味甘，微寒，无毒。主筋急拘挛，不可屈伸，风湿痹，下气。除筋骨邪气不仁，利肠胃，
消水肿，令人能食。久服
轻身益气。其根，下三虫。一名解蠡，一名屋 ，一名起实，一名赣。生真定平泽及田野。
八月采实，采根无时。
真定县属常山郡，近道处处有，多生人家。交趾者子最大，彼土呼为杆珠。马援大取将
还，人谗以为珍珠也。实重
累者为良。用之取中仁。今小儿病蛔虫，取根煮汁糜食之甚香，而云蛔虫大效。
味甘、咸，寒，无毒。主气癃，止痛，利水道小便，除湿痹。男子伤中，女子
淋沥，不欲食，养肺，强阴，益精，令人有子，明目疗赤痛。久服轻身耐老。叶及根，味甘
、寒。主金疮，止血，衄鼻，瘀血，血瘕，下血，小便赤，止烦下气，除小虫。一名当道，
一名 苡，一名虾蟆衣，一名牛遗，一名胜舄。生真定平泽丘陵阪道中。五月五日采，
阴干。
人家及路旁甚多，其叶捣取汁服，疗泄精甚验。子性冷利，《仙经》亦服饵之，令人身
轻，能跳越岸谷，不老而长生
也。《韩诗》乃言 苡是木，似李，食其实，宜子孙，此为谬矣。
〔谨案〕今出开州者为最。
味辛，微温，无毒。主明目，目痛，泪出，除痹，补五脏，益精光。疗心腹腰痛。久服
轻身不老。一名 菥，一名
大蕺，一名马辛，一名大荠。生咸阳川泽及道旁。四月、五月
采，曝干。
得荆实、细辛良，恶干姜、苦参。今处处有之，人乃言是大荠子，俗用甚稀。
〔谨案〕《尔雅》云∶是大荠，然验
其味甘而不辛也。
薏苡仁：味甘，性微寒，无毒。主治筋脉拘急挛缩，关节不能屈伸，风湿痹痛，以及气逆上冲。能祛除筋骨间的邪气导致的麻木不仁，通利肠胃，消除水肿，增进食欲。长期服用可使人身体轻便，补益元气。其根部，能驱除体内的三种寄生虫。又名解蠡、屋（此处原文缺字或为衍文，依古籍常作“屋游”或类似，但按原文仅译“屋”）、起实、赣。产于真定平泽及田野间。八月采集果实，采集根部则无固定时间。真定县隶属于常山郡，沿路各地都有生长，多生于人家附近。交趾出产的薏苡仁果实最大，当地人称其为“杆珠”。马援曾大量采集带回，有人进谗言说它是珍珠。果实层层重叠者为上品。入药时取中间的种仁。如今小儿患蛔虫病，取根部煮汁拌粥食用，味道很香，且对蛔虫有显著疗效。
车前子：味甘、咸，性寒，无毒。主治小便不通（气癃），止痛，通利水道和小便，祛除湿痹。男子内伤，女子淋沥不尽，食欲不振，能滋养肺脏，强健阴精，补充精气，助孕生子，明目并治疗眼部红肿疼痛。长期服用可使人身体轻便，延缓衰老。其叶和根，味甘，性寒。主治金创（刀箭创伤），止血，治疗鼻出血，瘀血，血瘕（腹内结块），下血，小便赤涩，止烦渴，降气，驱除小虫。又名当道、（原文缺字，通常作“牛舌”或类似，此处依原文留空或略过不可读部分，结合下文“一名 苡”，推测为“车前”别名，但严格按原文提取实体，故保留空缺或忽略不可读字符，译为“一名[缺失]苡”）、虾蟆衣、牛遗、胜舄。产于真定平泽、丘陵及道路旁。五月五日采集，阴干。在人家和路旁非常多，将其叶片捣碎取汁服用，治疗遗精非常有效。车前子性质冷利，《仙经》中也记载服用它，能使人身体轻便，能跳跃跨越河岸山谷，不老而长生。《韩诗》却说薏苡是树木，像李子树，吃它的果实有利于子孙，这是错误的说法。〔谨案〕如今出产于开州的最好。
菥蓂（Xī Míng）：味辛，性微温，无毒。主治明目，眼痛，流泪，祛除痹症，补益五脏，增加精神光彩。治疗心腹腰痛。长期服用可使人身体轻便，延缓衰老。又名（原文缺字，通常作“荧”）、大蕺、马辛、大荠。产于咸阳川泽及道路旁。四月、五月采集，晒干。与荆实、细辛配伍效果好，忌与干姜、苦参同用。如今到处都有生长，人们却说是大荠的种子，民间使用很少。〔谨案〕《尔雅》说它是大荠，但验证其味道是甘而不辛。
Coix Seed (Yiyiren): Sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats tendon spasms and contractures, inability to flex or extend joints, wind-damp bi syndrome, and rebellious qi. It eliminates pathogenic factors from the bones and muscles causing numbness, promotes gastrointestinal function, reduces edema, and stimulates appetite. Long-term consumption lightens the body and tonifies qi. Its root expels three types of intestinal parasites. Also known as Jie Li, Wu, Qi Shi, and Gan. It grows in Pingze of Zhending and in fields. The fruits are harvested in August, while the roots can be harvested at any time. Zhending County belongs to Changshan Commandery; it is found everywhere along the roads, often growing near residences. Coix seeds from Jiaozhi are the largest, locally called "Gan Zhu." Ma Yuan collected large quantities to bring back, and slanderers claimed they were pearls. Seeds that are heavy and layered are considered superior. For use, the central kernel is taken. Currently, for children suffering from ascariasis (roundworm infection), boiling the root into a juice and mixing it with porridge is very fragrant and highly effective against roundworms.
