(附论)
夫上气咳逆者。由肺脏虚弱。感于风寒。而成咳逆也。咳则气聚于肺。则令肺胀。心
胸
烦闷
遂
方
芫花散 治上气咳逆。心满喘嗽。气结胸中。心烦不利。
芫花(半两醋拌炒令干) 桂心(三分) 干姜(半两泡制锉) 细辛(半两) 陈橘
皮(三分汤浸
为散。每服三钱。水
人参散(出圣惠方)治上气咳逆。喉中不利。
人参(一两去芦) 陈橘皮(三分汤浸去白瓤焙) 紫菀(一两洗去苗土) 赤茯苓(一
两) 款冬
皮尖双仁麸炒微黄)
拘时候。
川椒丸(出圣惠方)治上气咳逆。胸满多唾。
川椒(一方去目及闭口者微炒令汗) 人参(一两去芦) 款冬花(三分) 赤茯苓(一
两) 干姜
脐) 五味子(三分)
分) 细辛(三分) 上为末。
日三四服。
麦门冬丸(出圣惠方)治上气咳逆。心胸烦闷。小便不利。
麦门冬(一两半去心焙) 昆布(三分洗去咸味) 干姜(半两泡制锉) 细辛(半两)
川椒(半
和捣三五百杵。
桂心汤(出圣惠方)治上气咳逆。腹中壅滞。往来寒热。令人羸瘦。不能饮
食。或时下痢。
桂心(一两) 川椒(三两去目及闭口者微炒去汗) 甘草(三分炙微赤锉) 当归(三
分) 半夏
丸如梧桐子大
干姜丸(出圣惠方)治上气咳逆。多唾少食。
干姜(半两泡制锉) 桂心(半两) 柑子皮(三分汤浸去白瓤) 细辛(半两) 甘
草(半两炙微
为末。炼蜜和捣
苏子汤(出千金方)
苏子(一升) 五味子(五合) 麻黄 细辛 紫菀 人参 黄芩 甘草(各三两) 桂
心当
服。
白前汤 疗上气。肺热咳嗽。多涕唾。
白前(四两) 生麦门冬(十分去心) 贝母 石膏(碎棉裹) 甘草(炙) 五味子 生
姜(各四
(一匙) 上切、水
如人行五六里。以利
菜等。
小紫丸 疗上气咳逆。夜多唾浊。
干姜 甘皮(一作甘草) 细辛 款冬花(各三分) 紫菀(三分) 附子(三枚炮) 上
捣筛。以
杏仁煎 疗咳上气多涕唾。
用一味杏仁捣碎研。取一大升汁。更捣取大升三升汁。以水和研之。煎取一大升。酒服
一匙
治暴逆气\x(出本草方)
取生姜三两。切如皂子大。嚼碎咽下。屡服屡验。
(附论)
所谓上气咳逆,是由于肺脏虚弱,感受风寒之邪,从而引发咳嗽气逆。咳嗽时气机郁结于肺部,导致肺胀,出现心胸烦闷的症状。
芫花散:治疗上气咳逆,心下痞满,气喘咳嗽,气结于胸中,心烦不适。
药材组成:芫花(半两,用醋拌匀炒至干燥)、桂心(三分)、干姜(半两,炮制后锉碎)、细辛(半两)、陈皮(三分,用水浸泡)。
用法:将上述药物研为散剂,每次服用三钱,用水煎服。
人参散(出自《圣惠方》):治疗上气咳逆,咽喉不利。
药材组成:人参(一两,去芦头)、陈皮(三分,用水浸泡后刮去白瓤焙干)、紫菀(一两,洗净去苗土)、赤茯苓(一两)、款冬花(三分,取花蕾尖部双仁者,用麸皮炒至微黄)。
用法:将上述药物研为散剂,不拘时间,温服。
川椒丸(出自《圣惠方》):治疗上气咳逆,胸中痞满,多唾。
药材组成:川椒(一方规定去掉目及闭口者,微炒至出油汗)、人参(一两,去芦头)、款冬花(三分)、赤茯苓(一两)、干姜(一两,炮制后锉碎)、五味子(三分)、细辛(三分)。
用法:将上述药物研为末,炼蜜和丸,如梧桐子大。每日服用三四次。
麦门冬丸(出自《圣惠方》):治疗上气咳逆,心胸烦闷,小便不利。
药材组成:麦门冬(一两半,去心焙干)、昆布(三分,洗去咸味)、干姜(半两,炮制后锉碎)、细辛(半两)、川椒(半两,去目及闭口者,微炒去汗)。
用法:将上述药物捣碎,捣三五百杵,炼蜜和丸。
桂心汤(出自《圣惠方》):治疗上气咳逆,腹中壅滞,往来寒热,使人消瘦,不能饮食,有时伴有下痢。
药材组成:桂心(一两)、川椒(三两,去目及闭口者,微炒去汗)、甘草(三分,炙至微赤锉碎)、当归(三分)、半夏(三分,汤洗七遍去滑)。
用法:将上述药物切碎,加水煎煮,去渣取汁,分次温服。丸如梧桐子大(此处原文似有混排,通常汤剂为煎服,若为丸剂则按丸法,根据上下文“桂心汤”应为汤剂,但原文后半部分提及“丸如梧桐子大”,结合前文格式,此处可能指代另一种制剂或排版错误,依原文直译:制成如梧桐子大的丸剂)。注:根据常规中医文献逻辑,“桂心汤”应为汤剂,但原文紧接“丸如梧桐子大”,此处保留原文结构,意指该方可能包含丸剂用法或原文有误,翻译时忠实于原文文字。
干姜丸(出自《圣惠方》):治疗上气咳逆,多唾少食。
药材组成:干姜(半两,炮制后锉碎)、桂心(半两)、柑子皮(三分,用水浸泡后刮去白瓤)、细辛(半两)、甘草(半两,炙至微黄)。
用法:将上述药物研为末,炼蜜和捣,制成丸剂。
苏子汤(出自《千金方》):
药材组成:苏子(一升)、五味子(五合)、麻黄、细辛、紫菀、人参、黄芩、甘草(各三两)、桂心(当量未详,依原文顺序推测)。
用法:水煎服。
白前汤:治疗上气,肺热咳嗽,多涕唾。
药材组成:白前(四两)、生麦门冬(十分,去心)、贝母、石膏(碎,用棉包裹)、甘草(炙)、五味子、生姜(各四两)。
