大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，胸中气满，喘息不便，其气动形，期六月死。真脏脉见，予之期日。（肺绝。）
大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，胸中气满，喘息不便，内痛引肩
项，期一月死。真脏见，乃予之期日。（心绝。）
大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，胸中气满，喘息不便，内痛引肩项，身热，脱肉破 ，真脏见，十日（原作月，非。）
之内死。（脾绝。）
大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，肩髓内消，动作益衰，真脏未见，
期一岁。见其真脏，乃予之期日。（肾绝。肩髓之肩，疑是骨字之讹。）
大骨枯槁，大肉陷下，胸中气满，腹内痛，心中不便，肩项（肩项上似当有引字。）身热，破 脱肉，
目眶陷，真脏见，目不见人，立死。其见人者，至其所不胜之时则死。（肝绝。）
急虚身中，卒至五脏闭绝，脉道不通，气不往来，譬于堕溺，不可为期。其脉绝不来，若一息五六至，其
形肉虽不脱，真脏虽不见，犹死也。（急有虚邪而身中之，猝令五脏气闭，
如堕溺不可期也。脉法∶再动一至，故一息五六至者，十动以上也。林亿以为误文，疏矣。上《素问》。）
一呼三至，至一呼六至者，（此一动一至之例也。）此至之脉也。一呼一至，至四呼一至者，此损之脉
也。至脉从下上，损脉从上下。（上下即内外也。吴师朗谓虚损有外感内伤两大端，即此义。）一
损损于皮毛，皮聚而毛落。二损损于血脉，血脉虚少，不能荣于五脏六腑也。三损损于肌肉，肌肉消瘦，饮
食不为肌肤。四损损于筋，筋缓不能自收持。五损损于骨，骨痿不能起于床。反此者，至之为病也。
从上下者，骨痿不能起于床者死。从下上者，皮聚而毛落者死。（《灵枢》本脏篇叙五脏内伤，均以
毛悴色夭为死证，即此义。）损其肺者益其气，损其心者调其荣卫，
损其脾者调其饮食，适其寒温，损其肝者缓其中，损其肾者益其精。（《难经》。）
大骨（指躯干骨骼）枯槁，大肉（指肌肉隆起处）塌陷，胸中气机壅满，呼吸喘息不畅，气息扰动身形，预计六个月后死亡。若出现真脏脉（无胃气的脉象），则告知具体的死期。（此为肺绝。）
大骨枯槁，大肉塌陷，胸中气机壅满，呼吸喘息不畅，内部疼痛牵引至肩颈，预计一个月后死亡。若出现真脏脉，则告知具体的死期。（此为心绝。）
大骨枯槁，大肉塌陷，胸中气机壅满，呼吸喘息不畅，内部疼痛牵引至肩颈，身体发热，肌肉极度消瘦且皮肤破裂，若出现真脏脉，十日内死亡。（原文作“月”，非是，应为“日”。此为脾绝。）
大骨枯槁，大肉塌陷，肩部骨髓内消，动作日益衰退，若未出现真脏脉，预计一年死亡；若出现真脏脉，则告知具体的死期。（此为肾绝。“肩髓”之“肩”字，疑为“骨”字之误。）
大骨枯槁，大肉塌陷，胸中气机壅满，腹内疼痛，心中烦闷不适，疼痛牵引肩颈，身体发热，肌肉消瘦皮肤破裂，眼眶凹陷，若出现真脏脉，眼睛看不见人，立即死亡。若还能看见人，则在其所不胜的时辰死亡。（此为肝绝。）
急虚身中，猝然导致五脏闭绝，脉道不通，气机无法往来，如同从高处坠落或溺水，无法预测死期。若脉搏断绝不来，或者一呼一吸间脉动五六次，虽然形体肌肉尚未脱失，真脏脉尚未显现，也是死证。（这是急邪侵入体内，猝然使五脏之气闭塞，如同坠溺般不可预测。脉法：正常是一呼一动、一吸一动，故一息五六至属于十动以上。林亿认为是误文，是错误的。出自《素问》。）
一呼脉动三次，到一呼脉动六次的，（这是至脉的例子。）称为至脉。一呼脉动一次，到四呼才脉动一次的，称为损脉。至脉的病势由下向上发展，损脉的病势由上向下发展。（上下即内外之意。吴师朗认为虚损分为外感和内伤两大端，即此义。）
一损损伤于皮毛，表现为皮肤聚缩而毛发脱落。二损损伤于血脉，血脉虚少，不能滋养五脏六腑。三损损伤于肌肉，肌肉消瘦，饮食不能转化为肌肤营养。四损损伤于筋，筋脉弛缓不能自主收持。五损损伤于骨，骨痿弱不能起床。反之，若是至脉导致的疾病，则病势相反。
病势从上向下发展的，骨痿不能起床者死。病势从下向上发展的，皮肤聚缩而毛发脱落者死。（《灵枢·本脏篇》叙述五脏内伤，均以毛发憔悴、面色夭折为死证，即此义。）
损伤肺的，补益其气；损伤心的，调和其营卫；损伤脾的，调节饮食，适应寒温；损伤肝的，舒缓其中焦郁结；损伤肾的，补益其精。（出自《难经》。）
The large bones are withered and emaciated, the large muscles (muscular prominences) have collapsed, there is fullness of qi in the chest, difficult and labored breathing, the movement of qi disturbs the body form, death is expected within six months. If the Zang-organ pulse (pulse devoid of Stomach Qi) appears, the specific day of death is predicted. (This indicates Lung Exhaustion.)
