内伤饮食感寒风，发热憎寒头痛疼，恶食嗳臭吐酸物，便秘尿涩腹热膨，双解藿香正气饮
，化滞平胃斟酌行。
【注】小儿平日饮食无节，内伤停滞，外复为风寒所袭，故成是证也。其候发热憎寒，
头痛恶食，嗳臭吐酸，便秘尿涩，腹热膨胀也。热盛者，用双解通圣汤两解之；内无热
者，用藿香正气汤和解之。表邪既解，然后调理其脾，用平胃散消导之，庶几外无余邪，
内无滞热，而病自愈矣。
双解通圣汤（方见伤寒）
藿香正气汤
苏叶 白芷 藿香 陈皮 茯苓 半夏（姜制） 大腹皮 甘草（生） 浓朴（姜炒） 桔梗
引用生姜、红枣，水煎服。
【方歌】和解藿香正气汤，苏叶白芷共藿香，陈皮茯苓大腹草，浓朴桔梗引枣姜。
平胃散（方见 乳），加山楂、神曲、麦芽
平素有热感风寒，面赤唇焦口鼻干，憎寒壮热频饮冷，心烦谵妄便多艰，泻热先宜用通圣，清热
凉膈天水煎。
【注】小儿脏腑素禀多热，今复为风寒所伤，风热相抟，则火邪愈盛。故其现证有面
赤唇焦，口鼻干燥，憎寒壮热，口渴饮冷，心神烦躁，谵语狂妄，二便秘涩。治宜散其风
寒，更宜兼泻其热，须用双解通圣汤两解之。若服药后汗出便利，病虽少减，热犹不退者，
治宜清热为主，当以凉膈散合天水散治之，则表里清而病愈矣。
双解通圣汤（方见伤寒）
凉膈散（方见急惊风）
天水散
滑石（飞，六两） 甘草（生一两）
共为细末，每服一钱，灯心汤调下。
【感冒夹食】
体内因饮食不当受损，又感受风寒邪气，出现发热、怕冷、头痛疼痛，厌恶食物、打嗝有臭味、呕吐酸腐物，大便秘结、小便涩滞、腹部发热且胀满。治疗可选用双解藿香正气饮，并根据情况斟酌使用化滞平胃散。
【注释】小儿平时饮食没有节制，导致内伤停滞，外部又遭受风寒侵袭，因此形成这种证候。其症状表现为发热怕冷、头痛、厌恶食物、打嗝有臭味、呕吐酸水、大便秘结、小便涩滞、腹部发热且膨胀。如果热象严重，使用双解通圣汤进行表里双解；如果内部没有热象，使用藿香正气汤进行和解。表邪解除后，再调理脾胃，使用平胃散来消食导滞，这样外无残留邪气，内无积滞郁热，病自然痊愈。
双解通圣汤（方剂见《伤寒论》相关章节）
藿香正气汤
紫苏叶 白芷 藿香 陈皮 茯苓 半夏（生姜炮制） 大腹皮 甘草（生用） 厚朴（生姜炒） 桔梗
引用生姜、红枣，加水煎服。
【方歌】和解藿香正气汤，苏叶白芷共藿香，陈皮茯苓大腹草，厚朴桔梗引枣姜。
平胃散（方剂见儿科乳婴儿章节），加入山楂、神曲、麦芽。
【感冒夹热】
素体有热又感受风寒，面色红赤、嘴唇焦裂、口鼻干燥，怕冷且高热、频繁想喝冷水，心烦意乱、胡言乱语、大便多艰涩难解。泻热首先宜用双解通圣汤，清热则用凉膈散合天水散煎服。
【注释】小儿脏腑先天禀赋多热，如今又遭受风寒损伤，风热相互搏结，导致火邪更加旺盛。所以出现的症状有面红唇焦、口鼻干燥、怕冷且高热、口渴想喝冷水、心神烦躁、谵语狂妄、大小便涩滞不通。治疗应当疏散风寒，同时兼以泻热，必须使用双解通圣汤进行表里双解。如果服药后汗出且二便通畅，病情虽稍减轻但热势仍不退者，治疗应以清热为主，应当使用凉膈散合天水散治疗，这样表里清利而病痊愈。
双解通圣汤（方剂见《伤寒论》相关章节）
凉膈散（方剂见急惊风章节）
天水散
滑石（飞研，六两） 甘草（生用一两）
共同研磨成细末，每次服用一钱，用灯心草汤调服。
[Common Cold with Food Stagnation]
Internal injury from improper diet combined with external contraction of wind-cold pathogen results in fever, aversion to cold, headache, and pain. Symptoms include anorexia, belching with foul odor, vomiting of sour regurgitation, constipation, dysuria, abdominal heat, and distension. Treatment may involve Shuangjie Huoxiang Zhengqi Yin (Double-Resolving Agastache and Magnolia Bark Decoction), with Huazhi Pingwei San (Stagnation-Transforming Spleen-Pacifying Powder) used as appropriate.