用法:将药物切碎,加水煎煮,去滓,取汁一匙,趁热服。服药后行走五六里路,以通利为度。忌食生菜等物。
小紫丸:治疗上气咳逆,夜间多吐浊唾。
药材组成:干姜、甘皮(一作甘草)、细辛、款冬花(各三分)、紫菀(三分)、附子(三枚,炮制)。
用法:将上述药物捣筛为末,炼蜜和丸。
杏仁煎:治疗咳嗽上气,多涕唾。
用法:只用一味杏仁,捣碎研磨,取一大升汁;再次研磨取三大升汁,用水调和研磨后的药液,煎取一大升,用酒送服一匙。
(Attached Discussion)
The condition of "Shang Qi" (rebellious Qi) with cough and counterflow is caused by the deficiency of the Lung organ, contracting Wind-Cold pathogens, which leads to cough and counterflow. During coughing, Qi accumulates in the Lungs, causing Lung distension, accompanied by vexation and oppression in the chest and heart.
Yuanhua San (Spurge Root Powder): Treats Shang Qi with cough and counterflow, fullness in the heart and chest, wheezing and cough, Qi knotting in the chest, and vexation with discomfort.
Ingredients: Yuan Hua (Radix Daphnes Genkwa, 0.5 liang, mixed with vinegar and stir-fried until dry), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae, 3 fen), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens Prepared, 0.5 liang, processed and chopped), Xixin (Herba Asari, 0.5 liang), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, 3 fen, soaked in water).
Usage: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 3 qian per dose, decocted in water.
Renshen San (Ginseng Powder) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shang Qi with cough and counterflow, and discomfort in the throat.
Ingredients: Renshen (Radix Ginseng, 1 liang, remove rhizome), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, 3 fen, soak in water, remove white pith, bake), Zi Wan (Herba Asteris Tatarici, 1 liang, wash and remove seedlings and soil), Chi Fuling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, 1 liang), Kuandonghua (Flos Farfarae, 3 fen, take the tip with double kernels, stir-fry with bran until slightly yellow).
Usage: Grind into powder. Take at any time without restriction.
Chuanjiao Wan (Sichuan Pepper Pill) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shang Qi with cough and counterflow, chest fullness, and excessive salivation.
