手太阴之脉。起于中焦(中焦者。在胃中脘。主腐熟水谷。水谷精微。上注于肺。肺行
荣卫
故十二经脉。自此为始。所以手太阴之脉。起于中焦。又高 德云。中焦。乃脐中也)
下络大肠(大肠为肺之维。故肺脉络大肠)。还循胃口(胃口。谓胃之上口。贲门之谓也)。上
膈属肺(手太阴为肺之注。故其脉上膈属于肺)。从肺系横出腋下(腋谓肩之里也)。下循 内
(为肩肘之间也)。行少阴心主之前(少阴在后。心主处中。而太阴行其前也)。下肘中(尺
泽穴分下)。循臂内上骨下廉(上骨为臂之上骨也。下廉为上骨之下廉也)。入寸口(经渠穴在
此寸口中)。上鱼(鱼谓手大指之后也。以其处如鱼之形。故曰鱼)。循鱼际(鱼际。谓手鱼之
际。有穴居此。故名曰鱼际也)。出大指之端(少商穴分也)。其支者(针经曰。支而横者为络
此手太阴之脉。别走阳明者也穴名列缺)。从腕后直出次指内廉出其端(手太阴自此交入手
阳明)。是动则病(手大阴常多气少血。今气先病。是谓是动。难经曰。是动者气也。此之谓
乎)。肺胀满。膨膨而喘咳(膨膨。谓气不宣畅也)。缺盆中痛(缺盆穴在肩下横骨陷中。言其
处
如缺豁之盆。故名曰缺盆)。甚则交两手而瞀(太素注云。瞀。抵目也)。是谓臂厥(肘前曰臂
气逆曰厥)。主肺所生病者(邪在气留而不去。则传之于血也。血既病矣。是气之所生。故
云。所生病也。难经曰。所生病者血也。斯之谓乎)。咳嗽上气。喘喝。烦心。胸满。 臂
内前廉痛。掌中热。气盛有余。则肩背痛。风汗出中风。小便数而欠(数频也。欠少也。言
小便频而少也)。气虚则肩背痛。寒。则少气不足以息。溺色变。卒遗失无度。盛者。寸口
大三倍于人迎。虚者。则寸口反小于人迎也(寸口人迎。诸书不同。有言寸口人迎者。有言
肺口人迎者。有言气口人迎者。然则气口脉。与寸口脉异乎。同乎。按五脏别论注云。寸口
可以候气之盛衰。故云气口。可以切肺之动静。故云肺口。由是则肺口气口。皆寸口也。观
丁德用二难图可知矣。气口人迎在头而法取之手也。左手关前一分。人迎之位也。右手关前
一分。气口之位也。候气口以知阴。候人迎以知阳。知阳知阴。而盛躁明矣。明盛躁。而死
生定矣。扁鹊所谓经脉十二。络脉十五。皆因其原如环之无端。转相激灌。朝于寸口人迎。
以处百病。而决其死生也者。正谓兹矣。人迎主外。寸口主内。两者相应俱往俱来。若引绳
小大齐寸命之口平。无病。若其不一。谓之有病。素问云。人迎盛病在三阳。寸口盛病在三
阴。若细而信言之。则人迎一盛病在足。少阳一盛而躁在手。少阳人迎二盛病在足。太阳二
盛而躁在手。太阳人迎三盛病在足。阳明三盛而躁在手。阳明人迎四盛以上。谓之格阳。寸
口一盛病在足。厥阴一盛而躁病在手。心主寸口二盛病在足。少阴二盛而躁病在手。少阴寸
口三盛病在足。太阴三盛而躁病在手。太阴寸口四盛以上。谓之关阴。若寸口人迎俱盛四倍
以上。谓之关格。关格者。不得尽其命而死矣。是以人迎一盛泻足少阳。补足厥阴。二泻一
补。曰一取之躁取之手。人迎二盛。泻足太阳。补足少阴。二泻一补。曰一取之躁取之手。
人迎三盛。泻足阳明。补足太阴。二泻一补。曰二取之躁取之手。寸口一盛。泻足厥阴补足
少阳。二补一泻曰一取之躁。取之手。寸口二盛。泻足少阴补足太阳。一补二泻曰二取之躁
取之手。寸口三盛泻足太阴。补足阳明。二补一泻。曰二取之躁。取之手。寸口人迎。皆
宜切而验之。气和乃止。今肺经言盛者。寸口大一倍于人迎。则是寸口二盛而躁。泻手太阴
补手阳明。二补三泻。曰。二取之者是也。虚者。寸口反小于人迎。则是人迎三盛而躁。泻
手阳明补手太阴。三泻一补。曰二取之者是也。余同此例。又阴阳别论注云。胃脘之阳者胃
人迎之气也。察其气脉动静大小。与脉相应否也。胃为水谷之海。故候其气而知病处。人
迎在结喉两旁一寸五分。脉动应手。其脉之动。常左小而右大。左小常以候脏。右大常以候
腑。气口在手鱼际之后二寸皆可以候脏腑之气)。
手太阴之别名曰列缺。起于腕上分间。并太阴之经。直入掌中。散于鱼际。实则手锐掌
热。虚则欠KT 。小便遗数。取之去腕半寸。别走阳明也。
