞消化。最为近理。使久服则津液愈燥。胃气愈虚。胃气本
虚而用之。岂不反甚其病哉。亦有房劳过度。真气衰败。或元气不足。不能上蒸。中州不运
致饮食不进。以补真丸治之。若丹田之火。上蒸脾土。脾土一和。中焦自治。饮食自进
何口疮之不愈哉。
一人舌青黑有刺。乃热剧也。良由思虑过度。怒气所得病者。要将舌来土壁上贴之方好
予制此方即效。
清心散
赤茯苓（去皮一钱） 酸枣仁（一钱） 麦门冬（去心一钱） 远志（甘草水泡去心五分） 黄
连（一钱） 胡麻仁（一钱） 枳壳（去穣八分） 小木通（八分） 小甘草（二分）
上锉。水煎。温服。
一男子口臭。牙龈赤烂。腿膝痿软。或用黄柏等药。益甚。时或口咸。此肾胃虚热。以
六味丸治之。悉愈。
一治口疮喉痛牙疼妙药。陈上余传。
硼砂（一钱） 孩儿茶（二分） 雄黄（二分） 青黛（七分） 胡黄连（三分） 冰片（一厘）
玄明粉（二厘）
上共研末。搽上。
一香薷治口气甚捷。盖口臭是脾有郁火。溢入肺中。失其清和甘美之意。而浊气上干故
也。一补舌唇方。贾兰峰传。
用鲜蟹烧灰。每二钱。用乳香、没药各二分半。涂之即生肉。如去多唇舌。用川乌、草
乌为
末。摊纸一条。以凉水调合贴之。即不觉痛。可用刀取。如流血。以陈锻石涂之。愈后舌硬
用白鸡冠血点之。即软。
一生舌方。
以活蟹一个。炙干为末。收之。如遇此患。敷上合口即已。
一治舌上肿硬。以百草霜、海盐。等分为末。井花水调敷患处。
又宜真蒲黄末。频掺舌上。内以黄连一味。煎汤服之。以泻心火。
一治舌长过寸。研冰片敷之即收。
一治舌无故出血如泉。槐花炒为末。掺之即止。
一治舌忽胀退场门外。俗云蜈蚣毒。用雄鸡冠血一小盏。浸之即缩入。
一舌吐不收。名曰阳强。
一舌缩不能言。名曰阴强。
一男子舌常破而无皮状。或咽喉作痛。服清咽利膈散益甚。予以理中汤治之。乃愈。
脉象左寸部洪大且数，提示心热导致口苦。右寸部浮而数，提示肺热导致口中辛辣感。左关部弦细数且虚弱，提示胆虚导致口苦；若脉象洪大有力，则提示肝热导致口酸。右关部沉实，提示脾胃有实热，表现为口甜；若兼见洪数脉，则可能出现口疮，或重舌、木舌。若脉象虚弱，则是中气不足所致。
对于口舌发苦，服用寒凉药物无效者，适宜使用理中汤。
口舌部的疾病，有的表现为重舌、木舌，或是糜烂生疮等。医经记载：肝热则口酸，心热则口苦，脾热则口甘，肺热则口辛，肾热则口咸。有口淡无味者，是胃热的表现。口臭，是由于脏腑的腥臊腐败之气，蕴积在胸膈之间，产生热气冲发于口所致。口疮，是由于脾气凝滞，加上风热侵袭所致。治疗应当使用清胃泻火汤。这是正治的方法。如果服用寒凉药物后病情不止，这是由于上焦虚热、中焦虚寒、下焦虚火，由各经络传变所致。应当分别进行治疗。如出现发热、口渴想喝水、口疮的症状，属于上焦虚热，以补中益气汤为主治方剂。如出现手脚冰冷、腹部疼痛、大便不成形、食欲减退、口疮的症状，属于中焦虚寒，以附子理中汤为主治方剂。如出现傍晚发热、体内发热、不时发热、口渴、痰多唾液、小便频数、口疮的症状，属于下焦阴火，以六味地黄丸为主治方剂。如出现饮食减少、大便稀溏、面色萎黄、四肢冰冷，这是命门火衰、脾土虚弱所致，以八味丸为主治方剂。如果发热时来时去，白天显现晚上潜伏，晚上显现白天潜伏，不时发作，或者没有固定位置，如果从脚部发起，这是无根之火，也使用八味丸，以及十全大补汤，加入麦门冬、五味子，再用附子末，用唾液调和涂抹涌泉穴。如果一概使用寒凉药物，会损伤生机，危害不轻。
另一论说心肺蕴热，导致口疮咽痛、胸膈闷塞、小便淋沥浑浊不利，使用清金导赤散。
处方：黄连（六分）、黄芩（一钱五分）、栀子（二钱）、木通（二钱）、泽泻（二钱）、生地黄（四钱）、麦门冬（三钱）、甘草（八分）。