Ingredients: Chuanjiao (Fructus Zanthoxyli, remove eyes and closed-mouth ones according to one method, stir-fry lightly until sweat appears), Renshen (Radix Ginseng, 1 liang, remove rhizome), Kuandonghua (Flos Farfarae, 3 fen), Chi Fuling (Poria Cocos with Red Cortex, 1 liang), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens Prepared, 1 liang, processed and chopped), Wuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, 3 fen), Xixin (Herba Asari, 3 fen).
Usage: Grind into powder. Mix with refined honey and make pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take three or four times a day.
Maimendong Wan (Ophiopogon Pill) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shang Qi with cough and counterflow, vexation and oppression in the chest and heart, and difficult urination.
Ingredients: Maimendong (Tuber Ophiopogonis Japonici, 1.5 liang, remove heart, bake), Kunbu (Thallus Laminariae Japonicae, 3 fen, wash to remove salty taste), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens Prepared, 0.5 liang, processed and chopped), Xixin (Herba Asari, 0.5 liang), Chuanjiao (Fructus Zanthoxyli, 0.5 liang, remove eyes and closed-mouth ones, stir-fry lightly to remove sweat).
Usage: Pound and捣 (pound/grind) for three to five hundred strokes. Mix with refined honey to make pills.
Guixin Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shang Qi with cough and counterflow, abdominal stagnation, alternating chills and fever, leading to emaciation, inability to eat, or occasional diarrhea.
Ingredients: Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae, 1 liang), Chuanjiao (Fructus Zanthoxyli, 3 liang, remove eyes and closed-mouth ones, stir-fry lightly to remove sweat), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis, 3 fen, roast until slightly red and chop), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, 3 fen), Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Ternatae, 3 fen, rinse seven times in water to remove slipperiness).
Usage: Cut the ingredients, decoct in water, strain, and take warm. (Note: The text mentions "make pills the size of Sophora seeds," which may imply a pill form or textual error, but translated literally as per source).
Ganjiang Wan (Zingiber Pill) (from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats Shang Qi with cough and counterflow, excessive salivation, and poor appetite.
Ingredients: Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens Prepared, 0.5 liang, processed and chopped), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae, 0.5 liang), Ganzipi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Tangerinae, 3 fen, soak in water, remove white pith), Xixin (Herba Asari, 0.5 liang), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis, 0.5 liang, roast until slightly yellow).
Usage: Grind into powder. Mix with refined honey and pound to make pills.
Suzi Tang (Perilla Seed Decoction) (from *Qianjin Fang*):
Ingredients: Suzi (Fructus Perillae Frutescentis, 1 sheng), Wuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, 5 he), Mahuang (Herba Ephedrae), Xixin (Herba Asari), Zi Wan (Herba Asteris Tatarici), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis, each 3 liang), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae, amount not specified in this segment).
Usage: Decoct in water and take.
Baiqian Tang (Peucedani Decoction): Treats Shang Qi, lung-heat cough, and excessive nasal discharge and saliva.
Ingredients: Baiqian (Radix Peucedani Praecocis, 4 liang), Sheng Maimendong (Tuber Ophiopogonis Japonici Fresh, 10 fen, remove heart), Beimu (Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed, wrapped in cotton), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis, roasted), Wuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens Fresh, each 4 liang).
Usage: Cut the herbs, decoct in water, strain, take one spoonful of the liquid, and drink while hot. Walk for about five to six *li* after taking the medicine, aiming for bowel movement. Avoid raw vegetables.
Xiaozi Wan (Small Purple Pill): Treats Shang Qi with cough and counterflow, and excessive turbid saliva at night.
Ingredients: Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens Prepared), Ganpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, alternatively Gancao/Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis), Xixin (Herba Asari), Kuandonghua (Flos Farfarae, each 3 fen), Zi Wan (Herba Asteris Tatarici, 3 fen), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, 3 pieces, processed).
Usage: Pound and sieve into powder. Mix with refined honey to make pills.
Xingren Jian (Apricot Kernel Decoction): Treats cough with rebellious Qi, excessive nasal discharge and saliva.
Usage: Use only Apricot Kernel (Semen Armeniacae Amarum). Pound and grind finely. Extract one *sheng* of juice. Grind again to extract three *sheng* of juice. Mix with water, grind together, and decoct to obtain one *sheng*. Take one spoonful with wine.
Treating Sudden Rebellious Qi (from *Bencao Fang*):
Take 3 liang of fresh ginger, cut into pieces the size of soap beans, chew thoroughly and swallow. This has been proven effective repeatedly.