手太阴之筋。起于大指之上。循指上行。结于鱼际之后。行寸口外侧。上循臂。结肘中
上
内廉。入腋下。出缺盆。结肩前 上。结缺盆下。结胸里散贯贲。合贲下。下抵季肋。其
病当所过者。下支转筋痛。甚则成息贲。胁急。吐血。治在燔针劫刺。以知为数。以痛为输
名曰仲冬痹也。
肺病者。喘咳逆气。肩背痛。汗出。尻阴股膝髀 足皆痛。虚则少气。不能报息。耳
聋嗌
干。取其经太阴足太阳之外。厥阴内血者。肺热病者。先淅然厥起毫毛。恶风寒。舌上黄。
身热。热则喘咳。痛走胸膺背不得太息。头痛不堪。汗出而寒。丙丁甚。庚辛大汗。气逆则
丙丁死。刺手太阴阳明出血。如大豆立已。
手太阴肺经。从腹走手。长三尺五寸。左右共七尺。凡二十二穴。
中府二穴。云门二穴。天府二穴。侠白二穴。尺泽二穴。孔最二穴。列缺二穴。经渠二
穴。鱼际二穴。太渊二穴。少商二穴。
手太阴肺经的经脉,起始于中焦(中焦位于胃的中脘部位,主要功能是腐熟水谷。水谷的精微物质,向上输送到肺,肺运行营气和卫气,所以十二经脉从这里开始。因此手太阴肺经起始于中焦。另外高德说:中焦,就是脐中的位置)。向下联络大肠(大肠是肺的维系,所以肺经络属大肠),返回来沿着胃的上口(胃口,指的是胃的上口,即贲门),向上穿过膈肌,归属于肺(手太阴是肺经的注入,所以它的经脉向上穿过膊属于肺)。从肺系(指气管、喉咙等与肺相连的组织)横向出于腋下(腋窝指的是肩膀的内侧),向下沿着上臂内侧(指肩和肘之间),行走在手少阴心经和手厥阴心包经的前面(少阴经在后面,心包经在中间,而太阴经走在它们前面)。向下到达肘窝中(尺泽穴所在的部位),沿着前臂内侧桡骨的下缘(桡骨是前臂外侧的骨头,下缘指桡骨的下侧边缘),进入寸口(经渠穴就在这个寸口部位),上行至大鱼际(鱼指的是大拇指根部隆起的肌肉,因为形状像鱼,所以叫鱼),沿着鱼际(鱼际,指手大鱼的边缘,此处有一个穴位,所以名叫鱼际),出于大拇指的末端(少商穴所在的部位)。它的支脉(《针经》说:分支且横行的称为络脉,这是手太阴肺经的别络,走向阳明经,穴位名为列缺),从腕后直出食指内侧边缘,出于其末端(手太阴经在此处交入手阳明大肠经)。
当经脉发生变动时会出现病症(手太阴肺经常常是多气少血的经脉,现在气先发病,这叫做“是动”。《难经》说:是动病属于气分病变,说的就是这个意思)。表现为肺胀满,气息壅塞而喘咳(膨膨,形容气机不宣畅的样子),缺盆中疼痛(缺盆穴在锁骨上窝的凹陷处,形容该处如同缺口之盆,所以叫缺盆),严重时两手交叉按于胸前并出现视物模糊或昏闷(《太素》注解说:瞀,指眼睛昏花或抵目感)。这叫做臂厥(肘部前方称为臂,气逆上冲称为厥)。
主治肺脏所生的疾病(邪气停留在气分不去,就会传入血分。血分既已生病,这就是气分所引发的,所以说“所生病”。《难经》说:所生病属于血分病变,说的就是这个意思)。症状包括咳嗽、气逆上冲、喘息有声、心烦、胸满、手臂内侧前缘疼痛、手掌心发热。如果气盛有余,则出现肩背痛、出汗、中风、小便频数但量少(数指频繁,欠指短少,意思是小便次数多但每次量少)。如果气虚,则出现肩背痛、怕冷、气短不足以呼吸、尿液颜色改变、突然失禁无节制。脉象方面,实证时,寸口脉比人迎脉大三倍;虚证时,寸口脉反而小于人迎脉(关于寸口和人迎,各书说法不一,有的说寸口和人迎,有的说肺口和人迎,有的说气口和人迎。那么气口脉和寸口脉是不同的吗?是一样的吗?根据《五脏别论》注解说:寸口可以候察气的盛衰,所以叫气口;可以切按肺的动静,所以叫肺口。由此看来,肺口和气口都是寸口。看丁德用的《二难图》就可以知道了。气口和人迎虽然在头部有对应法则,但实际取脉是在手上。左手关前一分是人迎的位置,右手关前一分是气口的位置。候气口以了解阴分,候人迎以了解阳分。了解了阴阳,盛躁的情况就明确了。明确了盛躁,生死也就确定了。扁鹊所说的经脉十二、络脉十五,都源于根本,如环无端,相互激荡灌注,朝会于寸口和人迎,以此来诊治百病,决断生死,正是这个意思。