以上药材锉碎为一剂，加生姜三片，水煎煮，饭后频频服用。
另一论说上焦实热，心经和胃经的火气，导致口舌生疮肿痛，对咽喉、牙齿、耳朵、面部的肿痛也都有效。
处方：清胃泻火汤。连翘、桔梗、黄连、黄芩、栀子、干葛（各七分）、元参、升麻、生地（各一钱）、薄荷（五分）、甘草（三分）。
以上药材锉碎，水煎煮，频频温服。
另一论说饮酒过度，导致舌体强硬肿胀，言语不清，这是脾虚湿热所致，以益气汤加神曲、麦芽、干葛、泽泻治疗。
另一论说上焦虚热，发热口渴，饮食劳累后身体疲倦，这是内伤气血，导致口舌生疮，适宜使用补中益气汤。（方剂见内伤篇）根据本方加麦冬、五味子。
另一论说中焦虚寒，手脚冰冷，肚子痛，大便不成形，饮食减少，导致口舌生疮，使用附子理中汤（方剂见中寒篇）根据本方。
另一论说傍晚发热、体内发热、不时发热、口渴、痰多唾液、小便频数，导致口舌生疮，这是下焦阴火所致，使用六味地黄丸（方剂见补益篇）根据本方。
另一论说如饮食减少、大便稀溏、面色萎黄、四肢冰冷，导致口舌生疮，这是火衰土虚所致，使用八味丸（方剂见补益篇）根据本方。
另一论说如果发热时来时去，白天显现晚上潜伏，晚上显现白天潜伏，不时发作，或者没有固定位置，导致口舌生疮，如果从脚部发起，这是无根之火，使用八味丸及十全大补汤。（方剂见补益篇）根据本方加麦门冬、五味子。
另一论说口疮臭秽腐烂，久治不愈者，使用黄柏五钱、青黛一钱五分，研为粉末。每次取一钱，放在舌上，用津液吞咽下去。
另一论说口疮，使用黄连、川椒，等分为末。每次取少许涂抹在疮面上，含漱良久，然后用凉水漱口咽下。咽喉有疮，加孩儿茶。
一治口舌生疮。
处方：加味阴阳散。黄连、干姜、青黛、孩儿茶（各等分）。
以上研为粉末。每次取少许涂抹患处，立即见效。另一方，使用五味子为末，撒在疮上，即痊愈。
一治口疮良方，由徐杏庄老师传授。
处方：生白矾（一钱）、朱砂（二分）。
以上共研为粉末，敷在患处立即痊愈。
另一论说口舌生疮，咽喉肿痛，咳嗽痰涎，具有清声润肺、宽膈除热的功效。
处方：上清丸，由黄滨江传授。百药煎（四两）、薄荷（净末四两）、砂仁（二两）、诃子、桔梗、甘松（各五钱）、寒水石（二两）、元明粉（五钱）、硼砂（五钱）、片脑（五分）。
以上研为粉末，用甘草熬膏，制成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次服用三五丸，茶送服。
另一论说口疮连年不愈者，这是虚火所致。
处方：玄门丹。天门冬（去心）、麦门冬（去心）、玄参（各等分）。
以上研为细末，炼蜜为丸，如弹子大小。每次服用一丸，含化咽下。
一人口腔内感觉像没有皮肤一样，或者咽喉作痛，喜欢热饮食，这是中气真寒而外现虚热，使用加减八味丸而痊愈。
一人舌头肿大伸出嘴门外。舌是心的苗窍，又是脾的经络所连，连接舌本散布于舌下。其热应当归责于心脾二经，所谓热盛则肿。应当使用蓖麻子去壳，用纸包裹，捶打出油，透过纸做成捻子，烧烟熏之而痊愈。本草记载：蓖麻主治浮肿恶气，取油涂之。叶主治风肿麻木，捣烂蒸熟敷之。那么它能解除风肿和内热，就可以知道了。
一人胃弱痰多，口舌生疮，他服用滚痰丸后病情加重，反而腹泻不止，厌恶饮食，倦怠乏力，这是胃气被损伤了。我给予香砂六君子汤，几剂后稍有好转，再以补中益气汤加茯苓、半夏而痊愈。胃气不足，饮食不化，也能生痰。补中益气，是治痰的方法。如果是虚证却使用峻猛利下的药剂，难道不是危险吗？
一人脾胃虚弱，服用养胃汤、枳术丸，起初有效，但久了反而更虚，口舌生疮，劳累则加重，这是中气虚寒，使用理中汤稍愈，再以补中益气汤加半夏、茯苓而安定。养胃汤是香燥的药剂。如果是饮食停滞，或者寒滞中焦，服用它则能燥开胃气，宿食停滞消化，最为合理。但如果久服则津液更加干燥，胃气更加虚弱。胃气本来虚弱却使用它，难道不是反而加重病情吗？也有因房劳过度，真气衰败，或者元气不足，不能上蒸，中州不运，导致饮食不进，以补真丸治疗。如果丹田之火，上蒸脾土，脾土一旦调和，中焦自然自治，饮食自然进，有什么口疮不愈的呢？
