治思虑伤脾。不能摄血。致血妄行。或健忘怔忡。惊怪盗汗。嗜卧少食。或大便不调。
心脾疼痛。疟痢郁结。或因病用药失宜。克伐伤脾。以致变症者。最宜之。
归脾汤内术 神。（白术黄 炙茯神各二钱。）参志香甘与枣仁。（人参酸枣仁炒研各二
钱。远志木香各五分。甘草炙一钱。）龙眼当归十味外。（龙眼肉五枚。当归二钱。）若加熟
地失其真。（本方只十味。薛氏加山栀丹皮各一钱。名为加味归脾汤。治脾虚发热颇效。近
医加熟地黄。名黑归脾汤。则支离甚矣。）
陈修园曰。此方汇集补药。虽无深义。然亦纯而不杂。浙江江苏市医。加入熟地黄一味。
名为黑归脾汤。则不通极矣。内经阴阳二字。所包甚广。而第就脏腑而言。言阳盛阳衰者。
指阳明而言。言阴盛阴衰者。指大阴而言。太阴者脾也。神农本经。补阴与补中二字互用。
盖以阴者中之守也。阴虚即是中虚。中虚即是阴虚。后人错认其旨。谓参 白术为气药。补
阳。归地芍药为血药。补阴。谓姜桂附子为热药。补阳。谓知柏生地为寒药。补阴。满腔都
是李士材薛立斋张景岳之庸论。则终身为误人之庸医矣。
今即以此方言之。方中诸品。甘温补脾。即是补阴之剂。而命方不为补而为归者。归还
其所固有也。妙在远志入心以治其源。即内经痿论所谓心主身之血脉。生成篇所谓诸血者皆
属于心之旨也。木香入脾以治其流。本草经名为五香。五为土数。香又入脾。藉其盛气。以
嘘血归脾之义也。方虽平钝。颇得金匮要略。调以甘药。令饮食增进。渐能充血生精。以复
真阴之不足。若加入熟地黄。则甘缓剂中。杂以壅滞之品。恐缓者过缓。壅者增壅。脾气日
困。不能输精入肾。欲补肾反以戕肾矣。又有逍遥散加入熟地黄。名为黑逍遥散。更为无知
妄作。吾知数年后。必将以四君子汤六君子汤生脉散等方。加入此味。名为黑四君子黑六君
子黑生脉散矣。堪发一叹。
治疗因思虑过度损伤脾脏。导致脾不能统摄血液。致使血液妄行溢出。或者出现健忘、心悸怔忡。惊悸、梦遗、盗汗。嗜睡、食欲不振。或者大便不调。
心脾部位疼痛。疟疾、痢疾及气机郁结。或者因为患病用药不当。攻伐药物损伤脾脏。从而导致产生变证的情况。此方最为适宜。
归脾汤由白术、茯神（各二钱）、人参、酸枣仁（炒研，各二钱）、远志、木香（各五分）、炙甘草（一钱）、龙眼肉（五枚）、当归（二钱）这十味药组成。如果加入熟地黄就失去了本方的真谛。（本方原本只有十味药。薛己加入了山栀、丹皮各一钱，命名为加味归脾汤，治疗脾虚发热颇为有效。近代医生加入熟地黄，命名为黑归脾汤，这就支离破碎、大错特错了。）
陈修园说：这个方子汇集了补益药物，虽然没有深奥的义理，但是纯粹而不杂乱。浙江、江苏一带的市井医生，在方中加入熟地黄一味药，命名为黑归脾汤，这就极其不通了。《内经》中“阴阳”二字涵盖的范围非常广泛，但如果仅从脏腑角度而言，说阳盛或阳衰，是指阳明经；说阴盛或阴衰，是指太阴经。太阴经就是脾脏。《神农本草经》中，“补阴”与“补中”两个词是互换使用的。大概因为阴是中气的守持者。阴虚就是中气虚，中气虚就是阴虚。后人错误理解了其中的旨意，认为人参、白术是气药，用来补阳；当归、地黄、芍药是血药，用来补阴；认为干姜、肉桂、附子是热药，用来补阳；认为知母、黄柏、生地黄是寒药，用来补阴。满脑子都是李中梓、薛己、张景岳那些平庸的论调，这样终身都会成为误人的庸医了。
现在就拿这个方子来说，方中的各种药材，甘温补脾，其实就是补阴的方剂。而命名这个方子不叫“补脾汤”而叫“归脾汤”，是因为要归还脾脏所固有的功能。妙处在于远志入心以治疗其本源，即《内经·痿论》所说的“心主身之血脉”，以及《灵枢·经脉篇》所说的“诸血者皆属于心”的宗旨。木香入脾以治理其流布，《本草经》称其为五香，五是土的数量，香气又入脾，借助其旺盛之气，来发挥使血液回归脾脏的意义。这个方子虽然平淡，但颇得《金匮要略》中“调以甘药，令饮食增进，渐能充血生精，以复真阴之不足”的精髓。如果加入熟地黄，那么在甘缓的药剂中，混杂了壅滞的药物，恐怕会让缓滞的更加缓滞，壅滞的更加壅滞，脾气日益困顿，不能将精微输布入肾，想要补肾反而伤害了肾。又有逍遥散加入熟地黄，命名为黑逍遥散，更是无知妄作。我知道几年后，必定会把四君子汤、六君子汤、生脉散等方剂，也加入这一味药，命名为黑四君子汤、黑六君子汤、黑生脉散了。真是令人叹息。
Treatment for spleen injury caused by excessive overthinking. This leads to the spleen's inability to control blood, resulting in reckless bleeding. It is also indicated for symptoms such as forgetfulness, palpitations (heart palpitations), fright, nocturnal emission, and night sweats. It treats lethargy, poor appetite, irregular bowel movements, pain in the heart and spleen regions, malaria, dysentery, and qi stagnation. It is particularly suitable for cases where improper medication during illness has damaged the spleen through purgative or attacking methods, leading to complicated syndromes.
