凡人两手足各有此三阳三阴之脉。合为十二经脉。每一经中。各有井荣俞经合。皆出于
井。
入于合。经云。所出者为井。所流者为荣。所注者为俞。所行者为经。所入者为合。井者。
东方春也。万物之始生。故言所出为井也。合者。北方冬也。阳气入藏。故言所入为合也。
故春刺井。夏刺荣。季夏刺俞。秋刺经。冬刺合者。圣人所谓。因其时而取之。以泻邪毒出
也。
井荣所属。阴井木。阳井金。阴荣火。阳荣水。阴俞土。阳俞木。阴经金。阳经火。阴
合水
阳合土。昔圣人先立井荣俞经合。配象五行。则以十二经中各有子母。故刺法云。虚则补
其母。实则泻其子。假令肝自病。实则泻肝之荣。属火。是子。若虚。则补肝之合。属水。
是母。余皆仿此。若他邪相乘。阴阳偏胜。则先补其不足。后泻其有余。此为针医之大要
若深达洞明。则为上工者也。
足取膝下三阴三阳脉穴流注。手取臂下三阴三阳脉穴流注。用其针刺法遂有过补虚泻实
如其施兵伐叛也。
六十首俞穴。细而审之。各逐其藏府。井荣俞经合。常以五行定。方无一失也。以逐日
取六
十首。为井荣俞经合。足不过膝。手不过臂。当时克者谓之关。可以针。医无不愈疾也。时
刻未至者谓之阖。无能愈其疾也。
贾氏云。凡六十首者。原有二种也。有外行脉经六十首。又有内行血脉六十首。此法微
妙。
古圣人隐之。恐世人晓会。只载一说。今不传。愚自少岁。索隐井荣之法。始可着题。或曰
因何名曰六十首也。答曰。谓气血一昼夜。行过六十俞穴也。各分头首。十日一终。营运
十干。皆以五子建元日时为头是也。明广今辄将贾氏各分头首营运十干。六十首注穴之法。
集其枢要。述之。庶令览者易悉。第一包括五脏五腑。各至本时相生五度。注穴之法。第二
言阴中有阳。阳中有阴。刚柔相配相生注穴之法。人多只知阳干注府。阴干注藏。刺阴待阴
干。刺阳候阳时。如是者。非秘诀云。假令甲日甲戌时。胆引气出为井。甲中暗有其己。
乙中暗有其庚。故大言阴与阳。小言夫与归。夫有气则妇从夫。妇有气则夫从妇。故甲戌时
胆出气为井。脾从夫行。脾亦入血为井。如是。则一时辰之中。阴阳之经。相生所注之穴皆
有。他皆仿此。阳日气先脉外。血后脉内。阴日血先脉外。气后脉内。交贯而行于五藏六府
之中。各注井荣俞经合无休矣。或不得时。但取其原亦得。
凡是人的双手双脚，各有这三阳经和三阴经的经脉。合起来共有十二条经脉。每一条经脉中，都包含井、荥、俞、经、合五类特定穴位，这些穴位的气血运行规律都是从井穴流出，最终汇入合穴。医经中说：气血发出的地方称为井穴，流动的地方称为荥穴，灌注的地方称为俞穴，运行的地方称为经穴，深入汇聚的地方称为合穴。
井穴对应东方春季，是万物开始生长的时节，所以说气血发出之处为井穴。合穴对应北方冬季，此时阳气潜入脏腑内部，所以说气血深入汇聚之处为合穴。因此，春季针刺井穴，夏季针刺荥穴，长夏（季夏）针刺俞穴，秋季针刺经穴，冬季针刺合穴，这就是圣人所说的顺应时令来选取穴位，以泻除邪毒。
关于井、荥穴的属性归属：阴经的井穴属木，阳经的井穴属金；阴经的荥穴属火，阳经的荥穴属水；阴经的俞穴属土，阳经的俞穴属木；阴经的经穴属金，阳经的经穴属火；阴经的合穴属水，阳经的合穴属土。
从前圣人确立了井、荥、俞、经、合五穴，并将其与五行相配象，因此在十二经脉中，每一经都有相生关系的“母”和“子”。所以针刺法则说：虚证则补其母穴，实证则泻其子穴。例如，肝脏自身患病，如果是实证，则泻肝经的荥穴，因为荥穴属火，火是木之子；如果是虚证，则补肝经的合穴，因为合穴属水，水是木之母。其余各经都仿照此例。如果是其他邪气相互乘袭，导致阴阳偏盛偏衰，则应当先补其不足，后泻其有余。这是针灸医生的主要要领。如果能深刻通达并明白其中的道理，就能成为高明的医生。
足部取膝以下的三阴三阳经脉穴位进行流注分析，手部取臂以下的三阴三阳经脉穴位进行流注分析。运用这种针刺方法，就可以做到正确地补虚泻实，就像用兵讨伐叛乱一样精准。
六十个首尾俞穴，仔细审视它们，分别对应各自的脏腑。井、荥、俞、经、合通常依据五行来确定，这样就不会有失误。按照每日选取六十个首尾穴位作为井、荥、俞、经、合的依据。足部取穴不超过膝盖，手部取穴不超过手臂。在对应的时辰（当时克者）称为“开”，可以施针，医生没有治不好的疾病。如果时辰未到（时刻未至者）称为“阖”，则无法治愈疾病。
