总括 六种惊痫阴与阳，胎狂六畜食留藏；痰迷胞络心神乱，至宝安神壮志汤。
脉法 脉弦为风痫，脉浮为阳痫，脉沉为阴痫。
凡癫狂脉虚者可治，脉实者死。又小儿脉紧者是风痫，如雀啄者。风痫，又云惊风三次便为痫。虎口脉纹如弓反外
者主痰热，夹惊，夹食，睡卧不稳，风痫之症。
《内经》曰∶巨阳之厥则首肿头重，足不能行，发为 仆，是盖阳气逆乱，故令人卒。然暴仆而不知人，气复则醒，
此则痫之类也。小儿为风邪所伤，惊怪所触，乳哺失节，停滞经络，故成痫也。其候神气拂郁，瞪眼直视，面目牵引，
口噤涎流，肚腹紧张，手足搐掣，似生似死，或声或默，或项背反张，或腰脊强直，但四肢柔软，发而时醒者为痫。若
一身强硬，终日不醒，则为痉 矣。所谓六畜痫者，咽喉风痰所梗，声自如此，其理甚明，谓之六畜，特强名耳。
又称五痫，病关五脏，当察五脏之色，观五脏之症，合之心中便了了矣，总之为惊、风、食三种治之。
惊痫者，震骇恐惧，打坠积惊，其初惊叫犬啼，恍惚失魂是也。
风痫者，汗出解脱，风邪乘虚，其初屈指如计数，有热生风是也。
食痫者，食时得惊，停宿结滞，其初吐乳不哺，大便酸臭，或结成乳癖，先寒后热者是也。
又有阴阳之别。阳病脉浮，面色光泽，病在六腑，身体有热，抽掣啼叫是也，易治；阴病脉沉，面色黯晦，病在五
脏，身体无热，手足清冷，不抽掣啼叫是也，难治。或以仰卧属阳，覆卧属阴亦可参验。盖阳症不可用温，阴症不可用
寒也。
有狂痫者，亦属阳症。《难经》曰∶重阳则狂。至长，成小儿才发时，妄言不食而歌，甚则逾墙上屋，弃衣而走，
或一日或二日方醒，始因冒热感风，风热内蓄，久则风痰壅结，上迷心也。盖心乃神之舍，偶为邪热攻逼，则神失守而
昏乱，名曰狂痫。当疏风化热，清心平肝，镇心下痰可也。
痫症皆因神气未固，惊则神不守舍。或饮食失节，脾胃受伤，积为痰饮，以致痰迷心窍而作。治法当寻火寻痰而治，
宜服镇惊清心之剂。如痰涎胶固者，此药未能驱逐。在上者用吐法，吐后方用前药，痰实在里者亦须下之。
补遗
癫痫即头眩也，痰在膈间则眩微不仆，痰溢膈上则眩甚仆倒于地而不知人，名曰癫痫。徐嗣伯曰∶大人曰颠，小人
曰
痫，其是一疾也。但痫症中作声及醒时吐涎沫，醒后又再发，时作时止而不休为异耳。
《内经》曰∶人生而有癫疾者，名曰胎病，此得之在母腹中时，其母有所大惊，气上而不下，积气并居，故令子惊
为颠疾。
又《内经》曰∶春脉者肝也，春脉太过，为病在外，善怒，忽眩冒而癫痰，脉来弦实而强为太过，甚则忽忽善怒，
眩冒而癫痰。
〔附方〕
胎痫正发之剂 天将子 天麻 蝎梢 防风 辰砂 麝香 末之，乳汁调服。
安心神之剂 菖蒲 石膏 犀角 人参 远志 茯苓 白苏子 甘草
疏热解表清利之剂 独活 羌活 天麻 人参 荆芥 防风 川芎 甘草
化风丹（治口噤身反目直吐涎） 人参 南星 天麻 羌活 独活 防风 川芎 荆芥 甘草
铁粉丸（治痫发无时，吐沫心闷） 龙齿 轻粉 天麻 南星 没药 牛黄 麝香
猪胆南星散 用南星一味，湿纸裹煨，研末，将雄猪胆汁调化，连服之。
牛黄膏 南星 全蝎 蝉蜕 僵蚕 天麻 白附子 防风 麝香
镇心丹 辰砂五钱为细末，用猪心血和匀，以蒸饼裹剂蒸熟，取出为丸，如桐子大，每服十丸，临卧时服。
总括：惊痫分为阴证和阳证两种，胎痫、狂痫以及由六畜邪气或饮食停滞引起的痫症；痰浊迷塞胞络导致心神紊乱，可用至宝安神壮志汤治疗。
脉法：脉象弦紧的是风痫，脉象浮的是阳痫，脉象沉的是阴痫。
凡是癫狂病脉象虚弱的可以治愈，脉象实大的则预后不良（主死）。另外，小儿脉象紧的是风痫，如麻雀啄食般的脉象也是风痫。风痫，又说惊风发作三次就会转为痫症。虎口脉纹如果像弓背一样向外弯曲，主痰热，夹杂惊邪或食积，表现为睡眠不安稳，这是风痫的症状。
《黄帝内经》说：太阳经气厥逆会导致头部肿胀沉重，脚不能行走，突然跌倒，这是因为阳气逆乱，所以使人突然昏倒。然而突然跌倒不省人事，气机恢复后就会醒来，这属于痫症的范畴。小儿被风邪所伤，受到惊恐怪异事物的刺激，哺乳喂养没有节制，导致邪气停滞在经络中，从而形成痫症。其症状表现为神气拂郁，瞪眼直视，面部肌肉牵引抽搐，牙关紧闭流口水，腹部紧张，手足搐搦，似生非生，有时发声有时沉默，有时颈项背部反张，有时腰脊强直，但四肢柔软，发作后能暂时清醒的，称为痫症。如果全身僵硬，整天不醒，那就是痉病了。所谓六畜痫，是因为咽喉被风痰阻塞，声音自然如此，道理很明白，称之为六畜，只是强行命名的罢了。
又有所谓五痫，病情关联五脏，应当观察五脏的面色，查看五脏的症状，结合心中判断就能明了，总之按照惊、风、食三种类型来治疗。
惊痫：因震惊恐惧、跌打损伤积累惊邪所致，初起时惊叫如犬吠，神情恍惚失魂。
风痫：汗出腠理开泄，风邪乘虚而入，初起时手指屈伸如计数状，有热生风的症状。
食痫：进食时受到惊吓，乳食停宿结滞，初起时呕吐乳汁不能进食，大便酸臭，或者结成乳癖，先恶寒后发热的症状。
