答曰∶乃小儿未生时在母腹中，饮其秽血，及生下时养母不能以手拭口中之血，血随儿啼吞入腹中、留于脏腑，遂
生疮疹。又因秽血攻冲，或保护失时，故毒遂攻于目也。宜服蛤粉散。
五十八问曰∶小儿眼生翳障者，何也？
答曰∶眼为五脏精华，肝之外候，外感风热，内有痰实以壅肝脏，冲发于目，故眼生翳障也。宜服瞿麦散。
五十九问曰∶小儿眼生白障者，何也？
答曰∶乃肺实痰壅也。热攻于肝，肝属木，木色青，痰热攻冲于肝，灌注瞳人，
瞳人劳动，故生白膜，散漫于目为白障也。宜服干姜丸、琥珀散、救睛丸、半夏丸
六十问曰∶小儿雀目者，何也？
答曰∶乃肝不和也。此是五脏蕴热，经络凝滞，阴阳不和，营卫不通，使目昼明而夜昏，如雀目之 然也。宜用猪
肝膏。
六十一问曰∶小儿青盲者，何也？
答曰∶此脏腑虚弱，或因饮食所伤，脏腑不宜，元气衰微，故目不赤、不痛、无翳、无膜，而昏暗不见物也。宜服
羌活散、决明散、犀角象牙丸、人参菊花散。
六十二问曰∶小儿眼中生疮者，何也？
答曰∶此因初生洗浴之时，拭不干净，秽恶侵染于目两睑之间，一感外热即发粟米之疮，连胞睑赤烂也。宜服白藓
散。
六十三问曰∶大人胞睑生风粟疮者，何也？
答曰∶此脾肺二经受风邪热毒。肺主皮毛，脾主肌肉，二经失职，风热邪毒即乘虚而入，冲攻于目，故胞睑之间生
此风粟之疮，宜服鲨皮散、省风汤、石膏散。
六十四问曰∶青盲有白膜者，何也？
答曰∶此热伤于肝，风木相乘，相火煽动，消烁真阴，内损神光，外生白膜如
蝇羽之状也。宜服犀角象牙丸、决明丸。
六十五问曰∶泪目之状者，何也？
答曰∶此风邪客于目 ，津液乘之，常出冷泪，时发痒，故曰泪目之状也。宜服艾煎丸。
六十六问曰∶眼睛漏脓者，何也？
答曰∶脏腑太虚，风热之毒上攻于目，以致瞳人内损，故成漏脓。宜服救睛丸、琥珀散、通神丸。
六十七问曰∶眼偏视者，何也？
答曰∶此脏腑偏衰，血脉不通，阴阳错乱，目官失职，故一目上不见，一目下不见，名曰偏视，宜服换经肠、救睛
汤、五肝丸、犀角象牙丸、连翘散。
六十八问曰∶目眇者，何也？
答曰∶此经络偏绝，气血衰乏，或风邪停留，伤于内外，使大小 血气不均，故目眇也。宜服均气散、省风汤、朱
砂散。
六十九问曰∶双目忽然白睛肿者，何也？
答曰∶此肺气壅滞，热毒上攻，令白睛忽肿。若无疼痛宜服桑白皮汤、泻肺汤、
羊肝丸，痛者宜用泻心泻肝之剂。
七十问曰∶挑针眼者，何也？
答曰∶此脾经受热毒传于肝，肝受脾毒也，令胞睑上生疖名曰挑针，宜服消毒饮子、洗心散、当归丸。
七十一问曰∶眼撞打生翳障者，何也？
答曰∶目者，神水之宗，不受物触，忽被物触撞，令眼生翳障，过百日不治，宜服镇肝散、蒺藜散、顺光散。
七十二问曰∶风牵入睑者，何也？
答曰∶此脏腑不和，阴阳不分，经络凝滞，气血不通，为风乘虚而入，令目转
去也，故曰∶风牵入睑。宜服镇肝丸、和气丸、人参菊花散。
七十三问曰；瞳人散者，何也？
答曰∶此胆经损也。胆者，目之经，神水之源，胆碎则瞳人散也。宜服救睛琥珀膏。
回答说：这是因为小儿在母腹中尚未出生时，饮入了污秽之血；以及出生后，乳母未能用手擦拭婴儿口中的血液，血液随着婴儿啼哭被吞入腹中，滞留于脏腑之中，从而生疮疹。又因污秽之血攻冲体内，或因护理不当，导致毒邪上攻于眼睛。适宜服用蛤粉散。
第五十八问说：小儿眼睛长翳障，是什么原因？
回答说：眼睛是五脏精华的外现，也是肝脏之外候。若外感风热，内有痰实壅塞肝脏，气机冲发于目，所以眼睛会长出翳障。适宜服用瞿麦散。
第五十九问说：小儿眼睛长白障，是什么原因？
回答说：这是肺实痰壅所致。热邪攻冲于肝，肝属木，木色青，痰热攻冲于肝，灌注于瞳人（瞳孔），导致瞳人功能紊乱，因而生出白膜，散漫于眼中成为白障。适宜服用干姜丸、琥珀散、救睛丸、半夏丸。
第六十问说：小儿患雀目（夜盲症），是什么原因？
回答说：这是肝气不和所致。此病源于五脏蕴积热邪，经络凝滞，阴阳失调，营卫不通，使得眼睛白天视物清晰而夜晚昏暗，如同雀目的症状一样。适宜使用猪肝膏。
