（《内经》、《中藏经》、《巢氏》。）
肺风之状，多汗恶风，色 然白，时咳短气，昼日则瘥，暮则甚，诊在眉上，其色白。
心风之状，多汗恶风，焦绝，善怒吓，（《甲乙》无吓字。）赤色，
病甚则言不可快，（仲景曰∶风温为病，难以言，又曰∶言迟者风也。）诊在口，其色赤。
肝风之状，多汗恶风，善悲，色微苍。嗌干善怒，时憎女子，诊在目下，其色青。
脾风之状，多汗恶风，身体怠惰，四肢不欲动，色薄微黄，不嗜食，诊在鼻上，其色黄。
肾风之伏，多汗，恶风，面庞然浮肿，脊痛不能正立，其色 ，隐曲不利，诊在肌上，其色黑。（
肾风者，面 庞然，壅害于言。又面肿曰风。肌恐颧字、颐字或耳字之讹，俟考。）
胃风之状，颈多汗，恶风，食饮不下，膈塞不通，腹善满，失衣则 胀，食寒则泄，诊形瘦而
腹大。（颈为阳明经脉所盛。）
首风之状，（新沐中风也，然头风不尽因新沐，经特举其大意耳，后仿此。）头面多汗，恶风，当先风
一日则病甚，头痛不可以出内，至其风日，则病少愈。
漏风之状，（饮酒中风。）或多汗，不可单衣，食则汗出，甚则身汗，喘息，恶风，衣常濡，口干善
渴，不能劳事。
泄风之状，（林亿云∶当作内风。窃疑内风当是与泄风形证相近，抑或内风即泄风，故不别出。）
多汗，汗出泄衣上，口中干，上渍其风，不能劳事，身体尽痛，则寒。（上渍句与末句，疑有误倒。）
风者百病之长也，善行而数变，腠理开则洒然寒，闭则
热而闷，其寒也衰食饮，其热也消肌肉，使人 栗而不能食，故名曰寒热。
风气与阳明入胃，循脉而上，至目内 。其人肥则风气不得外泄，则为热中而目黄；人瘦则外泄而寒，则
为寒中而泣出。
风气与太阳俱入，行诸脉俞，散于分肉之间，与卫气相干，其道不利，故使肌肉愤 而有疡，卫气有所
凝而不行，故其肉有不仁也。
疠者，有荣气热 ，其气不清，故其鼻柱坏而色败，皮肤疡溃。风寒客于脉而不去，（脉风成为疠，）名曰
疠风，或名曰寒热。（一名大风，详长刺节论。又《脉经》曰∶脉从尺邪入阳明者，大风也，
寒热，是其脉必洪长而外鼓也。）
风中五脏六腑之俞，各入其门户，则为偏风。（上《素问》。）
心风之状，汗自出，而好偃仰卧，不可转侧，言语狂妄。若唇正赤者生，宜于心俞灸之。若唇面或青，或
黄，或白，或黑，其色不定，眼 动不休者，心绝也，五六日死。
肝风之状，青色围目连额上，但坐不得倨偻者，可治，宜于肝俞灸之。若喘而目直视，唇面俱青者死。
脾风之状，一身通黄，腹大而满，不嗜食，四肢不收持。（巢论∶有吐咸汁。）若手足未青，面黄者，可
治。不然（巢论云∶手足青。）即死，宜于脾俞灸之。
肾风之状，但倨坐，而腰脚重痛也。视其腰下，未生黄点者，（巢论云∶如饼粢大，）可治。不然（巢论云∶
若齿黄赤，鬓发直，头面土色者，不可治。）即死，宜于肾俞灸之。
肺风之状，胸中气满，冒昧，汗出，鼻不闻香臭，喘而不得卧者可治。（巢论云∶视目下，鼻上下两
边，下行至口，色白可治。）若失血及妄语者，（巢论云∶若色黄为肺已伤，化为血。）七八日死，宜
于肺俞灸之。（上《中藏经》。）
凡中风，鼻下赤黑相兼，吐沫而身直者，七日死。又心脾俱中风，则舌强不能言。肝肾俱中风，则手足不
遂。（上巢氏。按∶小儿脐风与急慢惊风诊法，似当根据此例察其面目，以决其生死。）
按∶百病皆有色诊，而前篇之末，独系疸癫，此篇更专述风证者，以风为百病之长，而疸与癫为急病也。
凡急病五色之吉凶生死，皆可取例于此。若必欲备载百病色诊，则《内经》及百家所述繁矣，不胜录也。
（引自《黄帝内经》、《中藏经》、《诸病源候论》。）
肺风的症状，表现为多汗、怕风，面色苍白无华，时常咳嗽且气短，白天病情稍轻，傍晚则加重，诊察部位在眉毛上方，其色为白。
心风的症状，表现为多汗、怕风，口唇焦枯干裂，容易发怒惊恐，面色赤红，病情严重时言语不利，（张仲景说：风温病，难以说话；又说：说话迟缓是风邪所致。）诊察部位在口部，其色为赤。
肝风的症状，表现为多汗、怕风，情绪悲伤，面色微青。咽喉干燥，易怒，有时厌恶女性，诊察部位在眼下，其色为青。
脾风的症状，表现为多汗、怕风，身体倦怠懒惰，四肢不想活动，面色淡黄不泽，食欲不振，诊察部位在鼻上，其色为黄。
肾风的症状，表现为多汗、怕风，面部浮肿如满，脊背疼痛不能直立，面色黑，小便排泄不畅，诊察部位在肌肉表面，其色为黑。（肾风患者，面部浮肿，言语受阻。另外面肿称为风。此处“肌”字恐怕是“颧”字、“颐”字或“耳”字的讹误，等待考证。）
