小儿周岁当切脉，位小一指定三关，浮脉轻取皮肤得，沉脉重取筋骨间。一息六至平和脉，过则为数减迟传，滑脉
如珠多流利，涩脉滞涩往来艰。三部无力为虚脉，三部有力作实言，中取无力为芤脉，微脉微细有无间。洪脉来盛去无
力，数缓时止促结占，紧脉左右如转索，弦则端直张弓弦。浮为在表外感病，沉为在里内伤端，数为在腑属阳热，迟为
在脏乃阴寒。滑痰洪火微怯弱，弦饮结聚促惊痫，芤主失血涩血少，沉紧腹痛浮感寒。虚主诸虚不足病，实主诸实有余
看，痘疹欲发脉洪紧，大小不匀中恶勘。一息三至虚寒极，九至十至热极炎，一二十一十二死，浮散无根沉伏难。表里
阴阳虚实诊，惟在儿科随证参。
【注】周岁者，一岁也。有疾则当切脉，但部位甚小，不能以三指诊之，须用一指以
定三关。三关者，寸、关、尺也。浮脉者，轻取皮肤之上即得，故曰浮也。沉脉者，重按
筋骨之间则见，故曰沉也。一息者，人之一呼一吸也。至者，脉之至数也。一息六至为
和平之脉，则曰无疾。至数若过者，七至、八至也，谓之数脉；至数若减者，四至、五至
也，谓之迟脉。滑脉如珠，往来流利；涩脉滞涩，往来艰难。三部者，脉之浮、中、沉
也。浮、中、沉三部无力为虚，浮、中、沉三部有力为实。芤脉者，中取无力；微脉者，
按之微细，若有若无；洪脉者，来时虽盛，去时无力；促脉者，数而时止；结脉者，缓而
时止；紧脉者，左右如转索之象；弦脉者，端直如张弓弦，此皆言脉之形象至数也。浮脉
病在表，外感风寒也；沉脉病在里，内伤饮食也。数脉，病在六腑属阳也；迟脉，病在
五脏属阴也。滑主痰盛，洪主火热，微主怯弱之证。弦主停饮，结主积聚，促主惊痫，芤
主失血，涩主血少。沉紧主腹痛，浮紧主感寒。虚为不足，主诸虚；实为有余，主诸实。
洪紧者，痘疹欲发也。大小不匀者，中恶之证也。一息三至是虚寒之极，九至十至乃火
热太甚。此诸脉所主之病也。若一息只一至、二至，或十一、十二至者，皆死脉也。浮散
无根及沉浮取之不应指者，皆难治之脉也。凡病之阴阳表里虚实，虽可以诊脉而得，惟临
证时合望、闻、问三者，细为参考焉。
小儿满周岁时应当进行切脉诊断，由于小儿寸口部位狭小，需用一指同时诊察寸、关、尺三关。浮脉是轻取皮肤表面即可感知到的脉象；沉脉是重按至筋骨之间才能感知到的脉象。一呼一吸之间脉搏跳动六次为平和之脉，若超过此数为数脉，少于次数为迟脉。滑脉如珠子滚动般多且流利；涩脉往来艰涩不畅。三部（浮、中、沉）均无力为虚脉，三部均有力为实脉。中取无力为芤脉，微脉极其微细，似有似无。洪脉来势盛大而去势无力；数而时止为促脉，缓而时止为结脉。紧脉左右弹指如同转动绳索；弦脉端直而长，如同拉开的弓弦。浮脉主病在表，多为外感病；沉脉主病在里，多为内伤病。数脉主病在腑，属阳热证；迟脉主病在脏，属阴寒证。滑脉主痰饮，洪脉主火热，微脉主怯弱虚弱；弦脉主停饮，结脉主积聚，促脉主惊痫。芤脉主失血，涩脉主血少，沉紧脉主腹痛，浮脉主感受寒邪。虚脉主各种虚损不足的病症，实脉主各种实证有余的病症。痘疹即将发作时脉象多呈洪紧，脉象大小不匀者需排查中恶之证。一息三至为极度的虚寒证，九至十至为极度的热盛证。一息一至或二至，以及十一至或十二至均为死脉。浮散无根及沉伏难寻的脉象均属难治之脉。对于疾病的表里、阴阳、虚实诊断，必须在儿科临床中结合具体证候进行参考判断。
【注】周岁指的是一岁。有病时应当切脉，但小儿脉位非常小，不能用三指诊察，必须用一指来确定寸、关、尺三关。所谓三关，就是寸、关、尺。浮脉，轻取皮肤之上即能感觉到，所以叫浮脉。沉脉，重按筋骨之间则显现出来，所以叫沉脉。一息，指人的一次呼吸。至，指脉搏的次数。一息六至为和平之脉，表示没有疾病。次数如果过多，七至、八至，称为数脉；次数如果减少，四至、五至，称为迟脉。滑脉像珠子一样，往来流利；涩脉滞涩，往来艰难。三部，指脉的浮、中、沉三种取法。浮、中、沉三部均无力为虚脉，浮、中、沉三部均有力为实脉。芤脉，中取无力；微脉，按之微细，若有若无；洪脉，来时虽然盛大，去时却无力；促脉，数而时有间歇；结脉，缓而时有间歇；紧脉，左右弹指如同转动绳索的样子；弦脉，端直如拉开的弓弦，这些都是描述脉的形象和至数。浮脉病在表，是外感风寒；沉脉病在里，是内伤饮食。数脉，病在六腑属于阳；迟脉，病在五脏属于阴。滑脉主痰盛，洪脉主火热，微脉主怯弱之证。弦脉主停饮，结脉主积聚，促脉主惊痫，芤脉主失血，涩脉主血少。沉紧脉主腹痛，浮紧脉主感受寒邪。虚为不足，主各种虚证；实为有余，主各种实证。洪紧脉，是痘疹将要发作的表现。大小不匀的脉，是中恶的证候。一息三至是虚寒到了极点，九至十至是火热太甚。这些是各种脉象所主的疾病。如果一息只一至、二至，或者十一、十二至，都是死脉。浮散无根以及沉浮取之不应指的脉，都是难治的脉。凡是疾病的阴阳表里虚实，虽然可以通过诊脉得知，但在临证时必须综合望、闻、问三者，仔细参考验证。
When a child reaches one year of age, pulse diagnosis should be performed. Due to the small size of the wrist area, the practitioner uses one finger to assess all three positions: Cun (Inch), Guan (Bar), and Chi (Cubit). The <i>Floating Pulse</i> (Fu Mai, Floating Pulse) is perceived by light palpation on the skin surface; the <i>Sinking Pulse</i> (Chen Mai, Sinking Pulse) is perceived by heavy pressure down to the bone and muscle level. A normal pulse beats six times per respiratory cycle (<i>Yi Xi</i>, one inhalation and exhalation); if it exceeds this rate, it is a <i>Rapid Pulse</i> (Shu Mai, Rapid Pulse); if it falls short, it is a <i>Slow Pulse</i> (Chi Mai, Slow Pulse). The <i>Slippery Pulse</i> (Hua