第六十一问说：小儿患青盲（视力减退或失明但外观无异常），是什么原因？
回答说：这是脏腑虚弱所致，或因饮食损伤，导致脏腑功能失调，元气衰微，所以眼睛不红、不痛、无翳、无膜，但昏暗看不清物体。适宜服用羌活散、决明散、犀角象牙丸、人参菊花散。
第六十二问说：小儿眼中长疮，是什么原因？
回答说：这是因为初生洗浴时，擦拭不干净，污秽之物侵染于两眼睑之间，一旦感受外热就会发作粟米状的疮，导致眼睑红肿溃烂。适宜服用白鲜散。
第六十三问说：成年人眼睑生风粟疮，是什么原因？
回答说：这是脾经和肺经受风邪热毒侵袭。肺主皮毛，脾主肌肉，两经功能失职，风热邪毒便乘虚而入，冲攻于目，所以在眼睑之间生出这种风粟状的疮。适宜服用鲨皮散、省风汤、石膏散。
第六十四问说：青盲伴有白膜，是什么原因？
回答说：这是热邪损伤肝脏，风木之气相乘，相火煽动，消烁真阴，内损神光，外生白膜如苍蝇翅膀羽毛状。适宜服用犀角象牙丸、决明丸。
第六十五问说：流泪的症状，是什么原因？
回答说：这是风邪客居于目中，津液受其影响，经常流出冷泪，时常发作瘙痒，所以称为流泪的症状。适宜服用艾煎丸。
第六十六问说：眼睛流脓，是什么原因？
回答说：这是脏腑过于虚弱，风热毒邪上攻于目，导致瞳人内部受损，所以形成流脓。适宜服用救睛丸、琥珀散、通神丸。
第六十七问说：眼睛斜视，是什么原因？
回答说：这是脏腑偏衰，血脉不通，阴阳错乱，目官功能失职，所以一只眼睛向上看不见，一只眼睛向下看不见，名叫斜视。适宜服用换经肠、救睛汤、五肝丸、犀角象牙丸、连翘散。
第六十八问说：目眇（视力模糊或偏盲），是什么原因？
回答说：这是经络偏废阻断，气血衰乏，或者风邪停留，损伤内外，使得大小经络中的气血不均，所以出现目眇。适宜服用均气散、省风汤、朱砂散。
第六十九问说：双眼突然白睛肿胀，是什么原因？
回答说：这是肺气壅滞，热毒上攻，导致白睛突然肿胀。如果不疼痛，适宜服用桑白皮汤、泻肺汤、羊肝丸；如果疼痛，适宜使用清泻心肝之火的方法。
回答说：这是脾经受热毒传变至肝，肝受到脾的毒邪影响，导致眼睑上生疖，名叫挑针（麦粒肿）。适宜服用消毒饮子、洗心散、当归丸。
第七十一问说：眼睛因撞击而生翳障，是什么原因？
回答说：眼睛是神水（房水）的根本，不能受物体触碰，忽然被物体撞击，导致眼睛生出翳障，若过百日不治疗，适宜服用镇肝散、蒺藜散、顺光散。
第七十二问说：风牵入睑（眼睑下垂或歪斜），是什么原因？
回答说：这是脏腑不和，阴阳不分，经络凝滞，气血不通，风邪乘虚而入，导致眼球转动异常，所以称为风牵入睑。适宜服用镇肝丸、和气丸、人参菊花散。
第七十三问说：瞳人散大，是什么原因？
Answer: This occurs because, before birth in the womb, the infant ingested foul blood. After birth, if the nursing mother fails to wipe the blood from the infant's mouth with her hand, the blood is swallowed into the abdomen along with the infant's crying and remains in the Zang-Fu organs, subsequently generating sores and rashes. Furthermore, due to the attacking nature of the foul blood or improper care, the toxin attacks the eyes. It is advisable to administer Ge Fen San (Clam Shell Powder Decoction).
