细 为气血俱虚。为病在内。为积。为伤湿。为后泄。为寒。为神劳。为腹满。为忧伤
过度
细而紧。为症瘕积聚。为刺痛。细而滑。为僵仆。为发热。为呕吐。
数 为热。为虚。为吐。为痛。为烦渴。为烦满。
动 为痛。为惊。为挛。为泄。为恐。
虚 为寒。为虚。为脚弱。为食不消化。为伤暑。
促 经并无文。释曰∶其促有五。一曰气。二曰血。三曰饮。四曰食。五曰痰。但藏热
则脉
结 为痰。为饮。为血。为积。为气。释曰。气寒脉缓则为结。数则为促。虽缓数不
同。
散 经无文。释曰∶六腑气绝于外。则手足寒上气。五脏气绝于内。则下利不禁。甚者
不仁
革 为满。为急。为虚寒相搏。妇人半产漏下。释曰∶革者革也。固结不移之状。三部
应之
代 一藏绝他藏代至。释曰∶代真死脉。不分三部。随应皆是。
如前所列。皆本圣经。学人当熟读。令心开眼明。识取体状。然后交络互识。所谓六经
流注
如
一。长者有余而过也。故属于阳。其脉举按皆有余。冉冉寻之。往来流利。出于三关。
如持
法宜
二。短者不及之脉。故属于阴。凡物短长。各有所宜。适当其可。然后为中。夫长短未
始有
往来
搏。
三。虚者阴也。不实之象。阳为实。阴为虚。阳气自得传。肝气不胜。则少力多惊。故
其脉
原其
四。促者阳盛也。阳邪上忤。气有偏盛偏衰故也。其脉指下按之有余。举之洪数。下游
三关
阳邪
聚忧
死。
五。结者阴盛也。真阳已极衰弱也。夫脾布中和。因阳而发。阳衰阴盛。则脾气忤而不
能施
阴
结
六。代者阴也。内经曰∶代则气衰。盖心散则气衰。不能下应于土。脾不得安其常。故
脉代
形容
七。牢者坚也。固围之象。气之郁结故若是。仲景云∶寒则牢坚而沉结。指下寻之不见。
举
按
经脉之所本。而平人之常气皆禀于胃。今已脾胃不能符合。则生生之道。曷可全乎。法以牢
为水火相刑、必死之候。
八。动者阳与阴相搏也。仲景云∶阴阳相搏。名曰动。又曰∶数脉见于关上下无头尾。
厥厥
虚劳
女子
九。细者精气虚弱之极。而形容不足。内经曰∶细则气少。其脉之状。稍稍应指。往来
如绵
道由
缓也
细脉：主气血俱虚。病位在内。主积聚。主伤湿。主后泄（排便后腹泻）。主寒证。主神劳（精神过度劳累）。主腹满。主忧伤过度。
细而紧脉：主症瘕积聚（腹内结块）。主刺痛。
细而滑脉：主僵仆（突然昏倒、肢体僵硬）。主发热。主呕吐。
促脉：经典原文无详细记载。解释曰：促脉有五种成因。一是气滞，二是血瘀，三是饮邪，四是食积，五是痰浊。但脏腑有热则脉象表现为促。
结脉：主痰饮。主水饮。主瘀血。主积聚。主气滞。解释曰：气寒导致脉缓则出现结脉；脉数则出现促脉。虽然缓与数不同，但……
散脉：经典原文无详细记载。解释曰：六腑之气绝于体表，则手足寒冷且气逆上冲；五脏之气绝于体内，则下利不止无法控制。严重的会出现不知痛痒（不仁）。
革脉：主胀满。主拘急。主虚寒相搏。妇女半产（小产）或漏下（崩漏）。解释曰：革，即皮革之意。指脉象坚硬如鼓皮，固结不移的状态。三部脉均呈现此象。
代脉：一脏之气绝，他脏之气代为至。解释曰：代脉是真死之脉。不分寸关尺三部，随应皆现此象。
以上所列，皆本于经典经文。学习者应当熟读，使心胸开阔、眼目明亮，识别其体状，然后交叉网络、互相印证。所谓六经流注……
一、长脉：有余而过也。故属于阳。其脉举按皆有余，冉冉寻之，往来流利，出于三关。如持……法宜……
二、短脉：不及之脉。故属于阴。凡物长短，各有所宜。适当其可，然后为中。夫长短未始有……往来……搏。
三、虚脉：属阴。不实之象。阳为实，阴为虚。阳气自得传，肝气不胜，则少力多惊。故其脉……原其……
四、促脉：阳盛也。阳邪上忤，气有偏盛偏衰故也。其脉指下按之有余，举之洪数。下游三关……阳邪……聚忧……死。
五、结脉：阴盛也。真阳已极衰弱也。夫脾布中和，因阳而发。阳衰阴盛，则脾气忤而不能施……阴……结……
六、代脉：属阴。《内经》曰：代则气衰。盖心散则气衰，不能下应于土，脾不得安其常。故脉代……形容……
七、牢脉：坚也。固围之象。气之郁结故若是。仲景云：寒则牢坚而沉结。指下寻之不见，举……按……经脉之所本，而平人之常气皆禀于胃。今已脾胃不能符合，则生生之道，曷可全乎。法以牢为水火相刑、必死之候。
八、动脉：阳与阴相搏也。仲景云：阴阳相搏，名曰动。又曰：数脉见于关上下无头尾。厥厥……虚劳……女子……
九、细脉：精气虚弱之极，而形容不足。《内经》曰：细则气少。其脉之状，稍稍应指，往来如绵……道由……缓也
**Fine Pulse (Xi Mai):** Indicates deficiency of both Qi and Blood. The disease is located internally. It indicates accumulation (Ji), injury from dampness, post-defecation diarrhea, cold syndromes, mental fatigue, abdominal fullness, and excessive sorrow or worry.