Mai, Slippery Pulse) feels like rolling beads and flows smoothly; the <i>Choppy Pulse</i> (Se Mai, Choppy Pulse) feels rough and difficult to flow. If the pulse is weak at all three depths (superficial, middle, deep), it is a <i>Deficient Pulse</i> (Xu Mai, Deficient Pulse); if strong at all three depths, it is an <i>Excess Pulse</i> (Shi Mai, Excess Pulse). If weak at the middle depth, it is a <i>Hollow Pulse</i> (Kou Mai, Hollow Pulse); the <i>Micropulse</i> (Wei Mai, Micropulse) is extremely faint, seeming present yet absent. The <i>Surging Pulse</i> (Hong Mai, Surging Pulse) arrives with force but departs weakly; the <i>Crowded Pulse</i> (Cu Mai, Crowded Pulse) is rapid with intermittent pauses; the <i>Knotted Pulse</i> (Jie Mai, Knotted Pulse) is slow with intermittent pauses. The <i>Taut Pulse</i> (Jin Mai, Taut Pulse) feels like a twisting rope on both sides; the <i>Wiry Pulse</i> (Xian Mai, Wiry Pulse) is straight and long, like a drawn bowstring. A floating pulse indicates disease in the exterior, typically due to external contraction; a sinking pulse indicates disease in the interior, typically due to internal injury. A rapid pulse indicates disease in the Fu organs, belonging to Yang-Heat; a slow pulse indicates disease in the Zang organs, belonging to Yin-Cold. A slippery pulse indicates Phlegm; a surging pulse indicates Fire-Heat; a micropulse indicates weakness and deficiency; a wiry pulse indicates retained fluids; a knotted pulse indicates accumulation; a crowded pulse indicates fright and convulsions. A hollow pulse indicates blood loss; a choppy pulse indicates blood deficiency; a sinking-taut pulse indicates abdominal pain; a floating pulse indicates exposure to cold. A deficient pulse indicates various conditions of insufficiency; an excess pulse indicates various conditions of surplus. When <i>Smallpox</i> or <i>Chickenpox</i> are about to erupt, the pulse tends to be surging and taut; an irregular pulse of varying sizes suggests <i>Zhong-E</i> (sudden severe illness/evil qi). Three beats per respiratory cycle indicate extreme deficiency-cold; nine to ten beats indicate extreme heat. One or two beats, or eleven to twelve beats per cycle, are signs of death. A floating-scattered pulse without root or a deeply hidden pulse that does not respond to pressure are difficult-to-treat pulses. Although pulse diagnosis can determine the exterior-interior, yin-yang, and deficiency-excess nature of diseases, in pediatric practice, these findings must be carefully correlated with clinical manifestations.