Plantago Seed (Cheqianzi): Sweet and salty in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats urinary retention (qi long), relieves pain, promotes diuresis and urination, and dispels damp-bi. It treats internal injury in men, dysuria in women, loss of appetite, nourishes the lungs, strengthens yin, benefits essence, aids conception, brightens the eyes, and treats redness and pain. Long-term consumption lightens the body and delays aging. Its leaves and roots are sweet in taste and cold in nature. They treat traumatic injuries, stop bleeding, treat epistaxis, blood stasis, abdominal masses (xue jia), hematochezia/melena, dark urine, relieve thirst and lower rebellious qi, and eliminate small parasites. Also known as Dang Dao, [missing character] Yi, Xama Yi, Niu Yi, and Sheng Xi. It grows in Pingze, hills, and roadsides of Zhending. Harvested on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, dried in the shade. It is abundant near houses and roadsides. Crushing the leaves to extract juice and drinking it is very effective for treating seminal emission. Plantago seed has a cold and purgative nature; the *Immortal Classic* also records its ingestion, claiming it makes the body light, enables one to jump across riverbanks and valleys, prevents aging, and ensures longevity. The *Han Shi* claims that Coix is a tree resembling a plum tree, and eating its fruit benefits descendants, which is erroneous. [Note]: Those produced in Kaizhou are currently the best.
Chenopodium Seed (Xixing): Pungent in taste, slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily brightens the eyes, treats eye pain and tearing, dispels bi syndrome, tonifies the five zang organs, and enhances spirit and luster. It treats heart and abdominal pain and lower back pain. Long-term consumption lightens the body and delays aging. Also known as [missing character] Xi, Da Ji, Ma Xin, and Da Qi. It grows in the rivers and marshes of Xianyang and along roadsides. Harvested in April and May, sun-dried. It pairs well with Vitex Fruit (Jingshi) and Asarum Root (Xixin), but is incompatible with Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) and Sophora Root (Kushen). It is now found everywhere, yet people claim it is the seed of Shepherd's Purse (Da Qi), and it is rarely used in folk practice. [Note]: The *Erya* states it is Shepherd's Purse, but verification shows its taste is sweet rather than pungent.