Gui Pi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) consists of Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Fu Shen (Poria with Hostwood), each 2 qian; Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Chao Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, stir-fried and crushed), each 2 qian; Yuan Zhi (Polygalae Radix), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), each 5 fen; Zhi Gan Cao (Prepared Licorice Root) 1 qian; Long Yan Rou (Longan Aril) 5 pieces; Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2 qian. If Shu Di Huang (Prepared Rehmannia Root) is added, the true essence of the formula is lost. (The original formula contains only ten ingredients. Xue Ji added Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), each 1 qian, naming it Jia Wei Gui Pi Tang (Modified Restore the Spleen Decoction), which is quite effective for spleen deficiency with fever. Modern physicians add Shu Di Huang, naming it Hei Gui Pi Tang (Black Restore the Spleen Decoction), which is highly fragmented and incorrect.)
Chen Xiuyuan stated: This formula gathers various tonifying herbs. Although it lacks profound theoretical depth, it is pure and unadulterated. Physicians in Zhejiang and Jiangsu markets add a single ingredient, Shu Di Huang, naming it Hei Gui Pi Tang, which is extremely illogical. The terms "Yin" and "Yang" in Neijing (Classic of Internal Medicine) encompass a broad scope. However, when discussed specifically regarding Zang-Fu organs, referring to Yang excess or Yang deficiency points to the Yangming channel; referring to Yin excess or Yin deficiency points to the Taiyin channel. The Taiyin channel corresponds to the Spleen. In Shennong Bencao Jing (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica), the terms "tonify Yin" and "tonify Middle" are used interchangeably. This is because Yin serves as the guardian of the Middle Qi. Yin deficiency is equivalent to Middle Qi deficiency, and Middle Qi deficiency is equivalent to Yin deficiency. Later scholars misunderstood this intent, believing that Ren Shen and Bai Zhu are Qi-tonifying herbs that tonify Yang; Dang Gui, Di Huang, and Bai Shao are Blood-tonifying herbs that tonify Yin; Jiang (Ginger), Gui (Cinnamon Bark), and Fu Zi (Aconite Lateral Root) are hot-natured herbs that tonify Yang; Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex), and Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root) are cold-natured herbs that tonify Yin. Their minds are filled with the mediocre theories of Li Zhongzi, Xue Ji, and Zhang Jingyue. Thus, they will remain incompetent physicians who mislead others throughout their lives.
Taking this formula as an example, the various herbs in it are sweet and warm, tonifying the Spleen, which essentially constitutes a formula for tonifying Yin. The reason it is named "Gui Pi" (Restore the Spleen) rather than "Bu Pi" (Tonify the Spleen) is to restore what is inherently possessed by the Spleen. Its brilliance lies in Yuan Zhi entering the Heart to treat the root cause, aligning with the principle in Neijing · Wei Lun (Treatise on Flaccidity Syndromes) that "the Heart governs the blood vessels of the body," and the principle in Ling Shu · Jing Mai (Spiritual Pivot · Meridians) that "all blood belongs to the Heart." Mu Xiang enters the Spleen to regulate its flow. Ben Cao Jing (Classic of Materia Medica) calls it one of the "Five Fragrances." Five is the number associated with Earth, and fragrance enters the Spleen. It utilizes its vigorous qi to facilitate the meaning of returning blood to the Spleen. Although the formula is mild and unremarkable, it well captures the essence of Jin Gui Yao Lue (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet): "regulate with sweet medicines to increase food intake, gradually replenishing blood and generating essence to restore the insufficiency of True Yin." If Shu Di Huang is added, cloying and obstructive substances are mixed into the sweet and relaxing formula. This risks making the relaxing nature overly stagnant and the obstructive nature more blocked, causing Spleen Qi to become increasingly trapped. It fails to transport essence to the Kidney; attempting to tonify the Kidney ends up damaging it. Furthermore, Xiao Yao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) with added Shu Di Huang is named Hei Xiao Yao San (Black Free and Easy Wanderer Powder), which is even more ignorant and presumptuous. I predict that within a few years, physicians will inevitably add this ingredient to Si Jun Zi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction), Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction), and Sheng Mai San (Generate the Pulse Powder), naming them Hei Si Jun Zi Tang, Hei Liu Jun Zi Tang, and Hei Sheng Mai San respectively. This is truly lamentable.