一人舌头青黑且有刺，这是热势剧烈。大多由于思虑过度、怒气所得的病。要将舌头贴在土壁上才好。我制作此方即效。
处方：清心散。赤茯苓（去皮一钱）、酸枣仁（一钱）、麦门冬（去心一钱）、远志（甘草水泡去心五分）、黄连（一钱）、胡麻仁（一钱）、枳壳（去穣八分）、小木通（八分）、小甘草（二分）。
以上锉碎，水煎煮，温服。
一男子口臭，牙龈赤烂，腿膝痿软，有人使用黄柏等药，病情加重，有时口咸，这是肾胃虚热，以六味丸治疗，全部痊愈。
一治口疮喉痛牙疼妙药，由陈上余传授。
处方：硼砂（一钱）、孩儿茶（二分）、雄黄（二分）、青黛（七分）、胡黄连（三分）、冰片（一厘）、玄明粉（二厘）。
以上共研为末，涂抹患处。
一香薷治疗口气非常快捷。大概口臭是脾有郁火，溢入肺中，失去了清和甘美的意思，而浊气上干所致。
一补舌唇方，由贾兰峰传授。
使用鲜蟹烧成灰，每二钱，用乳香、没药各二分半，涂之即生肉。如果唇舌缺失过多，使用川乌、草乌为末，摊在纸上一条，用凉水调合贴之，即不觉痛，可用刀取。如果流血，以陈锻石涂之。愈后舌硬，用白鸡冠血点之，即软。
一生舌方。
以活蟹一个，炙干为末，收藏起来。如果遇到此患，敷上合口即已。
一治舌上肿硬，以百草霜、海盐，等分为末，井花水调敷患处。
又宜用真蒲黄末，频繁掺在舌上，内服黄连一味，煎汤服之，以泻心火。
一治舌长过一寸，研冰片敷之即收回。
一治舌无故出血如泉涌，槐花炒为末，掺之即止。
一治舌忽然胀大伸出嘴门外，俗云蜈蚣毒，用雄鸡冠血一小盏，浸之即缩入。
一舌吐出不收，名叫阳强。
一舌缩回不能言，名叫阴强。
Pulse at the left Cun position is surging and rapid, indicating Heart Heat causing bitter taste in the mouth. Pulse at the right Cun position is floating and rapid, indicating Lung Heat causing a pungent sensation in the mouth. Pulse at the left Guan position is wiry, rapid, and deficient, indicating Gallbladder Deficiency causing bitter taste; if the pulse is surging and forceful, it indicates Liver Heat causing sour taste. Pulse at the right Guan position is deep and solid, indicating Excess Heat in the Spleen and Stomach causing sweet taste; if accompanied by a surging and rapid pulse, it may present as Mouth Ulcers (oral ulcers), or Tongue Swelling (Chong She) and Wooden Tongue (Mu She). If the pulse is deficient, it is due to Middle Qi Deficiency.