胃风的症状，颈部多汗，怕风，饮食难以下咽，胸膈堵塞不通，腹部常感胀满，受寒则腹胀，进食生冷食物则腹泻，形体消瘦而腹部膨大。（颈部是阳明经脉气血旺盛之处。）
首风的症状，（指洗头后受风，然而头风并不全是因为刚洗完头，经典特意列举其大意罢了，后文仿照此例理解。）头面部多汗，怕风，通常在起风前一天病情加重，头痛剧烈无法外出或进入室内，到了起风的日子，病情才稍微减轻。
漏风的症状，（指饮酒后受风。）或多汗，不能穿单衣，吃饭时出汗，严重时全身出汗，喘息，怕风，衣服常常湿透，口干善渴，不能从事劳累的工作。
泄风的症状，（林亿说：应当作内风。我怀疑内风是与泄风形证相近，或者内风即泄风，所以没有单独列出。）多汗，汗水流出浸湿衣服，口中干燥，风邪从上渍入，不能从事劳累工作，全身疼痛，伴有恶寒。（“上渍”一句与末尾一句，怀疑有倒置错误。）
风邪是百病的先导，善于游走且变化多端，腠理开泄则感到寒冷，腠理闭塞则发热且胸闷，其寒气衰退时影响饮食，其热气消耗肌肉，使人战栗而不能进食，所以名叫寒热。
风邪随阳明经入胃，沿经脉上行，到达目内眦。如果人肥胖，则风邪不得外泄，就会形成热中症而目黄；如果人瘦弱，则风邪外泄而寒，就会形成寒中症而流泪。
风邪随太阳经一同入体，运行于各脉的俞穴，散布在分肉之间，与卫气相搏结，其道不利，所以使肌肉肿胀生疮疡，卫气有所凝滞而不行，所以肌肉会有麻木不仁的感觉。
疠病，是由于营气热盛，其气不清，所以鼻梁塌陷且面色败坏，皮肤溃疡。风寒客居在脉中不去，（脉风成为疠病，）名叫疠风，或者名叫寒热。（一名大风，详见《长刺节论》。另外《脉经》说：脉象从尺部邪入阳明者，是大风，寒热，其脉必洪大长而向外鼓动。）
风邪侵入五脏六腑的俞穴，各自进入其门户，就形成偏风。（出自《素问》。）
心风的症状，汗自出，喜欢仰卧，不可转侧，言语狂妄。如果嘴唇正赤色者预后良好，适宜在心俞穴施灸。如果唇面颜色或青、或黄、或白、或黑，颜色不定，眼睛跳动不止者，是心气绝的表现，五到六天死亡。
肝风的症状，青色环绕眼睛连及额头，只能坐着不能弯腰曲背者，可治，适宜在肝俞穴施灸。如果气喘且眼睛直视，唇面都发青者死亡。
脾风的症状，全身通黄，腹部大而胀满，食欲不振，四肢无力支撑。（《诸病源候论》说：有吐出咸味汁液的情况。）如果手足未发青，面色黄者，可治。否则（《诸病源候论》说：手足发青。）即死，适宜在脾俞穴施灸。
肾风的症状，只能蹲坐，腰脚沉重疼痛。观察其腰部以下，如果没有生出黄点者，（《诸病源候论》说：如饼渣大小，）可治。否则（《诸病源候论》说：如果牙齿黄赤，鬓发直竖，头面呈土色者，不可治。）即死，适宜在肾俞穴施灸。
肺风的症状，胸中气满，头晕目眩，出汗，鼻子闻不到香臭，气喘且不能平卧者可治。（《诸病源候论》说：观察眼下，鼻上下两边，下行至口，色白可治。）如果出现失血及胡言乱语者，（《诸病源候论》说：如果色黄为肺已伤，化为血。）七到八天死亡，适宜在肺俞穴施灸。（以上出自《中藏经》。）
凡是中风，鼻下红黑相间，吐沫且身体挺直者，七天死亡。另外心脾同时中风，则舌强不能说话。肝肾同时中风，则手足不遂。（以上出自《诸病源候论》。按：小儿脐风与急慢惊风的诊法，似乎应当根据这个例子观察其面目，以判断生死。）
按：百病都有色诊，而前篇末尾，唯独涉及黄疸和癫病，本篇更专门论述风证，是因为风是百病之长，而黄疸与癫病属于急病。凡是急病五色显示的吉凶生死，都可以从此处取法。如果一定要详尽记载百病的色诊，那么《黄帝内经》及百家所述就非常繁杂了，不胜枚举记录。
(Quoted from *Huangdi Neijing* [Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon], *Zhongzang Jing* [Classic of the Middle Caverns], and *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* [Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Symptoms of Various Diseases].)