又有阴阳的区别。阳证脉象浮，面色光泽，病在六腑，身体发热，抽搐啼叫，容易治疗；阴证脉象沉，面色晦暗，病在五脏，身体无热，手脚冰冷，不抽搐啼叫，难以治疗。也有人认为仰卧属阳，俯卧属阴，也可以参考验证。大概阳证不可用温补，阴证不可用寒凉。
有狂痫，也属于阳证。《难经》说：重阳则狂。到了长夏时节，小儿刚发病时，胡言乱语，不吃东西却唱歌，严重时翻墙爬屋，脱衣奔跑，或者一天两天才清醒，起初是因为冒受热气感受风邪，风热内蓄，久了风痰壅结，上蒙心窍。因为心是神的居所，偶尔被邪热攻逼，则神志失去守持而昏乱，名叫狂痫。应当疏散风邪化解热邪，清心平肝，镇心安神化痰即可。
痫症都是因为神气未固，受惊则神不守舍。或者饮食失节，脾胃受伤，积聚成痰饮，以致痰迷心窍而发病。治疗方法应当寻找火邪和痰邪进行治理，适宜服用镇惊清心的药剂。如果痰涎胶固难化，这些药物未能驱逐。病位在上者用吐法，吐完后再用前面的药，痰实在里者也必须用下法。
补遗：
癫痫即头眩，痰在膈间则眩晕轻微不会跌倒，痰溢膈上则眩晕严重跌倒在地不省人事，名叫癫痫。徐嗣伯说：大人叫颠，小孩叫痫，是同一种疾病。只是痫症中发作时发出声音，清醒时吐涎沫，清醒后又再发作，时作时止不停歇，这是与颠的不同之处。
《黄帝内经》说：人生下来就有癫疾的，名叫胎病，这是在母腹中时，母亲受到大惊，气机上逆而不能下行，积气并居，所以让孩子受惊成为颠疾。
又《黄帝内经》说：春脉对应肝脏，春脉太过，病在外，易怒，忽然眩晕昏冒而发癫疾，脉象来势弦实而强劲为太过，严重时忽忽易怒，眩晕昏冒而发癫疾。
〔附方〕
胎痫正发之剂：天将子、天麻、蝎梢、防风、辰砂、麝香，研末，用乳汁调服。
安心神之剂：菖蒲、石膏、犀角、人参、远志、茯苓、白苏子、甘草。
疏热解表清利之剂：独活、羌活、天麻、人参、荆芥、防风、川芎、甘草。
化风丹（治疗牙关紧闭、身体反张、目直、吐涎）：人参、南星、天麻、羌活、独活、防风、川芎、荆芥、甘草。
铁粉丸（治疗痫症发作无定时、吐沫、心闷）：龙齿、轻粉、天麻、南星、没药、牛黄、麝香。
猪胆南星散：只用南星一味，用湿纸包裹煨熟，研末，用雄猪胆汁调化，连续服用。
牛黄膏：南星、全蝎、蝉蜕、僵蚕、天麻、白附子、防风、麝香。
镇心丹：辰砂五钱研为细末，用猪心血和匀，以蒸饼包裹制剂蒸熟，取出制成丸药，如梧桐子大，每次服用十丸，临睡前服用。
General Overview: Convulsive epilepsy (Jing Xian) is divided into Yin and Yang syndromes; fetal epilepsy (Tai Xian), manic epilepsy (Kuang Xian), and those caused by "six livestock" pathogens or food retention are also included. When phlegm turbidity obstructs the uterine collaterals causing mental disorder, Zhian Bao Shen Zhuang Zhi Tang (Calm Spirit Treasure Protecting Ambitious Decoction) can be used.
Pulse Diagnosis: A wiry pulse indicates Wind Epilepsy (Feng Xian); a floating pulse indicates Yang Epilepsy; a deep pulse indicates Yin Epilepsy.
For mania and epilepsy, if the pulse is deficient, it is treatable; if the pulse is excess, it indicates death. Additionally, a tight pulse in children indicates Wind Epilepsy, as does a pulse resembling a sparrow pecking. Wind Epilepsy is also said to result from convulsions occurring three times. If the pulse pattern at the Tiger's Mouth (Hukou) resembles a bow curving outward, it indicates Phlegm-Heat, complicated by fright or food stagnation, manifesting as restless sleep, which are symptoms of Wind Epilepsy.