For bitter taste in the mouth and tongue that does not improve with cold-natured medicines, Li Zhong Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ginger Decoction) is appropriate.
Diseases of the mouth and tongue may manifest as Chong She, Mu She, or erosion and ulceration. The Classics state: Liver Heat causes sour taste, Heart Heat causes bitter taste, Spleen Heat causes sweet taste, Lung Heat causes pungent taste, and Kidney Heat causes salty taste. A bland taste indicates Stomach Heat. Bad breath results from foul odors of the Zang-Fu organs accumulating in the chest and diaphragm, generating heat that rises to the mouth. Mouth ulcers result from stagnation of Spleen Qi combined with Wind-Heat. Treatment should employ Qing Wei Xie Huo Tang (Stomach-Clearing Fire-Purging Decoction). This is the standard treatment method. If cold medicines fail to resolve the condition, it is due to Upper Jiao Deficient Heat, Middle Jiao Deficient Cold, and Lower Jiao Deficient Fire, transmitted through the meridians. Treatment must be differentiated. Fever with thirst and desire for water, along with mouth ulcers, indicates Upper Jiao Deficient Heat; Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) is indicated. Cold hands and feet, abdominal pain, loose stools, poor appetite, and mouth ulcers indicate Middle Jiao Deficient Cold; Fu Zi Li Zhong Tang (Aconite and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated. Evening fever, internal heat, intermittent fever, thirst, phlegm, frequent urination, and mouth ulcers indicate Lower Jiao Yin Fire; Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) is indicated. Poor appetite, loose stools, sallow complexion, and cold limbs indicate Declining Fire and Weak Earth (Kidney Yang Deficiency and Spleen Deficiency); Ba Wei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill) is indicated. If fever comes and goes, appearing by day and hiding by night, or vice versa, occurring irregularly or without fixed location, especially if originating from the feet, this is Rootless Fire. Ba Wei Wan and Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (Ten Significant Tonifying Decoction) are used, added with Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon Tuber) and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Berry). Additionally, Fu Zi powder mixed with saliva is applied to Yongquan (KI 1). Using cold medicines indiscriminately damages vital energy and causes significant harm.
Another discussion on Heart and Lung Heat accumulation causing mouth ulcers, sore throat, chest oppression, and turbid, difficult urination employs Qing Jin Dao Chi San (Clear Metal and Guide Out Red Powder).
Formula: Huang Lian (6 fen), Huang Qin (1.5 qian), Zhi Zi (2 qian), Mu Tong (2 qian), Ze Xie (2 qian), Sheng Di Huang (4 qian), Mai Men Dong (3 qian), Gan Cao (8 fen).
Crush into one dose, add three slices of fresh ginger, decoct in water, and take frequently after meals.
Another discussion on Upper Jiao Excess Heat, Fire from the Heart and Stomach meridians causing painful swelling and ulcers in the mouth and tongue, which is also effective for soreness and swelling of the throat, teeth, ears, and face.
Formula: Qing Wei Xie Huo Tang. Lian Qiao, Jie Geng, Huang Lian, Huang Qin, Zhi Zi, Ge Gen (each 7 fen), Yuan Shen, Sheng Ma, Sheng Di (each 1 qian), Bo He (5 fen), Gan Cao (3 fen).
Crush, decoct in water, and take warm frequently.
Another discussion on excessive alcohol consumption causing a stiff, swollen tongue base and unclear speech, attributed to Spleen Deficiency with Damp-Heat. Yi Qi Tang is used with Shen Qu, Mai Ya, Ge Gen, and Ze Xie.
Another discussion on Upper Jiao Deficient Heat, fever, thirst, fatigue after eating or labor, indicating internal injury to Qi and Blood causing mouth ulcers. Bu Zhong Yi Tang is indicated. (See Internal Injury section for formula.) Add Mai Dong and Wu Wei Zi to this formula.
