一名谷实
甘，平。入足太阴经气分。益颜色，充肌肤，利阴气，通九窍，逐水明目。得茯苓，治
水臌。得大腹皮，除水肿。
调井水，治喉痹。
水浸，浮者去之，酒拌蒸，焙干用。久服、多服，成骨软痿症。脾胃阴虚，肾水不足，
口舌干燥，俱禁用。
树汁
甘，平。治天行病后胀满，涂癣及蝎螫犬咬伤。
树皮
逐水。
树叶
煎汤洗恶疮瘾疹。煎汁如饧，空腹一日三服，治水肿。
苦，寒。入手太阴经血分。主屈曲下行。泻三焦之郁火，导痞块中之伏邪，最清胃脘之
血热
。心烦懊 ，颠倒不眠，脐下血滞，小便不利，皆此治之。得滑石，治血淋溺秘。得良姜，
治寒热腹痛。得柏皮，治身热发黄。配连翘，治心经留热。（心热则赤淋。）佐柴胡、白芍，
治肝胆郁火。使生地、丹皮，治吐衄不止。
微炒去皮，水煎二十枚，治吃饭不化直出。
上焦、中焦，连壳。下焦，去壳。洗去黄浆炒用。泻火，生用。止血，炒黑。内热，用仁。
表热，用皮。淋症，童
便炒。退虚火，盐水炒。劫心胃火痛，姜汁炒。热痛，乌药拌炒。清
虚火上升，二者禁用。
山栀、丹皮、白芍、龙胆，皆泻肝家之火，其中却自有别。盖肝喜散，遏之则劲，宜用
栀子以清其气，气清火亦清。
肝得辛为补，丹皮之辛，从其性以醒之，是即为补，肝受补，气展而火亦平。肝气过散，宜
白芍制之，平其性即所以泻
其火，使之不得自逞。火盛肝气必实，龙胆苦以泄其气，寒以制其火，故非实胆草勿用。如
不审其究竟，而混投之，是
伐其生生之气，即使火气悉除，而人已惫矣。
又名谷实。味甘，性平。归足太阴脾经的气分。能改善面色，充实肌肤，通利阴气，疏通九窍，驱逐水湿，明目。配伍茯苓，可治疗水臌（腹部积水胀大）。配伍大腹皮，可消除水肿。
用井水调服，可治疗喉痹（咽喉肿痛闭塞）。
用水浸泡，浮起的去掉，用酒拌后蒸熟，焙干后使用。长期服用、过量服用，会导致骨软痿症（骨骼软弱无力之症）。脾胃阴虚，肾水不足，口舌干燥者，均禁用。
树汁
味甘，性平。治疗时行病（流行性疾病）后的腹胀满，外涂可治癣及蝎螫、犬咬伤。
树叶
煎汤外洗恶疮瘾疹（皮肤红肿瘙痒的皮疹）。煎取浓汁如饴糖状，空腹每日三次服用，可治疗水肿。
山栀（栀子）
味苦，性寒。入手太阴肺经的血分。主引导气血屈曲下行。泻三焦的郁火，导引痞块中的伏邪，最擅长清胃脘的血热。心烦懊恼，辗转反侧不能入睡，脐下血滞，小便不利，皆可用此治疗。配伍滑石，可治疗血淋溺秘（尿血且排尿困难）。配伍良姜，可治疗寒热腹痛。配伍黄柏，可治疗身热发黄。配伍连翘，可治疗心经留热。（心热则导致赤淋。）佐以柴胡、白芍，可治疗肝胆郁火。配合生地、丹皮，可治疗吐血衄血不止。
微炒去皮，用水煎煮二十枚，可治疗吃饭不消化直接排出。
上焦、中焦病变，连壳使用。下焦病变，去壳使用。洗去黄色浆液后炒用。用于泻火，生用。用于止血，炒黑。用于内热，用仁。用于表热，用皮。淋症，用童便炒制。用于退虚火，用盐水炒制。用于劫除心胃火痛，用姜汁炒制。用于热痛，用乌药拌炒。用于清虚火上升，这两种情况（指用仁和用皮）均禁用。
山栀、丹皮、白芍、龙胆，都能泻肝家之火，但其中自有区别。肝喜疏散，遏制它则火势更劲，宜用栀子来清其气，气清火亦清。
肝得辛味为补，丹皮的辛味，顺应肝性以唤醒它，这就是补，肝得到补益，气机舒展而火亦平。肝气过散，宜用白芍制约它，平和其性就是泻其火，使其不能肆意妄为。火盛时肝气必实，龙胆草苦以泄其气，寒以制其火，所以若非实证胆草勿用。如果不审察究竟，而混投这些药物，这是伐害人的生生之气，即使火气全部清除，人也已疲惫不堪了。
**Broussonetia Fruit (Chushizi)**
Also known as *Gushi*. Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. Enters the Qi level of the Foot-Taiyin Splein Meridian. Improves complexion, nourishes muscles and skin, promotes the flow of Yin Qi, unblocks the nine orifices, expels water retention, and brightens the eyes. Combined with *Fuling* (Poria), it treats *Shuigu* (ascites/water distension). Combined with *Dafupi* (Areca Peel), it eliminates edema.
