味辛、甘，微温、微寒，无毒。主明目益精，除水气，疗血逆大热，头痛，心烦。久服
轻身。茎，主瘾疹痒，可作
浴汤。一名益母，一名益明，一名大札，一名贞蔚。生海滨池泽，
五月采。
今处处有。叶如荏，方茎，子形细长三棱。方用亦稀。
〔谨案〕捣茺蔚茎，敷疔肿，服汁使疔肿毒内消。又下子死腹中，主产后血胀闷，诸杂
毒肿、丹游等肿。取汁如豆
滴耳中，主 耳。中虺蛇毒敷之良。
味辛，温，无毒。主邪气，辟毒疫温鬼，强志，主淋露。疗气劣，肌中偏寒，主气不足，
消毒，杀鬼精物、温疟、
蛊毒，行药之精。久服不梦寤魇寐。轻身致神仙。一名蜜香。生永
昌山谷。
此即青木香也。永昌不复贡，今皆从外国舶上来，乃云大秦国。以疗毒肿，消恶气，有
验。今皆用合香，不入药用。
惟制蛀虫丸用之，常能煮以沐浴，大佳尔。
〔谨案〕此有二种，当以昆仑来者为佳，出西胡来者不善。叶似羊蹄而长
大，花如菊花，其实黄黑，所在亦有之。
味苦，寒、大寒，无毒。主骨间寒热，惊痫，邪气，续绝伤，定五脏，杀蛊毒。除胃中
伏热，时气温热，热泄下痢，
去肠中小虫，益肝胆气，止惊惕。久服益智，不忘，轻身耐老。一
朐，二月、八月、十一月、
十二月采根，阴干。
贯众为之使，恶防葵、地黄。今出近道，吴兴为胜。状似牛膝，味甚苦，故以胆为名。
【茺蔚子】
味辛、甘，性微温、微寒，无毒。主治明目益精，消除水气，治疗血逆大热、头痛、心烦。长期服用可使人身体轻盈。茎部，主治瘾疹瘙痒，可用于制作洗浴汤剂。又名益母，又名益明，又名大札，又名贞蔚。生长在海边池塘沼泽地带，五月采集。
现在各地都有。叶子像荏（一种植物），茎方形，种子形状细长呈三棱形。方书使用较少。
〔谨案〕捣碎茺蔚的茎，外敷疔疮肿毒，内服其汁液可使疔疮肿毒从内部消散。又能促使死胎排出，主治产后血胀闷痛，各种杂毒肿、丹游等肿。取汁液如豆粒大小滴入耳中，主治耳聋。被毒蛇咬伤时外敷此药效果良好。
【木香】
味辛，性温，无毒。主治邪气，辟除毒疫温鬼之气，增强意志，主治淋露（指小便淋漓或遗精滑泄）。治疗气虚、肌肉中偏寒，主治气不足，消毒，驱杀鬼精物、温疟、蛊毒，引导药力发挥精华作用。长期服用不做噩梦惊醒。使人身体轻盈，达到成仙的境界。又名蜜香。生长在永昌山谷。
这就是青木香。永昌不再进贡，现在都从外国商船运来，说是来自大秦国。用来治疗毒肿，消除恶气，有疗效。现在都用于合香（配制香料），不进入药用。
只有制作防蛀虫丸时使用它，经常煮水沐浴，非常好。
〔谨案〕这有两种，以昆仑山来的为佳品，出西胡来的不好。叶子像羊蹄草但更大更长，花像菊花，果实黄黑色，各地也有。
【龙胆】
味苦，性寒、大寒，无毒。主治骨间寒热，惊痫，邪气，接续绝伤，安定五脏，杀蛊毒。清除胃中伏热，时令气温热病，热性腹泻痢疾，去除肠道中小虫，补益肝胆之气，止住惊惕。长期服用能益智，不忘事，身体轻盈，耐老。一朐（量词，指一把），二月、八月、十一月、十二月采集根部，阴干。
贯众作为引经药，忌防葵、地黄。现在出产于近道，吴兴产的最好。形状像牛膝，味道很苦，所以以胆为名。
[Chongwei Zi (Leonurus Fructus)]
Taste: Pungent, Sweet. Nature: Slightly Warm, Slightly Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Primarily treats brightening the eyes and benefiting essence, eliminating fluid retention, treating blood rebellion with severe heat, headache, and mental restlessness. Long-term use makes the body feel light. The stem primarily treats urticaria and itching, and can be used to make bathing decoctions. Also known as Yimu (Motherwort), Yiming, Dazha, and Zhenwei. Grows in ponds and marshes by the sea; harvested in May.
Now available everywhere. Leaves resemble those of Perilla frutescens var. acuta (Ren); stems are square; seeds are slender and three-angled. Rarely used in prescriptions.
[Commentary]: Crush the stems of Chongwei and apply externally to carbuncles and swellings; drinking the juice helps dissipate the toxicity of carbuncles from within. It also expels retained dead fetus, treats postpartum abdominal distension and oppression due to blood stasis, various toxic swellings, and erysipelas-like swellings. Extracting juice and dripping it into the ear like a bean drop treats deafness. Applying it externally is effective for viper bites.
[Muxiang (Costi Rhizoma)]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Primarily treats pathogenic factors, wards off toxic epidemics and malevolent spirits, strengthens willpower, and treats enuresis or seminal emission. Treats qi deficiency, cold sensation in muscles, general insufficiency of qi, detoxification, expelling evil spirits and pathogens, warm malaria, gu poison, and enhances the efficacy of other medicines. Long-term use prevents nightmares and sleep disturbances. Makes the body light and promotes longevity/immortality. Also known as Mixiang. Grows in valleys of Yongchang.
This is Qingmuxiang (Aucklandiae Radix). Yongchang no longer offers tribute; now all comes via foreign merchant ships, reportedly from Daqin (Rome). Used to treat toxic swellings and eliminate malignant qi, with verified effects. Now mainly used in incense blends, not for medicinal purposes.
Only used in making anti-moth pills; boiling it for bathing is highly beneficial.
[Commentary]: There are two varieties; those from Kunlun are superior, while those from Western Hu are inferior. Leaves resemble Rumex crispus but are larger and longer; flowers resemble chrysanthemum; fruits are yellow-black; found in various places.
[Longdan (Gentianae Radix)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Cold, Very Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Primarily treats alternating cold and heat in bones, convulsions and epilepsy, pathogenic factors, healing severe injuries, stabilizing the five zang organs, killing gu poison. Clears latent heat in the stomach, seasonal febrile diseases, heat-type diarrhea and dysentery, removes small intestinal parasites, benefits liver and gallbladder qi, and stops fright and tremors. Long-term use improves intelligence, memory, makes the body light, and promotes resistance to aging. Quantity: One ju (a handful). Roots harvested in February, August, November, December; dried in shade.
Guanzhong (Cyathulae Radix) serves as an assistant herb; incompatible with Fangkui (Adenophorae Radix) and Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix). Currently produced in nearby regions, with Wuxing being the best quality. Resembles Achyranthes bidentata (Niuxi); taste is very bitter, hence named "Dan" (gall/bitter).