惊痫发搐。多因乳母郁怒传儿。胎中受患。或生后乳伤惊恐致病。证多吐乳面青。若痰实壅
积。则壮热面红。当兼调治其母。切不可损其元气。验其顺逆。男则握拳。拇指叉入食指中为顺。
于外为逆。女则叉入食指为逆。于外为顺。凡小儿忽然惊搐目直者。皆肝经风热。若肝虚生风。
则目连札而不搐。及多呵欠切牙。若肝经风实。则目直大叫。呵欠项急顿闷。若肝经有热。则目
直视不搐。得心热则搐。其证手循衣领。及乱捻物。宜泻肝热为主。凡病之新久。皆能引
动肝风。风内动则上入于目。故目为之连札。若热入于目。牵其筋脉。两 俱紧。不能转视。故
目直也。亦有饮食停滞中焦。致清阳不升。浊阴不降。肝木生发之气不得升。致生虚风者。若胸
满腹痛。呕吐恶食。轻则消导化痰。重则探吐攻积。更须审其所伤寒物热物。亦有因感冒吐泻。
致土败水侮而生虚风者。不可遽服惊药。若辄用之。反成其风而益其病矣。洁古云。伤风发搐。
当辨有汗无汗。用大青膏、小续命分治。薛按前证。若口中气热。搐而有力。属形病俱实。宜大
青膏以散风邪。若口气不热。搐而无力。属形病俱虚。宜异功散以补脾土。六味丸以滋肝木。钩
藤饮以清肝火。因风邪郁热而变诸证。当理肺经。清风邪。若外邪既解。而诸证不愈者。当实脾
土补肺金。若竟治其风。恐脾气复伤。诸证蜂起矣。若伤食后发搐。身温多睡。或吐不思食。宜
先定搐。搐止白饼子下之。后与秘旨安神丸。若饮食停滞。呕吐不食。腹胀便秘者。属实热。白
饼子下之。若下后搐热益甚。呕吐不食者。属虚热。异功散补之。若脾胃既伤。肝火所胜。六君
子加钩藤钩。以健脾气。平肝木。大凡饮食既消而不愈者。但调补脾胃。则诸邪自退。百日内发
搐。真者不过两三次必死。假者频发不死。真者内生惊痫。假者外伤风冷。血气未实。不能胜任。
故发搐也。口中气热。大青膏及涂囟法。并用大青膏加白矾。取三钱。入桃枝一握。煎水浴之。
勿浴儿背。此即浴体法也。前证多因胎中受患。或乳母郁怒传儿。或儿脾伤自病。当固元气为主。
凡搐频者。风在表易治。宜发散。搐稀者风在脏。难治。宜补脾。
惊痫发作时的抽搐，多因乳母情绪郁结愤怒而传给孩子，或在胎儿时期就已患病。也有出生后因哺乳不当、受到惊恐而致病的情况。症状多见吐乳、面色发青。如果痰湿实邪壅积，则会出现高热、面红。此时应当同时调理母亲的身体，千万不可损伤孩子的元气。通过观察手指握拳的姿态来验证病情的顺逆：男孩若拇指交叉进入食指中为顺证，若伸出在外则为逆证；女孩若拇指交叉进入食指中为逆证，若伸出在外则为顺证。
凡是小儿突然惊厥抽搐、眼睛直瞪的，都是肝经风热所致。如果是肝虚生风，则眼球颤动而不抽搐，且伴有频繁打哈欠、咬紧牙关的症状。如果是肝经风实，则眼睛直瞪、大声呼叫、打哈欠、颈部僵硬、突然感到胸闷。如果是肝经有热，则眼睛直视但不抽搐；如果兼有心热，才会出现抽搐。其症状表现为手摸衣领，以及胡乱捻弄物品。治疗应以清泻肝热为主。
凡是疾病的新久，都能引动肝风。风邪在内扰动则向上侵入眼部，所以眼球会颤动。如果热邪侵入眼部，牵拉筋脉，导致两眼拘急紧张，不能转动视物，所以眼睛直瞪。也有因饮食停滞在中焦，导致清阳之气不升、浊阴之气不降，肝木生发之气无法上升，从而产生虚风的情况。如果伴有胸满腹痛、呕吐、厌恶进食，轻症用消食导滞化痰的方法，重症用探吐攻下的方法。还必须仔细审查所伤的是寒性食物还是热性食物。也有因感冒引起呕吐腹泻，导致脾土败坏、肾水反侮（水气凌心/侮土）而生虚风的，不可立即服用镇惊药物。如果随意使用，反而会助长风邪，加重病情。
张洁古说：伤风引起的抽搐，应当辨别有汗无汗，分别使用大青膏或小续命汤治疗。薛己按语：前述病症，如果口中气息发热，抽搐有力，属于形质与病邪俱实，宜用大青膏以疏散风邪。如果口中气息不热，抽搐无力，属于形质与病邪俱虚，宜用异功散以补益脾土，六味丸以滋养肝木，钩藤饮以清泻肝火。如果是因风邪郁热而变生各种证候，应当调理肺经，清风邪。如果外邪已经解除，但各种症状仍未痊愈，应当充实脾土、补益肺金。如果一味治风，恐怕脾气再次受伤，各种症状就会蜂拥而起。
如果是伤食后引发抽搐，身体温和、嗜睡，或呕吐、不想吃东西，应当先止住抽搐，抽搐停止后用白饼子攻下，随后给予秘旨安神丸。如果是饮食停滞，呕吐不食，腹胀便秘，属实热证，用白饼子攻下。如果攻下后抽搐和热势更加严重，呕吐不食，则属虚热证，用异功散补益。如果脾胃已经受损，肝火亢盛，可用六君子汤加钩藤，以健运脾气，平抑肝木。大凡饮食已消化但症状未愈者，只需调补脾胃，各种邪气自然消退。