贾氏说：所谓的六十首，原本有两种。一种是外行脉经的六十首，另一种是内行血脉的六十首。这种方法微妙，古代圣人将其隐藏，恐怕世人不能理解，只记载了一种说法，如今已不流传。我自幼年就开始探寻井、荥法的奥秘，现在才敢著书立说。有人问：为什么叫做六十首？回答说：因为气血在一昼夜之间，运行经过六十个俞穴。每个部位分为头首，十日一个循环，配合十天干，都以五子建元日时为头。明代广今人将贾氏的各分头首、配合十天干的六十首注穴之法，汇集其要点，叙述出来，希望让阅读的人容易知晓。第一点包括五脏五腑，各自到达本时相生五次，这是注穴的方法。第二点讲阴中有阳，阳中有阴，刚柔相配生克的注穴方法。人们大多只知道阳干注入腑，阴干注入脏，刺阴经等待阴干时，刺阳经等候阳时。像这样的做法，并非秘诀。例如甲日甲戌时，胆经引气出于井穴。甲中暗含己，乙中暗含庚，所以大而言之是阴与阳的关系，小而言之是夫与妻的关系。夫有气则妇从夫，妇有气则夫从妇。所以在甲戌时，胆经出气为井穴，脾经跟随胆经而行，脾经也入血为井穴。像这样，在一个时辰之中，阴阳经脉相生所注的穴位都有了。其他情况都仿照这个例子。阳日气先在脉外，血后在脉内；阴日血先在脉外，气后在脉内。气血交错贯穿运行于五脏六腑之中，不断注入井、荥、俞、经、合穴。如果不得到合适的时辰，只要取原穴也可以。
In every person, the two hands and two feet each possess these three Yang meridians and three Yin meridians. Together they form twelve primary meridians (Twelve Primary Meridians). Within each meridian, there are five specific types of acupoints: Jing-River (Well), Ying-Spring (Spring), Shu-Stream (Transport), Jing-River (River), and He-Sea (Sea). The qi and blood flow out from the Well points and enter into the Sea points. As the medical classics state: "That which issues forth is the Well; that which flows is the Spring; that which pours is the Transport; that which travels is the River; that which enters is the Sea."
The Well point corresponds to the East and Spring, the time when all things begin to grow; hence it is said that where qi issues forth is the Well. The Sea point corresponds to the North and Winter, when Yang qi enters the Zang organs; hence it is said that where qi enters deeply is the Sea. Therefore, in Spring one punctures the Well points, in Summer the Spring points, in Late Summer the Transport points, in Autumn the River points, and in Winter the Sea points. This is what the Sages referred to as "selecting points according to the season" to drain pathogenic evils.