The manifestations of Lung Wind (Lung Wind Syndrome) include profuse sweating, aversion to wind, a pale and lusterless complexion, frequent coughing with shortness of breath. The condition is milder during the day and worsens in the evening. Diagnosis is performed at the area above the eyebrows, where the color appears white.
The manifestations of Heart Wind (Heart Wind Syndrome) include profuse sweating, aversion to wind, dry and cracked lips, irritability, and fright. The complexion is red. When the disease is severe, speech becomes difficult. (Zhang Zhongjing stated: In Fengwen [Wind-Warmth] disease, speaking is difficult; he also stated: Sluggish speech indicates Wind pathogen.) Diagnosis is performed at the mouth, where the color appears red.
The manifestations of Liver Wind (Liver Wind Syndrome) include profuse sweating, aversion to wind, sadness, and a slightly bluish complexion. There is dryness in the throat, irritability, and sometimes an aversion to women. Diagnosis is performed below the eyes, where the color appears green/blue.
The manifestations of Spleen Wind (Spleen Wind Syndrome) include profuse sweating, aversion to wind, bodily lethargy and laziness, reluctance to move the limbs, a dull yellowish complexion, and loss of appetite. Diagnosis is performed above the nose, where the color appears yellow.
The manifestations of Kidney Wind (Kidney Wind Syndrome) include profuse sweating, aversion to wind, facial edema resembling fullness, back pain preventing upright standing, a blackish complexion, and difficulty in urination. Diagnosis is performed on the muscle surface, where the color appears black. (Patients with Kidney Wind have swollen faces and impaired speech. Additionally, facial swelling is termed "Wind." The character "Ji" [muscle] here is likely a textual error for "Quan" [cheekbone], "Yi" [jaw], or "Er" [ear]; this awaits verification.)
The manifestations of Stomach Wind (Stomach Wind Syndrome) include profuse sweating in the neck, aversion to wind, difficulty swallowing food and drink, blockage in the chest and diaphragm, frequent abdominal distension, bloating upon exposure to cold, diarrhea after consuming cold food, emaciated body shape but a distended abdomen. (The neck is where the Yangming Meridian Qi and Blood are abundant.)
The manifestations of Head Wind (Head Wind Syndrome) refer to wind invasion after bathing. However, head wind is not solely caused by recent bathing; the classic text specifically highlights the general principle, and subsequent texts follow this example. Symptoms include profuse sweating on the head and face, aversion to wind. The condition worsens one day before the wind arrives, with severe headache preventing going out or entering indoors. On the day of the wind, the condition improves slightly.
The manifestations of Leaking Wind (Leaking Wind Syndrome) refer to wind invasion after drinking alcohol. Symptoms include profuse sweating, inability to wear thin clothes, sweating while eating, and in severe cases, whole-body sweating, panting, aversion to wind, constantly wet clothes, dry mouth with excessive thirst, and inability to perform strenuous work.
The manifestations of Draining Wind (Draining Wind Syndrome): Lin Yi stated it should be read as Internal Wind. I suspect Internal Wind has similar symptoms to Draining Wind, or perhaps they are the same, hence not listed separately. Symptoms include profuse sweating, sweat soaking the clothes, dry mouth, wind invading from above, inability to perform strenuous work, whole-body pain, and aversion to cold. (The phrase "invading from above" and the final sentence are suspected to be inverted.)