The *Nei Jing* states: Jue of the Greater Yang (Ju Yang) leads to head swelling and heaviness, inability to walk, and sudden collapse (Pu). This is due to rebellious Qi, causing sudden unconsciousness. However, sudden collapse with loss of consciousness that resolves upon the return of Qi belongs to the category of Epilepsy. Children suffer from wind pathogens, are startled by strange objects, have irregular feeding, leading to pathogen stagnation in the collaterals, thus forming epilepsy. Symptoms include depressed spirit, staring eyes, facial muscle traction, locked jaw with drooling, abdominal tension, hand and foot spasms, appearing alive yet dead, sometimes vocalizing and sometimes silent, sometimes opisthotonos (neck and back arching), or stiff waist and spine, but with soft limbs; waking up intermittently after attacks characterizes Epilepsy. If the whole body is stiff and unconscious for a day, it is Spasm (Jing). The so-called "Six Livestock Epilepsy" is caused by wind-phlegm blocking the throat, resulting in specific sounds; this is clearly understood, and the name "Six Livestock" is merely a forced designation.
There are also Five Epilepsies related to the five Zang organs. One should observe the colors of the five Zang organs and their corresponding symptoms to understand them mentally. Generally, they are treated according to Fright, Wind, and Food categories.
Fright Epilepsy: Caused by shock, fear, or accumulated fright from falls. Initially, there is screaming like a dog bark, and a trance-like state with lost soul.
Wind Epilepsy: Occurs when pores open due to sweating, allowing wind pathogens to enter via deficiency. Initially, fingers flex and extend as if counting, indicating heat generating wind.
Food Epilepsy: Occurs when fright happens during eating, causing food stagnation. Initially, there is vomiting of milk, refusal to feed, sour-smelling stool, formation of milk lumps, and initial chills followed by fever.