[Annotation] Children who habitually lack dietary restraint suffer from internal stagnation; when additionally attacked by wind-cold externally, this syndrome arises. Clinical manifestations include fever with aversion to cold, headache, anorexia, belching with foul odor, vomiting of sour fluid, constipation, dysuria, abdominal heat, and distension. If heat is severe, Shuangjie Tongsheng Tang (Double-Resolving Universal Sage Decoction) should be used for simultaneous resolution of exterior and interior. If there is no internal heat, Huoxiang Zhengqi Tang (Agastache and Magnolia Bark Decoction) should be used for harmonization. After the exterior pathogen is resolved, the spleen should then be regulated using Pingwei San (Spleen-Pacifying Powder) to promote digestion and elimination, ensuring no residual exterior pathogen or internal stagnant heat remains, leading to spontaneous recovery.
Shuangjie Tongsheng Tang (See Formula in Treatise on Cold Damage)
Huoxiang Zhengqi Tang
Perilla Leaf (Ziye), Angelica Dahurica (Baizhi), Patchouli (Huoxiang), Tangerine Peel (Chenpi), Poria (Fuling), Pinellia (Banxia, processed with ginger), Areca Seed (Dafupi), Licorice Root (Gancao, raw), Bitter Orange (Nongpu/Houpo, stir-fried with ginger), Platycodon (Jiegeng).
Decoct with fresh ginger and red dates as guides.
[Formula Song] To harmonize, use Huoxiang Zhengqi Tang, combining Perilla, Angelica, and Patchouli; Tangerine peel, Poria, Areca seed, and Licorice; Bitter orange, Platycodon, guided by dates and ginger.
Pingwei San (See Formula in Infant Care section), added with Hawthorn Fruit (Shanzha), Medicated Leaven (Shenqu), and Malt (Maiya).
[Common Cold with Heat]
A constitution prone to heat combined with external contraction of wind-cold presents with flushed face, cracked lips, dry mouth and nose, aversion to cold with high fever, frequent desire to drink cold water, mental restlessness, delirium, and difficult defecation. To purge heat, first use Shuangjie Tongsheng Tang; to clear heat, decoct Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) combined with Tianshui San (Heavenly Water Powder).
[Annotation] Children’s zang-fu organs are inherently predisposed to heat. When now injured by wind-cold, wind and heat contend, exacerbating fire pathogens. Consequently, symptoms manifest as facial flushing, cracked lips, dry mouth and nose, aversion to cold with high fever, thirst with desire for cold drinks, mental agitation, delirious speech, and difficulty in urination and defecation. Treatment requires dispersing wind-cold while simultaneously purging heat, necessitating the use of Shuangjie Tongsheng Tang for dual resolution of exterior and interior. If, after medication, sweating occurs and bowels/bladder open, yet heat persists despite slight symptom reduction, treatment should focus primarily on clearing heat. Liangge San combined with Tianshui San should be employed to clear both exterior and interior, resulting in recovery.
Shuangjie Tongsheng Tang (See Formula in Treatise on Cold Damage)
Liangge San (See Formula in Acute Convulsion section)
Tianshui San
Talcum (Huashi, refined, six liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, raw, one liang).
Grind into fine powder. Take one qian per dose, mixed with water infused with Juncus effusus (Dengxincao).