Question 58: Why do children develop corneal opacities (Yi Zhang)?
Answer: The eyes are the manifestation of the essence of the Five Zang organs and an external indicator of the Liver. When external Wind-Heat invades and internal Phlegm-Stasis obstructs the Liver, Qi rushes upward to the eyes, causing corneal opacities. It is advisable to administer Qu Mai San (Dianthus Powder).
Question 59: Why do children develop white obstructions (Bai Zhang) in the eyes?
Answer: This is caused by Lung Excess and Phlegm obstruction. Heat attacks the Liver; since the Liver belongs to Wood and its color is Green, Phlegm-Heat attacks the Liver and floods the pupil (Tong Ren). This disturbs the function of the pupil, leading to the formation of a white membrane that spreads across the eye as a white obstruction. It is advisable to administer Gan Jiang Wan (Dried Ginger Pill), Hu Po San (Amber Powder), Jiu Jing Wan (Eye-Saving Pill), or Ban Xia Wan (Pinellia Pill).
Question 60: Why do children suffer from Yu Ming (Night Blindness)?
Answer: This is due to Liver disharmony. It stems from heat accumulation in the Five Zang organs, stagnation of meridians, imbalance of Yin and Yang, and blockage of Ying and Wei Qi. Consequently, vision is clear during the day but dim at night, resembling the symptoms of Night Blindness. It is advisable to use Zhu Gan Gao (Pig Liver Ointment).
Question 61: Why do children suffer from Qing Mang (Atrophic Optic Nerve/Blindness without visible signs)?
Answer: This results from weakness of the Zang-Fu organs, often due to dietary injury causing functional impairment and decline of Yuan Qi. Thus, the eyes are not red, not painful, have no opacities or membranes, yet vision is dim and objects cannot be seen clearly. It is advisable to administer Qiang Huo San (Notopterygium Powder), Jue Ming San (Cassia Seed Powder), Xi Jiao Xiang Ya Wan (Rhinoceros Horn and Ivory Pill), or Ren Shen Ju Hua San (Ginseng and Chrysanthemum Powder).
Question 62: Why do sores grow in the eyes of children?
Answer: This is due to inadequate cleaning during bathing after birth, allowing filth to invade the area between the eyelids. Upon exposure to external heat, millet-grain-sized sores erupt, causing redness and ulceration of the eyelids. It is advisable to administer Bai Xian San (Dictamnus Powder).
Question 63: Why do adults develop Feng Su Chuang (Wind Millet Sores) on the eyelids?
Answer: This is caused by Wind-Evil and Heat-Toxin invading the Spleen and Lung meridians. The Lung governs skin and hair, and the Spleen governs muscles; when these meridians fail in their duties, Wind-Heat toxins enter through deficiencies and attack the eyes, causing such sores on the eyelids. It is advisable to administer Sha Pi San (Shark Skin Powder), Sheng Feng Tang (Wind-Dispersing Decoction), or Shi Gao San (Gypsum Powder).
Question 64: Why does Qing Mang present with a white membrane?