Mixed well water for administration to treat *Houbi* (sore throat with obstruction).
Soak in water, discard floating seeds, mix with wine, steam, dry by baking, and use. Long-term or excessive consumption may lead to *Guoruan Wai Zheng* (osteomalacia/weakness of bones). Contraindicated in cases of Spleen-Stomach Yin deficiency, Kidney Water insufficiency, and dry mouth and tongue.
**Tree Sap**
Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. Treats abdominal distension following epidemic diseases; applied topically for tinea, scorpion stings, and dog bites.
**Tree Bark**
Expels water retention.
**Tree Leaves**
Decocted for washing to treat severe sores and urticaria (*Yinzhen*). Decoct into a thick syrup-like consistency, taken orally on an empty stomach three times a day to treat edema.
**Gardenia Fruit (Shanzhi)**
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature. Enters the Blood level of the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. Primarily guides Qi and Blood downward. Clears stagnant Fire from the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), directs latent pathogens from mass formations, and is particularly effective in clearing Blood Heat in the stomach region. It treats restlessness, mental agitation, insomnia, blood stasis below the umbilicus, and difficult urination. Combined with *Huashi* (Talcum), it treats *Xuelin* (hematuria with dysuria). Combined with *Liangjiang* (Galangal Rhizome), it treats alternating chills and fever with abdominal pain. Combined with *Baipi* (Phellodendron Bark), it treats fever with jaundice. Paired with *Lianqiao* (Forsythia Fruit), it treats lingering Heat in the Heart Meridian. (Heart Heat leads to red urine.) Assisted by *Chaihu* (Bupleurum Root) and *Baishao* (White Peony Root), it treats stagnant Fire in the Liver and Gallbladder. Used with *Shengdi* (Rehmannia Root) and *Danpi* (Moutan Cortex), it treats persistent hematemesis and epistaxis.
Lightly stir-fried, husk removed, twenty fruits decocted in water to treat undigested food passing directly through the intestines.
For Upper Jiao and Middle Jiao disorders, use with the husk. For Lower Jiao disorders, remove the husk. Wash away the yellow pigment before stir-frying. Use raw for clearing Fire; use charred black for stopping bleeding. Use the kernel for internal Heat; use the husk for exterior Heat. For strangury (*Lin Syndrome*), process with child's urine. For defluxion of deficient Fire, process with salt water. For seizing Heart and Stomach Fire pain, process with ginger juice. For heat-pain, stir-fry with *Wuyao* (Lindera Root). For clearing ascending deficient Fire, both kernel and husk are contraindicated.
*Shanzhi*, *Danpi*, *Baishao*, and *Longdan* all clear Fire from the Liver, but their mechanisms differ. The Liver prefers dispersion; suppressing it intensifies the Fire. *Shanzhi* should be used to clear its Qi; when Qi is cleared, Fire is also cleared.
The Liver benefits from Pungent flavors; the Pungency of *Danpi* awakens the Liver according to its nature, which constitutes tonification. When the Liver is tonified, Qi flows freely, and Fire subsides. If Liver Qi is excessively dispersed, *Baishao* should be used to restrain it; pacifying its nature serves to drain its Fire, preventing it from running rampant. When Fire is excessive, Liver Qi becomes Excess. *Longdan* (Gentiana Root) uses Bitterness to drain Qi and Coldness to control Fire; therefore, it should only be used for Excess patterns. If one fails to examine the root cause and indiscriminately administers these herbs, it damages the vital generating energy. Even if the Fire is completely eradicated, the patient will already be exhausted.