足阳明之上，血气盛则髯美长，血少气多则髯短，气少血多则髯少，血气皆少则无髯，两吻多画。（如宦者相。）
足阳明之下，血气盛则下毛美长至胸。血多气少则下毛美短至脐，行则善高举足，足指少肉，足善寒。血
少气多则肉而善瘃。（瘃者，皴裂。）血气皆少则无毛，有则稀，枯悴，善
痿厥足痹。（痿厥，痿厥并病，后世所称类中风者是也。）
足少阳之上，气血盛则通髯美长，（通髯，髯与发通，俗名兜腮。）
血多气少则通髯美短，血少气多则少髯，血气皆少则无髯，感于寒湿则善痹骨痛爪枯也。
足少阳之下，血气盛则胫毛美长，外踝肥。血多气少则
胫毛美短，外踝皮坚而浓。血少气多则胫毛少，外踝皮薄而软。血气皆少则无毛，外踝瘦无肉。
足太阳之上，血气盛则美眉，眉有毫毛。（毫，即豪字，毛中独长出者。）血多气少则恶眉，面多少理。
（多少言其多也。）血少气多则面多肉。血气和则美色。（心主血脉，其华在面，此虽系足太阳，而
曰血气和，则心气和可知矣。）
足太阳之下，血气盛则跟肉满，踵坚。气少血多则瘦，跟空。血气皆少则喜转筋，踵下痛。
美眉者，足太阳之脉血气多。恶眉者，血气少。其肥而泽
者，血气有余。肥而不泽者，气有余血不足。瘦而无泽者，血气俱不足。
手阳明之上，血气盛则髭美，血少气多则髭恶，血气皆少则无髭。
手阳明之下，血气盛则腋下毛美，手鱼肉以温。血气皆少则手瘦以寒。
手少阳之上，血气盛则眉美以长，耳色美。血气皆少则耳焦恶色。
手少阳之下，血气盛则手卷多肉以温，血气皆少则寒以瘦，气少血多则瘦以多脉。（脉即络脉，
蓝色隐见皮肤下者。）
手太阳之上，血气盛则口多须，面多肉以平。血气皆少则面瘦恶色。
手太阳之下，血气盛则掌肉充满，血气皆少则掌瘦以
寒。（上指诸经之行头面者，下指其行手足者。前篇左右上下部位，义即指此。）
审察其形气有余不足而调之。按其寸口人迎，切循其经络之凝涩，结而不通者，此于身皆为痛痹，甚
则不行，故凝涩。凝涩者致气以温之，血和乃止。其结络者，脉结血不和，
决之乃行。故气有余于上者，导而下之。气不足于上者，推而休之。（休疑。）其稽留不至者，因而迎之。
必明于经隧，乃能持之。寒与热争者，导而行之。其菀（即郁字。）陈血不结者，则
（因也。马氏云作侧，非。）而予（上声。）之。必先明知二十五人，则血
气之所在，左右上下，可知逆顺矣。（总束上文，末句叫醒大义。上三阳上下气血多少形状。）
足阳明胃经的上部，气血旺盛则胡须美观且长；血少气多则胡须短；气少血多则胡须稀少；气血都少则没有胡须，嘴角周围有多余的纹路（如同宦官的面相）。
足阳明胃经的下部，气血旺盛则阴毛美观且长，可延伸至胸部。血多气少则阴毛美观但短，仅至肚脐，走路时喜欢高抬脚，脚趾肌肉少，脚容易发冷。血少气多则肌肉消瘦且容易生冻疮。（冻疮，即皮肤皴裂。）气血都少则没有阴毛，即使有也稀疏、干枯憔悴，容易发生痿证和厥证导致的足痹。（痿厥，是痿证与厥证并发的病证，后世所说的类中风就是这类疾病。）
足少阳胆经的上部，气血旺盛则络腮胡美观且长。（通髯，指胡须与鬓发相连，俗称兜腮。）血多气少则络腮胡美观但短；血少气多则胡须稀少；气血都少则没有胡须，若感受寒湿邪气则容易发生骨节痹痛和指甲枯槁。
足少阳胆经的下部，气血旺盛则小腿毛发美观且长，外踝部位丰满。血多气少则小腿毛发美观但短，外踝皮肤坚硬而厚实。血少气多则小腿毛发稀少，外踝皮肤薄而柔软。气血都少则没有毛发，外踝瘦削无肉。
足太阳膀胱经的上部，气血旺盛则眉毛美观，眉中有独长的毫毛。（毫，即“豪”字，指毛发中单独长出者。）血多气少则眉毛难看，面部皱纹多。（多少言其多也，意为皱纹很多。）血少气多则面部肌肉丰满。气血调和则面色红润美好。（心主血脉，其荣华表现于面部，这里虽然讲的是足太阳经，但提到“血气和”，可知心气也是调和的。）
足太阳膀胱经的下部，气血旺盛则脚跟肌肉饱满，脚后跟坚实。气少血多则脚跟瘦削，脚后跟空虚。气血都少则容易发生筋脉拘挛抽搐，脚后跟疼痛。
眉毛美观的人，是足太阳经脉的气血充足。眉毛难看的人，是气血不足。身体肥胖且润泽的，是气血有余。肥胖但不润泽的，是气有余而血不足。消瘦且不润泽的，是气血俱不足。
手阳明大肠经的上部，气血旺盛则嘴唇上方的胡须美观；血少气多则胡须难看；气血都少则没有胡须。
手阳明大肠经的下部，气血旺盛则腋下的毛发美观，手掌的大鱼际和小鱼际温暖。气血都少则手瘦削且发冷。
手少阳三焦经的上部，气血旺盛则眉毛美观且长，耳朵色泽美好。气血都少则耳朵焦枯、色泽难看。
手少阳三焦经的下部，气血旺盛则手指卷曲处肌肉丰满且温暖；气血都少则手部寒冷且消瘦；气少血多则手部消瘦但皮下脉络明显。（脉即络脉，指蓝色隐现于皮肤下的血管。）
手太阳小肠经的上部，气血旺盛则口唇周围的胡须多，面部肌肉丰满平整。气血都少则面部消瘦、色泽难看。
手太阳小肠经的下部，气血旺盛则手掌肌肉充实；气血都少则手掌消瘦且发冷。（上文提到的“上”指各经脉上行到头面的部分，“下”指下行到手足的部分。前篇提到的左右上下部位，义理即指此意。）