Answer: This is caused by Heat damaging the Liver, with Wind-Wood overacting and Ministerial Fire flaring up, consuming True Yin and internally damaging Shen Guang (Spiritual Light). Externally, a white membrane forms resembling fly wings. It is advisable to administer Xi Jiao Xiang Ya Wan (Rhinoceros Horn and Ivory Pill) or Jue Ming Wan (Cassia Seed Pill).
Question 65: What causes the symptom of tearing (Lei Mu)?
Answer: This occurs when Wind-Evil lodges in the eye, affecting fluids, resulting in frequent cold tears and intermittent itching. This is termed the condition of tearing. It is advisable to administer Ai Jian Wan (Mugwort Decoction Pill).
Question 66: Why do the eyes leak pus?
Answer: This is due to extreme deficiency of the Zang-Fu organs, allowing Wind-Heat toxins to attack the eyes upward, damaging the interior of the pupil and resulting in pus leakage. It is advisable to administer Jiu Jing Wan (Eye-Saving Pill), Hu Po San (Amber Powder), or Tong Shen Wan (Spirit-Penetrating Pill).
Question 67: Why does the eye deviate (Pian Shi)?
Answer: This is caused by partial weakness of the Zang-Fu organs, blocked blood vessels, chaotic Yin and Yang, and dysfunction of the visual organ. One eye cannot see upward, and the other cannot see downward, named Deviation. It is advisable to administer Huan Jing Chang (Meridian-Changing Intestine preparation), Jiu Jing Tang (Eye-Saving Decoction), Wu Gan Wan (Five Liver Pills), Xi Jiao Xiang Ya Wan (Rhinoceros Horn and Ivory Pill), or Lian Qiao San (Forsythia Powder).
Question 68: What causes Miao (Dim Vision/Blindness)?
Answer: This is due to unilateral meridian blockage, deficiency of Qi and Blood, or lingering Wind-Evil injuring the interior and exterior, causing uneven distribution of Qi and Blood in the large and small vessels, resulting in Dim Vision. It is advisable to administer Jun Qi San (Qi-Balancing Powder), Sheng Feng Tang (Wind-Dispersing Decoction), or Zhu Sha San (Cinnabar Powder).
Question 69: Why do the white parts of both eyes suddenly swell?
Answer: This is caused by stagnation of Lung Qi and upward attack of Heat-Toxin, causing sudden swelling of the sclera (Bai Jing). If there is no pain, it is advisable to administer Sang Bai Pi Tang (Mulberry Root Bark Decoction), Xie Fei Tang (Draining Lung Decoction), or Yang Gan Wan (Sheep Liver Pill). If there is pain, formulas that drain Heart and Liver heat should be used.
Question 70: What causes Stye (Tiao Zhen Yan)?
Answer: This occurs when Heat-Toxin from the Spleen transmits to the Liver, and the Liver receives the Spleen's toxin, causing boils to form on the eyelids, known as Styes. It is advisable to administer Xiao Du Yin Zi (Detoxification Drink), Xi Xin San (Heart-Cleansing Powder), or Dang Gui Wan (Angelica Pill).
Question 71: Why do corneal opacities form after eye trauma?
Answer: The eyes are the source of Shen Shui (Aqueous Humor) and should not be touched by objects. Sudden impact causes opacities. If untreated for over a hundred days, it is advisable to administer Zhen Gan San (Liver-Calming Powder), Ji Li San (Tribulus Powder), or Shun Guang San (Light-Regulating Powder).
Question 72: What causes Feng Qian Ru Jian (Wind-Driven Eyelid Paralysis/Drooping)?
Answer: This is due to Zang-Fu disharmony, indistinct Yin and Yang, stagnant meridians, and unflowing Qi and Blood. Wind enters through deficiencies, causing abnormal eye movement, hence named Wind-Driven Eyelid Paralysis. It is advisable to administer Zhen Gan Wan (Liver-Calming Pill), He Qi Wan (Qi-Harmonizing Pill), or Ren Shen Ju Hua San (Ginseng and Chrysanthemum Powder).
Question 73: Why does the pupil dilate (Tong Ren San)?
Answer: This is damage to the Gallbladder Meridian. The Gallbladder is the meridian of the eye and the source of Shen Shui; when the Gallbladder is compromised, the pupil dilates. It is advisable to administer Jiu Jing Hu Po Gao (Eye-Saving Amber Ointment).