Regarding the attributes of the Well and Spring points: Yin Wells belong to Wood, Yang Wells belong to Metal; Yin Springs belong to Fire, Yang Springs belong to Water; Yin Transports belong to Earth, Yang Transports belong to Wood; Yin Rivers belong to Metal, Yang Rivers belong to Fire; Yin Seas belong to Water, Yang Seas belong to Earth.
In ancient times, the Sages established the Five Shu points (Well, Spring, Transport, River, Sea) and matched them with the Five Elements. Thus, within the twelve meridians, each meridian has a "Mother" and a "Child" relationship based on generation. Therefore, the needling method states: "Tonify its Mother for deficiency, sedate its Child for excess." For example, if the Liver itself is diseased and presents with excess, sedate the Liver's Spring point, which belongs to Fire, the Child of Wood. If it presents with deficiency, tonify the Liver's Sea point, which belongs to Water, the Mother of Wood. All other meridians follow this pattern. If other pathogens attack mutually, causing an imbalance of Yin and Yang, one should first tonify the insufficiency and then sedate the excess. This is the major principle for acupuncture physicians. If one can deeply understand and clarify these principles, one becomes a superior physician.
For the lower limbs, select the acupoints of the three Yin and three Yang meridians below the knee for flow and distribution analysis; for the upper limbs, select the acupoints of the three Yin and three Yang meridians below the arm. By applying this needling method, one can correctly tonify deficiency and sedate excess, just as using troops to suppress rebellion.
Examine the sixty head/tail Shu points carefully, assigning each to its respective Zang-Fu organ. The Well, Spring, Transport, River, and Sea points are usually determined by the Five Elements, ensuring no errors. By selecting sixty head/tail points daily corresponding to the Well, Spring, Transport, River, and Sea, one adheres to the rule that foot points do not exceed the knee and hand points do not exceed the elbow. When the corresponding time arrives (the "Open" phase), one may needle, and the disease will surely be cured. If the time has not yet arrived (the "Closed" phase), the disease cannot be cured.
Jia stated: The so-called "Sixty Heads" originally existed in two forms: one for the exterior-running meridian classics and another for the interior-running blood vessels. This method is subtle; ancient Sages hid it, fearing common people would not comprehend it, recording only one version, which is now lost. Since my youth, I have sought the hidden methods of the Well and Spring points, and now dare to write on this topic. Some ask: Why is it called "Sixty Heads"? The answer is: Because Qi and Blood circulate through sixty Shu points in one day and night. Each part is divided into heads, completing a cycle every ten days, operating with the Ten Heavenly Stems. All start with the Wu Zi Jian Yuan (Five Children Establishing Origin) method for days and hours. Ming Guangjin has collected the essentials of Jia's method of dividing heads and operating with the Ten Heavenly Stems for the sixty-point injection, narrating it so that readers may easily understand. First, it includes the Five Zang and Five Fu organs, each reaching their respective times for five generations of production; this is the method of injecting points. Second, it discusses Yin containing Yang and Yang containing Yin, with rigid and soft matching for production and injection. Most people only know that Yang Stems inject into Fu organs and Yin Stems into Zang organs, waiting for Yin Stems to needle Yin meridians and Yang Stems to wait for Yang times. Such practices are not secret methods. For instance, on a Jia day at Jia-Xu hour, the Gallbladder meridian draws Qi out as the Well point. Within Jia, Ji is hidden; within Yi, Geng is hidden. Thus, broadly speaking, it is Yin and Yang; narrowly speaking, it is Husband and Wife. When the Husband has Qi, the Wife follows; when the Wife has Qi, the Husband follows. So at Jia-Xu hour, the Gallbladder emits Qi as the Well point, and the Spleen follows the Husband, also entering Blood as the Well point. In this way, within one double-hour period, the points injected by the generating relationship of both Yin and Yang meridians are present. Other cases follow this example. On Yang days, Qi moves first outside the vessels, and Blood moves later inside; on Yin days, Blood moves first outside, and Qi moves later inside. They interweave and circulate among the Five Zang and Six Fu organs, continuously injecting into the Well, Spring, Transport, River, and Sea points without rest. If the proper time is not obtained, taking the Yuan-Source points is also acceptable.