审察患者形体的强弱和气机的盛衰，从而进行调理。诊察寸口和人迎脉，切按循摸经络，若发现凝滞涩滞、结聚不通的现象，这在身体各处都会表现为痛痹，严重时甚至导致肢体运动障碍，这就是凝涩的表现。对于凝涩的情况，应采用引导正气的方法来温煦它，待血液调和后症状才会停止。对于结聚的络脉，是因为脉道结聚、血液不和，需要刺破放血使其通畅。因此，气有余于上部的人，应引导其向下运行；气不足于上部的人，应推补以助其恢复。（“休”字疑为“补”或相关含义，此处依文意理解为推补/休息之意，结合上下文多为补益或疏导之意，原文注“休疑”，暂译为推补/疏导）。对于气血稽留不至的地方，应顺势迎而取之（引导气血到来）。必须精通经络理论，才能掌握这些方法。对于寒热交争的情况，应引导气血使之运行顺畅。对于郁积已久的陈旧瘀血而不结聚成块的，就因势利导予以祛除（“予”通“与”，此处意为给予治疗/祛除，马氏云作“侧”非）。必须先明了二十五种不同体质类型的人，才能知道气血的分布所在，从而判断左右上下的逆顺规律。（这是对上述内容的总结，最后一句点醒大义。以上论述了三阳经上下气血多少及形态特征。）
The upper part of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the beard is beautiful and long; when blood is scanty and qi is abundant, the beard is short; when qi is scanty and blood is abundant, the beard is sparse; when both blood and qi are scanty, there is no beard, and there are many lines at the corners of the mouth (resembling the appearance of eunuchs).
The lower part of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the pubic hair is beautiful and long, extending to the chest. When blood is abundant and qi is scanty, the pubic hair is beautiful but short, reaching only to the umbilicus; the person tends to lift their feet high while walking, has little flesh on the toes, and the feet are prone to coldness. When blood is scanty and qi is abundant, the muscles are emaciated and prone to chilblains (chilblains refer to skin cracking). When both blood and qi are scanty, there is no pubic hair; if present, it is sparse, dry, and withered, and the person is prone to Wei syndrome (Wasting-Obstruction Syndrome) and Jue syndrome (Cold Extremities Syndrome) leading to foot Bi syndrome (Painful Obstruction Syndrome) (Wei-Jue refers to the concurrent occurrence of Wei and Jue syndromes, known in later generations as stroke-like conditions).
The upper part of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the sideburns and beard are connected and beautiful, and long (Tong-ran refers to the connection between the beard and the hairline, commonly called "兜腮" or full-sideburns). When blood is abundant and qi is scanty, the sideburns are beautiful but short; when blood is scanty and qi is abundant, the beard is sparse; when both blood and qi are scanty, there is no beard. If affected by cold-dampness, the person is prone to bone Bi syndrome (painful obstruction of bones) and withered nails.