Wind is the leader of all diseases; it moves rapidly and changes frequently. When the Cou Li [pores/skin texture] open, there is a chilling cold sensation; when closed, there is fever and chest stuffiness. As the cold qi declines, it affects digestion; as the heat qi consumes, it wastes muscles, causing shivering and anorexia. Hence, it is named Hanre [Cold-Heat].
When Wind Qi enters the stomach via the Yangming Meridian and ascends along the meridian to the inner canthus of the eye: If the person is obese, the Wind Qi cannot escape externally, leading to Rezhong [Middle Heat] with yellow eyes; if the person is thin, the Wind Qi escapes externally and turns cold, leading to Hanzhong [Middle Cold] with tearing.
When Wind Qi enters together with the Taiyang Meridian, circulating through the Shu points of various meridians and scattering between the Fenrou [intermuscular spaces], interfering with Wei Qi [Defensive Qi], the pathway becomes obstructed. This causes muscle swelling and sores. Since Wei Qi stagnates and fails to circulate, the flesh becomes insensible (numb).
Li Disease [Leprosy/Severe Skin Disease]: Ying Qi [Nutritive Qi] is hot and turbid, causing nasal collapse and a sallow complexion, with skin ulcers. When Wind-Cold lodges in the vessels and does not depart (Vessel Wind becomes Li Disease), it is called Lifeng [Wind Leprosy] or Hanre [Cold-Heat]. (Also known as Dafeng [Great Wind], see *Chang Ci Jie Lun*. Additionally, *Mai Jing* states: When the pulse shows evil entering Yangming from the Chi position, it is Great Wind, Cold-Heat; the pulse must be large, long, and bulging outward.)
When Wind invades the Shu points of the Zang and Fu organs, entering their respective gates, it forms Pianfeng [Partial Wind]. (From *Suwen*).
The manifestations of Heart Wind include spontaneous sweating, a preference for supine lying, inability to turn sideways, and delirious speech. If the lips are bright red, the prognosis is good; moxibustion should be applied to Xinshu [BL15]. If the lip and facial colors vary (green, yellow, white, or black) unpredictably, and the eyes twitch continuously, it indicates Heart Qi exhaustion, leading to death within five to six days.
The manifestations of Liver Wind include green color encircling the eyes and extending to the forehead. If the patient can only sit and cannot bend forward, it is treatable; moxibustion should be applied to Ganshu [BL18]. If there is panting, fixed staring eyes, and blue-green lips and face, it indicates death.
The manifestations of Spleen Wind include generalized jaundice, abdominal distension and fullness, anorexia, and weakness of the four limbs unable to support the body. (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* notes: vomiting of salty fluid may occur). If the hands and feet are not cyanotic and the face is yellow, it is treatable. Otherwise (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* notes: cyanosis of hands and feet), it leads to death. Moxibustion should be applied to Pishu [BL20].
The manifestations of Kidney Wind include an inability to squat or sit upright, with heavy and painful waist and legs. Observing below the waist, if no yellow spots appear (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* notes: size of a cake crumb), it is treatable. Otherwise (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* notes: yellow-red teeth, straight beard/hair, earthen-colored face), it is untreatable and leads to death. Moxibustion should be applied to Shenshu [BL23].
The manifestations of Lung Wind include chest fullness, dizziness, sweating, anosmia, panting, and inability to lie flat. These are treatable. (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* notes: observing below the eyes, both sides of the nose, descending to the mouth; if white, it is treatable). If there is hemoptysis/blood loss and delirium (*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* notes: yellow color indicates Lung injury transforming into blood), death occurs within seven to eight days. Moxibustion should be applied to Feishu [BL13]. (Above from *Zhongzang Jing*).
In all cases of Zhongfeng [Wind Stroke], if the area below the nose is mixed red and black, with foaming and rigid body posture, death occurs in seven days. Additionally, if both Heart and Spleen are affected by Wind, the tongue becomes stiff and speech is lost. If both Liver and Kidney are affected by Wind, the limbs become paralyzed. (Above from *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun*. Note: The diagnostic methods for pediatric Omphalospasm [Umbilical Wind] and acute/chronic convulsive winds seem to rely on this example of examining the face and eyes to determine survival.)
Note: All diseases have complexion diagnoses. The end of the previous chapter focused on Jaundice and Dian [Epilepsy/Mental Disorder], while this chapter focuses specifically on Wind syndromes because Wind is the leader of all diseases, and Jaundice and Dian are acute conditions. The auspicious/inauspicious signs and life/death prognoses indicated by the five colors in acute diseases can all be exemplified here. If one were to exhaustively record the complexion diagnoses for all hundred diseases, the descriptions in *Neijing* and various schools would be too numerous to list completely.