人迎主外,寸口主内,两者相应,往来一致,就像拉紧的绳子大小整齐一样,这叫平脉,无病。如果不一致,就叫有病。《素问》说:人迎盛,病在三阳;寸口盛,病在三阴。如果细致而言之,人迎大一倍,病在足少阳;大一倍且躁动,病在手少阳。人迎大二倍,病在足太阳;大二倍且躁动,病在手太阳。人迎大三倍,病在足阳明;大三倍且躁动,病在手阳明。人迎大四倍以上,叫做格阳。寸口大一倍,病在足厥阴;大一倍且躁动,病在手厥阴。寸口大二倍,病在足少阴;大二倍且躁动,病在手少阴。寸口大三倍,病在足太阴;大三倍且躁动,病在手太阴。寸口大四倍以上,叫做关阴。如果寸口和人迎都大四倍以上,叫做关格。关格的人,不能尽其天年而死。所以对于人迎大一倍,泻足少阳,补足厥阴,两泻一补,称为一取;躁动取手部穴位。人迎大二倍,泻足太阳,补足少阴,两泻一补,称为一取;躁动取手部穴位。人迎大三倍,泻足阳明,补足太阴,两泻一补,称为二取;躁动取手部穴位。寸口大一倍,泻足厥阴,补足少阳,两补一泻,称为一取;躁动取手部穴位。寸口大二倍,泻足少阴,补足太阳,一补二泻,称为二取;躁动取手部穴位。寸口大三倍,泻足太阴,补足阳明,两补一泻,称为二取;躁动取手部穴位。寸口和人迎都应该切按验证,气机调和才停止。现在肺经说实证是寸口大一倍于人迎,那就是寸口二盛而躁,应该泻手太阴,补手阳明,两补三泻,称为二取,就是这样。虚证是寸口反小于人迎,那就是人迎三盛而躁,应该泻手阳明,补手太阴,三泻一补,称为二取,也是这样。其余经络都依此类推。另外《阴阳别论》注解说:胃脘之阳,就是人迎之气。观察其气脉动静大小,是否与脉象相应。胃是水谷之海,所以通过候其气可以知道病变部位。人迎在结喉两旁一寸五分,脉搏跳动应手,其脉动通常左小右大。左小常用来候察脏气,右大常用来候察腑气。气口在大鱼际后二寸,都可以用来候察脏腑之气)。
手太阴肺经的别络叫做列缺,起于腕上分间,并行于太阴经,直入掌中,散布于鱼际。实证时手腕锐骨处和手掌发热,虚证时打哈欠、小便频数遗尿。治疗取穴在去腕半寸处,别走阳明经。
手太阴肺经的筋,起于大拇指上方,沿着手指上行,结聚于鱼际后方,行于寸口外侧,向上沿着手臂,结聚于肘中,向上沿上臂内侧前缘,进入腋下,出于缺盆,结聚于肩前上方,结聚于缺盆下方,结聚于胸里,散布贯穿膈肌,合于膈肌之下,向下抵住季肋。其病症发生在所经过的部位,出现下肢牵引性筋挛疼痛,严重时形成息贲(一种积聚病,胁下有块状物),胁肋拘急,吐血。治疗用燔针劫刺(烧红的针快速刺入),以病情好转为度,以痛点作为腧穴。这种病名叫仲冬痹。
肺病的人,气喘咳嗽气逆,肩背痛,出汗,尻、阴部、股、膝、髀、足都疼痛。虚证时气短,不能深吸气,耳聋,咽喉干燥。治疗取太阴经、足太阳经外侧、厥阴经内侧的血络。肺热病患者,先感到寒冷战栗,毫毛竖起,恶风寒,舌苔发黄,身体发热。热盛则喘咳,疼痛游走于胸膺背部,不能深呼吸,头痛剧烈,出汗且怕冷。丙丁日加重,庚辛日大汗出。如果气逆,则在丙丁日死亡。针刺手太阴、手阳明经出血,如大豆量,立即见效。
手太阴肺经,从腹部走向手部,长三尺五寸,左右共七尺。共有二十二个穴位。
中府二穴,云门二穴,天府二穴,侠白二穴,尺泽二穴,孔最二穴,列缺二穴,经渠二穴,鱼际二穴,太渊二穴,少商二穴。
The meridian of Hand-Taiyin (Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian) originates from the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner, responsible for rotting and ripening food and water). It descends to connect with the Large Intestine (the Large Intestine is the