百日内的婴儿发生抽搐，真性的不过两三次必死，假性的频发却不会死亡。真性是内生惊痫，假性是外伤风冷。因为血气尚未充实，不能胜任，所以发生抽搐。如果口中气息发热，可并用大青膏及涂囟法。具体做法是用大青膏加白矾三钱，放入一握桃枝，煎水洗浴。不要洗婴儿背部，这就是浴体法。
前述病症多因胎中受患，或乳母郁怒传儿，或孩子脾伤自病，应当以固护元气为主。凡是抽搐频繁的，说明风邪在表，容易治疗，宜用发散法；抽搐稀少的，说明风邪在脏，难治，宜用补脾法。
Convulsions in infantile convulsive epilepsy (Jing Xian) are often caused by the transmission of the wet nurse's depression and anger to the child, or by pathological changes acquired during fetal development. It may also result from improper breastfeeding or fright after birth. The symptoms commonly include vomiting milk and a bluish complexion. If phlegm and excess pathogens accumulate, high fever and facial redness occur. In such cases, the mother's condition should be treated concurrently, and the child's primordial Qi (Yuan Qi) must never be damaged. To determine the prognosis (Shun/Ni), observe the hand posture: for males, if the thumb is tucked into the index finger, it is a favorable sign (Shun); if extended outward, it is an unfavorable sign (Ni). For females, if the thumb is tucked into the index finger, it is an unfavorable sign (Ni); if extended outward, it is a favorable sign (Shun).
Whenever an infant suddenly experiences convulsions with eyes staring straight ahead, it indicates wind-heat in the Liver channel (Gan Jing). If wind arises due to Liver deficiency, the eyes tremble without convulsions, accompanied by frequent yawning and teeth grinding. If there is excess wind in the Liver channel, the eyes stare straight, the child cries loudly, yawns, has a stiff neck, and sudden chest oppression. If there is heat in the Liver channel, the eyes stare straight without convulsions; however, if Heart heat is involved, convulsions will occur. Symptoms include grasping at clothing collars and aimlessly picking at objects. Treatment should primarily focus on draining Liver heat.