The large bones are withered and emaciated, the large muscles have collapsed, there is fullness of qi in the chest, difficult and labored breathing, internal pain radiating to the shoulders and neck, death is expected within one month. If the Zang-organ pulse appears, the specific day of death is predicted. (This indicates Heart Exhaustion.)
The large bones are withered and emaciated, the large muscles have collapsed, there is fullness of qi in the chest, difficult and labored breathing, internal pain radiating to the shoulders and neck, fever, extreme muscle wasting and skin cracking, if the Zang-organ pulse appears, death occurs within ten days (the original text says "month," which is incorrect; it should be "day"). (This indicates Spleen Exhaustion.)
The large bones are withered and emaciated, the large muscles have collapsed, the marrow of the shoulder area dissipates internally, physical movements decline progressively. If the Zang-organ pulse has not yet appeared, death is expected within one year. If the Zang-organ pulse appears, the specific day of death is predicted. (This indicates Kidney Exhaustion. The character "shoulder" in "shoulder marrow" is suspected to be a textual error for "bone".)
The large bones are withered and emaciated, the large muscles have collapsed, there is fullness of qi in the chest, abdominal pain, mental restlessness and discomfort, pain radiating to the shoulders and neck, fever, muscle wasting and skin cracking, sunken eye sockets. If the Zang-organ pulse appears and the patient cannot see people, death is immediate. If the patient can still see people, death occurs during the time phase when the Liver is overcome by its controlling element. (This indicates Liver Exhaustion.)
Sudden deficiency and invasion by pathogenic factors lead abruptly to the closure and exhaustion of the five Zang organs, obstruction of the vessel pathways, and cessation of qi circulation. This is akin to falling from a height or drowning, making the prediction of death impossible. If the pulse ceases completely, or beats five to six times per respiration cycle, even if the body form and flesh have not yet wasted away and the Zang-organ pulse has not yet appeared, death will occur. (This refers to sudden invasion by severe pathogenic factors causing abrupt closure of Zang qi, unpredictable like falling or drowning. Pulse methodology: normally one beat per inspiration and one per expiration; thus five to six beats per cycle exceeds ten beats. Lin Yi considered this a textual error, which is incorrect. From *Su Wen*.)
Three beats per inspiration, up to six beats per inspiration, (this is an example of the *Zhi* pulse pattern), is called the *Zhi* pulse (Excessive pulse). One beat per inspiration, up to one beat every four inspirations, is called the *Sun* pulse (Deficient pulse). The *Zhi* pulse pathology progresses from below upwards; the *Sun* pulse pathology progresses from above downwards. (Above and below refer to interior and exterior. Wu Shilang stated that deficiency and wasting diseases are divided into two main categories: external contraction and internal injury, which aligns with this meaning.)
First degree of damage affects the skin and hair, manifesting as contracted skin and fallen hair. Second degree of damage affects the blood vessels, resulting in deficient and scanty blood vessels unable to nourish the five Zang and six Fu organs. Third degree of damage affects the muscles, resulting in emaciation where food intake fails to generate flesh. Fourth degree of damage affects the sinews, resulting in flaccid sinews unable to maintain control. Fifth degree of damage affects the bones, resulting in bone atrophy inability to rise from bed. Conversely, if caused by the *Zhi* pulse, the disease progression is reversed.
If the pathology progresses from above downwards, bone atrophy preventing rising from bed leads to death. If the pathology progresses from below upwards, contracted skin and fallen hair lead to death. (*Ling Shu: Ben Zang* chapter describes internal injury to the five Zang organs, taking withered hair and sallow complexion as signs of impending death, which corresponds to this meaning.)
For damage to the Lung, benefit its Qi. For damage to the Heart, regulate Ying and Wei. For damage to the Spleen, regulate diet and adapt to cold and warmth. For damage to the Liver, soothe the middle Jiao. For damage to the Kidney, benefit its Essence. (From *Nan Jing*.)