support of the Lung, so the Lung meridian connects with it), returns along the upper opening of the Stomach (the gastric opening, also known as the贲门/Benmen), ascends through the Diaphragm, and belongs to the Lung (Hand-Taiyin is the entry point for the Lung, so its meridian ascends through the diaphragm to belong to the Lung). From the Lung system (tissues connected to the lung such as trachea and throat), it emerges horizontally from the axilla (the inside of the shoulder), descends along the medial aspect of the arm (between shoulder and elbow), running anterior to the Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridian and Hand-Jueyin Pericardium meridian (Shaoyin is posterior, Jueyin is middle, Taiyin runs anteriorly). It descends into the cubital fossa (location of Chize LU-5), follows the medial border of the forearm along the lower edge of the radius (the lower edge of the radial bone), enters the Cun Kou (pulse-taking position where Jingqu LU-7 is located), ascends to the Thenar eminence (the fleshy mound at the base of the thumb, shaped like a fish), follows the Yu Ji (edge of the thenar eminence, named after the acupoint Yuji LR-10, though here referring to the Lung meridian path), and exits at the tip of the thumb (location of Shaoshang LU-11). Its branch (as stated in *Zhen Jing*: branches that run transversely are collaterals; this is the collateral of Hand-Taiyin, diverging to Yangming, acupoint named Lieque LU-7) goes straight out from behind the wrist to the inner border of the index finger, exiting at its tip (Hand-Taiyin intersects with Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridian here).