Both new and chronic diseases can stir up internal Liver wind. When wind moves internally, it ascends to the eyes, causing them to tremble. If heat enters the eyes and pulls on the sinews, causing stiffness and inability to rotate the eyes, they stare straight. Another cause is food stagnation in the Middle Jiao (Zhong Jiao), which prevents Clear Yang from ascending and Turbid Yin from descending. This blocks the rising energy of Liver Wood, generating deficient wind. Symptoms include chest fullness, abdominal pain, vomiting, and aversion to food. Mild cases are treated with digestion-promoting and phlegm-resolving methods; severe cases require induced vomiting and purging. One must carefully distinguish whether the ingested food was cold or hot in nature. Additionally, vomiting and diarrhea caused by external contraction can lead to Spleen Earth failure and Kidney Water counter-acting (Water insulting Earth), generating deficient wind. Do not hastily administer anti-convulsant medicines; doing so may exacerbate the wind and worsen the disease.
Zhang Jiegu stated that convulsions caused by wind-cold invasion should be differentiated by the presence or absence of sweating, treating respectively with Da Qing Gao (Great Blue Paste) or Xiao Xu Ming Tang (Minor Continuation of Life Decoction). Xue Ji noted: regarding the aforementioned conditions, if the breath from the mouth is hot and convulsions are forceful, it indicates both form and pathogen are excess (Shi). Use Da Qing Gao to disperse wind pathogens. If the breath is not hot and convulsions are weak, it indicates both form and pathogen are deficient (Xu). Use Yi Gong San (Yi Gong Powder) to tonify Spleen Earth, Liu Wei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) to nourish Liver Wood, and Gou Teng Yin (Uncaria Decoction) to clear Liver fire. If various syndromes arise from wind-pathogen郁热 (depressed heat), regulate the Lung channel and clear wind pathogens. If external pathogens are resolved but symptoms persist, strengthen Spleen Earth and tonify Lung Metal. Treating only the wind may further damage Spleen Qi, causing myriad symptoms to arise.
If convulsions occur after food injury, with warm body temperature, excessive sleepiness, vomiting, or anorexia, first stop the convulsions. After cessation, use Bai Bing Zi (White Pill Cake) to purge, followed by Mi Zhi An Shen Wan (Secret Instruction Calming Spirit Pill). If food stagnation causes vomiting, anorexia, abdominal distension, and constipation, it is an excess-heat syndrome; treat with Bai Bing Zi to purge. If convulsions and heat worsen after purging, along with vomiting and anorexia, it is a deficient-heat syndrome; treat with Yi Gong San to tonify. If Spleen and Stomach are damaged and Liver fire prevails, use Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) plus Gou Teng (Uncaria Ramulus cum Uncis) to strengthen Spleen Qi and soothe Liver Wood. Generally, if symptoms persist after food digestion, simply tonifying and regulating the Spleen and Stomach will cause other pathogens to recede spontaneously.
For infants under 100 days old, true convulsions (internal origin) usually result in death within two or three episodes, whereas false convulsions (external origin) recur frequently but are not fatal. True convulsions stem from internal Jing Xian; false ones stem from external wind-cold invasion. Because blood and Qi are not yet robust, the body cannot withstand the pathogenic factors, leading to convulsions. If the breath from the mouth is hot, apply Da Qing Gao and the fontanelle application method simultaneously. Specifically, mix Da Qing Gao with 3 qian of Bai Fan (Alum), add a handful of Tao Zhi (Peach Twig), decoct in water, and bathe the infant. Do not bathe the back; this is the "body bathing method."
The aforementioned conditions are mostly due to fetal pathology, transmission of the wet nurse's anger, or Spleen injury in the infant. The primary treatment should be to consolidate Yuan Qi. Frequent convulsions indicate wind in the exterior, which is easy to treat with dispersing methods. Infrequent convulsions indicate wind in the zang organs, which is difficult to treat and requires tonifying the Spleen.