[Note] "One year old" refers to the age of one. When ill, pulse diagnosis is necessary, but the position is very small and cannot be assessed with three fingers; one must use one finger to define the three positions. The three positions refer to Cun, Guan, and Chi. The floating pulse is felt lightly on the skin, hence called floating. The sinking pulse is seen when pressing heavily between muscles and bones, hence called sinking. "Yi Xi" refers to one breath of a person. "Zhi" refers to the number of pulse beats. Six beats per breath is a harmonious pulse, indicating no disease. If the frequency is excessive, seven or eight beats, it is called a rapid pulse; if reduced, four or five beats, it is called a slow pulse. A slippery pulse resembles a bead, flowing smoothly; a choppy pulse is stagnant and difficult to flow. The three positions refer to the superficial, middle, and deep levels of the pulse. Weakness at all three levels indicates deficiency; strength at all three levels indicates excess. A hollow pulse is weak at the middle level; a micropulse is fine upon pressure, seeming present yet absent; a surging pulse is strong upon arrival but weak upon departure; a crowded pulse is rapid with occasional stops; a knotted pulse is slow with occasional stops; a taut pulse feels like a turning rope; a wiry pulse is straight like a drawn bowstring. These describe the image and rhythm of the pulse. A floating pulse indicates exterior disease, such as external wind-cold; a sinking pulse indicates interior disease, such as internal dietary injury. A rapid pulse indicates disease in the Six Fu organs, belonging to Yang; a slow pulse indicates disease in the Five Zang organs, belonging to Yin. Slippery indicates abundant phlegm; surging indicates fire-heat; micropulse indicates timidity and weakness. Wiry indicates retained fluids; knotted indicates accumulation; crowded indicates fright and convulsions; hollow indicates blood loss; choppy indicates blood deficiency. Sinking-taut indicates abdominal pain; floating-taut indicates exposure to cold. Deficiency indicates insufficiency, governing various deficiency syndromes; Excess indicates surplus, governing various excess syndromes. Surging-taut indicates impending eruption of smallpox/chickenpox. Irregular size indicates Zhong-E syndrome. Three beats per breath is extreme deficiency-cold; nine to ten beats is excessive fire-heat. These are the diseases governed by these pulses. If only one or two beats, or eleven to twelve beats occur per breath, they are death pulses. Floating-scattered without root or pulses that do not respond to pressure at any depth are difficult-to-treat pulses. Although the yin-yang, exterior-interior, and deficiency-excess of diseases can be diagnosed via pulse, one must combine observation, listening/smelling, and inquiry during clinical practice for careful reference.