When the meridian undergoes pathological changes ("Shi Dong" diseases - Qi disorders): The Lung feels full, distended with wheezing and coughing (distension indicates stagnant Qi). Pain in the Que Pen (Clavicular fossa, named for its basin-like depression). Severe cases involve crossing both hands over the chest and experiencing visual blurring or dizziness (Ma). This is called Bi Jue (Arm Jue - Qi rebellion).
It governs diseases generated by the Lung organ: Cough, rebellious Qi, wheezing, irritability, chest fullness, pain along the anteromedial aspect of the arm, heat in the palm. In excess conditions: Shoulder and back pain, sweating, wind-stroke, frequent but scanty urination. In deficiency conditions: Shoulder and back pain, cold sensation, shortness of breath (insufficient respiration), change in urine color, sudden incontinence. Pulse diagnosis: Excess presents with Cun Kou pulse three times larger than Ren Ying; Deficiency presents with Cun Kou pulse smaller than Ren Ying. (Note on Cun Kou vs. Ren Ying: Various texts differ. Generally, Cun Kou/Qi Kou reflects Yin/Lung status, while Ren Ying reflects Yang/Stomach status. Normal state: both equal. Abnormal: disparity indicates disease. Specific patterns of excess/deficiency in Ren Ying/Cun Kou correlate to specific meridians and severity, leading to "Guan Ge" syndrome if extreme, which is fatal. Treatment principles involve tonifying and reducing based on these pulse differences. For Lung meridian excess: Reduce Hand-Taiyin, Tonify Hand-Yangming. For deficiency: Reduce Hand-Yangming, Tonify Hand-Taiyin.)
The collateral name is Lieque (LU-7), originating between the wrist bones, running parallel to the Taiyin meridian, entering the palm, and dispersing at the thenar eminence. Excess: Heat in the wrist and palm. Deficiency: Yawning, frequent urination or enuresis. Treat by needling half a cun from the wrist, diverging to Yangming.
The sinews of Hand-Taiyin originate from the thumb, ascend along the finger, converge behind the thenar eminence, run along the lateral side of Cun Kou, up the arm, converge at the elbow, ascend along the medial arm, enter the axilla, emerge at Que Pen, converge at the anterior shoulder and below Que Pen, converge in the chest, penetrate the diaphragm, and reach the hypochondrium. Pathology involves spasms and pain along the pathway; severe cases may result in Xi Ben (accumulation disorder), rib tightness, hemoptysis. Treatment uses burning needle therapy (Cao Zhen), targeting painful points as Shu points. Known as Zhong Dong Bi.
Lung disease symptoms: Wheezing, cough, rebellious Qi, shoulder/back pain, sweating, pain in the sacrum, groin, thigh, knee, hip, and foot. Deficiency: Shortness of breath, inability to take deep breaths, deafness, dry throat. Treatment: Select blood vessels from Taiyin, lateral Foot-Taiyang, and medial Jueyin meridians. Lung Heat disease: Initial chills, piloerection, aversion to wind/cold, yellow tongue coating, fever. Heat causes wheezing/cough, pain moving to chest/back, headache, sweating with chills. Worsens on Bing/Ding days, profuse sweating on Geng/Xin days. If Qi rebels, death occurs on Bing/Ding days. Treatment: Prick Hand-Taiyin and Hand-Yangming meridians to bleed (amount of soybean), immediate relief.
Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian runs from abdomen to hand, length 3 chi 5 cun, total 7 chi for both sides. 22 Acupoints: Zhongfu (LU-1), Yunmen (LU-2), Tianfu (LU-3), Xiabai (LU-4), Chize (LU-5), Kongzui (LU-6), Lieque (LU-7), Jingqu (LU-8), Yuji (LU-10), Taiyuan (LU-9), Shaoshang (LU-11). [Note: Order in text varies slightly from standard numbering, listed as per source].