**Fine and Tight Pulse:** Indicates mass formations and accumulations (Zheng Jia Ji Ju) in the abdomen, and stabbing pain.
**Fine and Slippery Pulse:** Indicates sudden collapse with stiffness (Jiang Pu), fever, and vomiting.
**Rapid Pulse (Shu Mai):** Indicates heat syndromes, deficiency syndromes, vomiting, pain, vexation with thirst, and vexation with fullness.
**Moving Pulse (Dong Mai):** Indicates pain, fright palpitations, spasms, diarrhea, and fear.
**Deficient Pulse (Xu Mai):** Indicates cold syndromes, deficiency syndromes, weakness in the legs, indigestion, and injury from summerheat.
**Hasty Pulse (Cu Mai):** The classic text lacks detailed description. Explanation: There are five causes for the hasty pulse: one is Qi stagnation, two is blood stasis, three is fluid retention, four is food retention, and five is phlegm. However, if there is heat in the Zang organs, the pulse manifests as hasty.
**Knotted Pulse (Jie Mai):** Indicates phlegm-fluids, fluid retention, blood stasis, accumulations, and Qi stagnation. Explanation: When Qi is cold and the pulse is slow, a knotted pulse appears; when the pulse is rapid, a hasty pulse appears. Although slow and rapid are different...
**Scattered Pulse (San Mai):** The classic text lacks detailed description. Explanation: When the Qi of the Six Fu organs fails at the exterior, the hands and feet become cold and Qi rebels upward; when the Qi of the Five Zang organs fails at the interior, there is uncontrollable diarrhea. In severe cases, there is insensibility (Bu Ren).
**Leather Pulse (Ge Mai):** Indicates fullness, tension, and the struggle between deficiency and cold. In women, it indicates spontaneous abortion (Ban Chan) or metrorrhagia (Lou Xia). Explanation: "Ge" means leather. It refers to a pulse condition that is hard like a drum skin, fixed and unyielding. This state is reflected in all three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi).
**Intermittent Pulse (Dai Mai):** When the Qi of one Zang organ fails, the Qi of another Zang organ arrives in its place. Explanation: The intermittent pulse is a true death pulse. It appears regardless of the three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi), manifesting wherever the pulse is felt.
The above descriptions are all based on the classic scriptures. Students should read them thoroughly to open their minds and brighten their eyes, recognizing the pulse characteristics, and then cross-reference and mutually verify them. This is referred to as the flow and distribution of the Six Channels...
One. **Long Pulse (Chang Mai):** Excessive and beyond normal. Therefore, it belongs to Yang. Its pulse feels abundant upon both lifting and pressing. Searching gently, it flows smoothly and extends beyond the three positions (Guan, Cun, Chi). Like holding... method should be...
Two. **Short Pulse (Duan Mai):** A pulse that falls short. Therefore, it belongs to Yin. For all things, length and shortness have their appropriate uses. Only when appropriate can it be considered medium. The beginning of long and short has not... movement... beat.
Three. **Deficient Pulse (Xu Mai):** Belongs to Yin. An image of emptiness. Yang is excess/solid, Yin is deficiency/empty. If Yang Qi transmits naturally but Liver Qi cannot overcome it, there will be lack of strength and frequent fright. Thus its pulse... originally...
Four. **Hasty Pulse (Cu Mai):** Yang excess. Yang pathogenic factors rebel upward due to the imbalance of Qi excess and deficiency. Under the fingers, pressing reveals abundance, while lifting reveals surging and rapid qualities. Downstream three positions... Yang pathogen... gathering worry... death.
Five. **Knotted Pulse (Jie Mai):** Yin excess. True Yang is extremely weak. The Spleen distributes neutral harmony, activating through Yang. When Yang declines and Yin abounds, Spleen Qi rebels and cannot function... Yin... knot...
Six. **Intermittent Pulse (Dai Mai):** Belongs to Yin. The *Neijing* states: "Intermittence indicates Qi decline." Since Heart Qi scatters, Qi declines and cannot descend to correspond with Earth (Spleen), causing the Spleen to lose its normal stability. Thus the pulse is intermittent... description...
Seven. **Deep-Firm Pulse (Lao Mai):** Firmness. An image of solid enclosure. This is due to the stagnation and knotting of Qi. Zhang Zhongjing said: Cold makes the pulse firm, deep, and knotted. Searching under the fingers, it is not seen; lifting... pressing... The basis of meridians and the normal Qi of healthy people are all derived from the Stomach. Now, if the Spleen and Stomach cannot conform, how can the way of life be complete? The method regards the deep-firm pulse as a sign of Water and Fire clashing, indicating certain death.
Eight. **Moving Pulse (Dong Mai):** The struggle between Yang and Yin. Zhang Zhongjing said: The struggle between Yin and Yang is named Moving Pulse. Also stated: A rapid pulse appearing above and below the Guan position without head or tail. Jue Jue... consumptive disease... women...
Nine. **Fine Pulse (Xi Mai):** Extreme weakness of Essence and Qi, resulting in insufficient physical appearance. The *Neijing* states: "Fineness indicates little Qi." The characteristic of this pulse is slightly responding to the finger, moving back and forth like cotton... the way lies... slow also.