Another discussion on Middle Jiao Deficient Cold, cold hands and feet, abdominal pain, loose stools, poor appetite, causing mouth ulcers. Fu Zi Li Zhong Tang is indicated. (See Middle Cold section for formula.) Use this formula.
Another discussion on evening fever, internal heat, intermittent fever, thirst, phlegm, frequent urination, causing mouth ulcers, attributed to Lower Jiao Yin Fire. Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is indicated. (See Tonification section for formula.) Use this formula.
Another discussion on poor appetite, loose stools, sallow complexion, cold limbs, causing mouth ulcers, attributed to Declining Fire and Weak Earth. Ba Wei Wan is indicated. (See Tonification section for formula.) Use this formula.
Another discussion on fever coming and going, appearing by day and hiding by night, or vice versa, occurring irregularly or without fixed location, causing mouth ulcers, especially if originating from the feet, indicating Rootless Fire. Ba Wei Wan and Shi Quan Da Bu Tang are used. (See Tonification section for formula.) Add Mai Men Dong and Wu Wei Zi to this formula.
Another discussion on foul-smelling, rotting mouth ulcers that do not heal for a long time. Huang Bai (5 qian) and Qing Dai (1.5 qian) are powdered. Take 1 qian each time, place on the tongue, and swallow with saliva.
Another discussion on mouth ulcers using Huang Lian and Chuan Jiao in equal parts, powdered. Apply a small amount to the ulcer, hold in the mouth for a long time, then rinse with cool water. For throat ulcers, add Hai Er Cha.
One treatment for mouth and tongue ulcers.
Formula: Jia Wei Yin Yang San. Huang Lian, Gan Jiang, Qing Dai, Hai Er Cha (equal parts).
Powder them. Apply a small amount to the affected area for immediate effect. Another method uses Wu Wei Zi powder sprinkled on the ulcer for cure.
One excellent prescription for mouth ulcers, passed down by Teacher Xu Xingzhuang.
Formula: Sheng Bai Fan (1 qian), Zhu Sha (2 fen).
Grind together into powder and apply to the lesion for immediate cure.
Another discussion on mouth and tongue ulcers, sore throat, cough with phlegm, having effects of clearing voice, moistening lungs, widening the diaphragm, and removing heat.
Formula: Shang Qing Wan, passed down by Huang Binjiang. Bai Yao Jian (4 liang), Bo He (pure powder 4 liang), Sha Ren (2 liang), He Zi, Jie Geng, Gan Song (each 5 qian), Han Shui Shi (2 liang), Yuan Ming Fen (5 qian), Peng Sha (5 qian), Pian Nao (5 fen).
Powder them, use Gan Cao paste to form pills the size of wu zi seeds. Take 3-5 pills with tea.
Another discussion on chronic mouth ulcers lasting years, attributed to Deficient Fire.
Formula: Xuan Men Dan. Tian Men Dong (remove heart), Mai Men Dong (remove heart), Xuan Shen (equal parts).
Grind into fine powder, make pills with refined honey the size of a bullet. Take one pill each time, dissolve in the mouth.
A patient felt like there was no skin inside the mouth, or had a sore throat, preferring hot drinks. This is True Cold of Middle Qi with exterior Deficient Heat. Jia Jian Ba Wei Wan cured it.
A patient's tongue swelled and extended outside the mouth. The tongue is the sprout of the Heart and connected to the Spleen meridians, extending from the root under the tongue. The heat should be attributed to the Heart and Spleen meridians, where excess heat causes swelling. Use Castor seeds (Bi Ma Zi), remove shells, wrap in paper, crush to extract oil. Soak a wick in the oil, burn it to smoke the tongue until healed. Materia Medica states: Bi Ma Zi treats edema and foul qi; oil applied externally. Leaves treat wind-induced numbness; crushed and steamed for application. Thus, it resolves wind swelling and internal heat.
A patient with weak Stomach and abundant phlegm suffered mouth ulcers. Taking Gun Tan Wan worsened the condition, causing diarrhea, aversion to food, and fatigue, indicating Stomach Qi damage. Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang was given, improving slightly after several doses. Then, Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang added with Fu Ling and Ban Xia cured it. Insufficient Stomach Qi leads to undigested food generating phlegm. Tonifying the Middle and Augmenting Qi is a method to treat phlegm. Using harsh purgatives for deficiency is dangerous.