The lower part of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the leg hair is beautiful and long, and the lateral malleolus is fleshy. When blood is abundant and qi is scanty, the leg hair is beautiful but short, and the skin of the lateral malleolus is tough and thick. When blood is scanty and qi is abundant, the leg hair is sparse, and the skin of the lateral malleolus is thin and soft. When both blood and qi are scanty, there is no hair, and the lateral malleolus is lean without flesh.
The upper part of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the eyebrows are beautiful, with distinct long guard hairs among them (Hao refers to a character variant of Hao, meaning individual long hairs protruding from the rest). When blood is abundant and qi is scanty, the eyebrows are unattractive, and the face has many wrinkles (Duo-shao here implies abundance, i.e., many wrinkles). When blood is scanty and qi is abundant, the facial muscles are plump. When blood and qi are harmonious, the complexion is beautiful (The Heart governs blood vessels, and its flourishing is manifested in the face; although this section discusses the Foot-Taiyang meridian, mentioning "blood and qi harmony" implies that Heart Qi is also harmonious).
The lower part of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the heel flesh is full, and the Achilles tendon area is firm. When qi is scanty and blood is abundant, the heel is thin, and the heel area feels empty. When both blood and qi are scanty, the person is prone to muscle spasms and pain under the heel.
Those with beautiful eyebrows have abundant blood and qi in the Foot-Taiyang meridian. Those with unattractive eyebrows have scanty blood and qi. Those who are fat and lustrous have excess blood and qi. Those who are fat but not lustrous have excess qi and deficient blood. Those who are thin and not lustrous have deficiency of both blood and qi.
The upper part of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the mustache is beautiful; when blood is scanty and qi is abundant, the mustache is unattractive; when both blood and qi are scanty, there is no mustache.
The lower part of the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the axillary hair is beautiful, and the thenar and hypothenar eminences of the hand are warm. When both blood and qi are scanty, the hands are thin and cold.
The upper part of the Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao (Triple Burner) Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the eyebrows are beautiful and long, and the ears have a good color. When both blood and qi are scanty, the ears are dry, shriveled, and have an unattractive color.
The lower part of the Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao (Triple Burner) Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the fleshy parts around the fingers are plump and warm; when both blood and qi are scanty, the hands are cold and thin; when qi is scanty and blood is abundant, the hands are thin but the collateral vessels are prominent (Mai refers to collateral vessels, i.e., blue veins visible under the skin).
The upper part of the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, there is much facial hair around the mouth, and the facial muscles are plump and smooth. When both blood and qi are scanty, the face is thin and the complexion is unattractive.
The lower part of the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian: When blood and qi are abundant, the palm flesh is full; when both blood and qi are scanty, the palm is thin and cold. (The "upper" mentioned above refers to the parts of the meridians running to the head and face, and the "lower" refers to those running to the hands and feet. The left-right and up-down locations mentioned in the previous chapter refer to this principle.)
Examine the form and qi for excess or deficiency and regulate accordingly. Palpate the Cun-kou (Radial artery) and Ying-kou (Carotid artery) pulses, and trace the meridians to feel for stagnation, sluggishness, or knotting and blockage. These conditions manifest throughout the body as Painful Bi Syndrome (Tong-Bi); in severe cases, movement is impaired, hence the term stagnation/sluggishness. For stagnation/sluggishness, promote the arrival of qi to warm the area; symptoms cease once the blood is harmonized. For knotted collaterals, where pulse knots indicate blood disharmony, release the blood through pricking to restore flow. Therefore, for qi excess in the upper body, guide it downward. For qi deficiency in the upper body, push and tonify it (Note: "Xiu" is uncertain, interpreted here as tonifying/supporting based on context). For qi/blood stagnation failing to arrive, follow the path to welcome and draw it in. One must clearly understand the meridians and collaterals to master these techniques. For conflicts between cold and heat, guide and facilitate circulation. For stagnant, old blood that is not knotted, remove it according to the situation (Note: "Yu" is interpreted as giving/treating/removing based on context; Ma's commentary suggesting "side" is incorrect). One must first understand the twenty-five different constitutions to know the distribution of blood and qi, thereby discerning the normal and abnormal patterns of the left, right, upper, and lower regions. (This summarizes the preceding text; the final sentence highlights the main principle. The above discusses the abundance, scarcity, and morphology of blood and qi in the three Yang meridians.)