There are also Yin and Yang distinctions. Yang syndrome features a floating pulse, lustrous complexion, disease in the six Fu organs, body heat, spasms, and crying; it is easy to treat. Yin syndrome features a deep pulse, dull complexion, disease in the five Zang organs, no body heat, cold hands and feet, and absence of spasms or crying; it is difficult to treat. Some consider supine position as Yang and prone position as Yin for verification. Generally, Yang syndromes should not use warming methods, and Yin syndromes should not use cooling methods.
Manic Epilepsy (Kuang Xian) also belongs to Yang syndrome. The *Nan Jing* states: Excess Yang leads to mania. In late summer, when children first develop the condition, they speak nonsense, refuse food but sing, and severely may climb walls or roofs, discard clothes, and run. They may remain unconscious for one or two days before waking. It initially stems from exposure to heat and wind, with internal accumulation of wind-heat. Over time, wind-phlegm becomes congested and confuses the heart orifice. Since the Heart is the residence of the Spirit, when attacked by evil heat, the Spirit loses its hold and becomes chaotic, named Manic Epilepsy. Treatment should involve dispersing wind and resolving heat, clearing the Heart and soothing the Liver, and calming the Heart to resolve phlegm.
Epilepsy arises because the Spirit Qi is not solid; fright causes the Spirit to lose its residence. Or, irregular diet damages the Spleen and Stomach, accumulating into phlegm-fluids, which confuse the Heart orifice. Treatment should target Fire and Phlegm, suitable for administering agents that calm fright and clear the Heart. If phlegm-saliva is tenacious, these drugs cannot expel it. For pathology in the upper jiao, induce vomiting; after vomiting, use the aforementioned drugs. For phlegm firmly rooted in the interior, purgation is also required.
Supplementary Notes:
Epilepsy involves dizziness. If phlegm is between the diaphragm, dizziness is mild without falling; if phlegm overflows above the diaphragm, dizziness is severe, causing collapse on the ground and unconsciousness, named Epilepsy. Xu Sibai stated: Adults call it Dian, children call it Xian; it is the same disease. The difference in Xian is that sounds are made during attacks, saliva is vomited upon waking, and it recurs after waking, stopping and starting intermittently.
The *Nei Jing* states: Congenital epilepsy is called Fetal Disease. This occurs when the mother experiences great fright in the womb, causing Qi to rise and not descend, accumulating and residing together, thus causing the child to be startled and develop epileptic disease.
Also, the *Nei Jing* states: Spring pulses correspond to the Liver. Excessive spring pulse indicates external disease, irritability, sudden dizziness and fainting, and epileptic fits. A pulse coming wiry, excess, and strong indicates excess; severely, it manifests as irritability, dizziness, fainting, and epileptic fits.
[Attached Formulas]
Formula for Active Fetal Epilepsy: Tian Jiang Zi, Tian Ma, Scorpion Tail, Fang Feng, Chen Sha, She Xiang. Grind into powder, mix with milk, and administer.
Formula to Calm the Spirit: Shi Chang Pu, Shi Gao, Xi Jiao, Ren Shen, Yuan Zhi, Fu Ling, Bai Su Zi, Gan Cao.
Formula to Disperse Heat, Release Exterior, and Clear/Drain: Du Huo, Qiang Huo, Tian Ma, Ren Shen, Jing Jie, Fang Feng, Chuan Xiong, Gan Cao.
Hua Feng Dan (Treats locked jaw, body arching, straight eyes, drooling): Ren Shen, Nan Xing, Tian Ma, Qiang Huo, Du Huo, Fang Feng, Chuan Xiong, Jing Jie, Gan Cao.
Tie Fen Wan (Treats unpredictable epilepsy, drooling, chest oppression): Long Chi, Qing Fen, Tian Ma, Nan Xing, Mo Yao, Niu Huang, She Xiang.
Zhu Dan Nan Xing San: Use only Nan Xing, wrap in wet paper and roast until cooked, grind into powder, mix with bile from a male pig, and take continuously.
Niu Huang Gao: Nan Xing, Quan Xie, Chan Tui, Jiang Can, Tian Ma, Bai Fu Zi, Fang Feng, She Xiang.
Zhen Xin Dan: Take 5 qian of Chen Sha, grind into fine powder, mix evenly with pig heart blood, wrap in steamed dough cake, steam until cooked, remove and make into pills the size of tung seeds. Take 10 pills each time, administered before bed.