A patient with weak Spleen and Stomach took Yang Wei Tang and Zhi Zhu Wan. Initially effective, but long-term use caused more deficiency, mouth ulcers worsening with fatigue. This is Middle Qi Deficient Cold. Li Zhong Tang provided slight improvement, followed by An Ding with Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang added with Ban Xia and Fu Ling. Yang Wei Tang is aromatic and drying. It is suitable for food stagnation or Cold stagnation in the Middle Jiao, as it dries the Stomach Qi and digests stagnation. However, long-term use dries fluids and weakens Stomach Qi further. Using it on an already weak Stomach aggravates the disease. Sexual exhaustion leading to depleted True Qi or insufficient Yuan Qi failing to ascend, causing Middle Jiao dysfunction and loss of appetite, is treated with Bu Zhen Wan. If Dantian Fire ascends to warm Spleen Earth, harmony is restored, Middle Jiao regulates itself, appetite returns, and mouth ulcers heal.
A patient with a blue-black, prickly tongue indicated severe Heat, often caused by excessive worry and anger. Placing the tongue on a clay wall was said to help. I formulated this prescription for immediate effect.
Formula: Qing Xin San. Chi Fu Ling (peeled, 1 qian), Suan Zao Ren (1 qian), Mai Men Dong (remove heart, 1 qian), Yuan Zhi (soaked in Licorice water, remove heart, 5 fen), Huang Lian (1 qian), Hu Ma Ren (1 qian), Zhi Ke (remove pith, 8 fen), Xiao Mu Tong (8 fen), Xiao Gan Cao (2 fen).
Crush, decoct in water, and take warm.
A male patient with bad breath, red and rotten gums, and weak legs and knees took Huang Bai and other herbs, worsening the condition, sometimes with a salty taste. This is Kidney and Stomach Deficient Heat. Liu Wei Wan cured all symptoms.
One wonderful medicine for mouth ulcers, sore throat, and toothache, passed down by Chen Shangyu.
Formula: Peng Sha (1 qian), Hai Er Cha (2 fen), Xiong Huang (2 fen), Qing Dai (7 fen), Hu Huang Lian (3 fen), Bing Pian (1 li), Xuan Ming Fen (2 li).
Grind together into powder and apply.
Xiang Ru treats halitosis very effectively. Halitosis is due to stagnant Fire in the Spleen overflowing into the Lung, losing its clear, harmonious, and sweet nature, allowing turbid Qi to rise.
One prescription to regenerate tongue and lip tissue, passed down by Jia Lanfeng.
Burn fresh crab to ash. Take 2 qian, mix with Ru Xiang and Mo Yao (each 2.5 fen), apply to regenerate flesh. If lips or tongue are largely missing, use Chuan Wu and Cao Wu powder spread on paper, mixed with cool water, and applied. It is painless and can be cut off if necessary. If bleeding occurs, apply Chen Duan Shi. After healing, if the tongue is hard, apply blood from a white rooster comb to soften it.
One prescription to grow tongue tissue.
Dry one live crab, powder it, and store. Apply when needed to close the wound.
One treatment for swollen and hard tongue.
Use Bai Cao Shuang and Hai Yan in equal parts, powdered, mixed with well water, and applied to the lesion.
Also, frequently sprinkle Zhen Pu Huang powder on the tongue. Internally, decoct Huang Lian alone in water and drink to purge Heart Fire.
One treatment for a tongue extending over one cun. Apply ground Bing Pian to retract it.
One treatment for spontaneous tongue bleeding like a spring. Stir-fry Huai Hua, powder it, and sprinkle to stop bleeding.
One treatment for sudden tongue swelling extending outside the mouth, commonly called centipede poison. Immerse in a small cup of blood from a male rooster comb to retract it.
Tongue protrusion without retraction is named Yang Qiang.
Tongue retraction preventing speech is named Yin Qiang.
A male patient with constant tongue abrasions lacking skin, or sore throat, worsened by Qing Yan Li Ge San. I treated him with Li Zhong Tang, resulting in recovery.