（附论）
夫时气病。三日少阳受病。少阳脉循于胁。上于颈耳。故得病三日。胸胁热而耳聋也。
三阳经络始相传病。未入于脏。故可汗而愈。
方
柴胡散 治时气三日。头痛壮热。心神烦壅。胸膈不利。
柴胡（一两去苗炙） 人参（一两去芦头） 犀角屑（一两） 黄芩（一两） 麦门冬
（一两去
心） 甘草（炙微赤锉） 半夏（汤洗七次去滑各半两） 上为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。
入
生姜半分。枣三枚。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
葛根散（出圣惠方）治时气三日。头痛壮热。
葛根（一两五钱锉） 麻黄（一两五钱去根节） 赤芍药（一两） 黄芩（一两） 桂
心（一两）
甘草（一两炙微赤锉） 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄一两） 石膏（二两） 上为散。
每服五
钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。枣三枚。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。热服。衣覆取汗。
解肌麻黄散（出圣惠方）治时气三日表不解。热毒相传。或呕或嗽。
麻黄（一两去根节） 赤芍药（一两） 桂心（五钱） 甘草（五钱炙微赤锉） 细辛
（五钱）
杏仁（三分去皮尖双仁汤浸麸炒微黄） 上为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。煎至六分。去滓。
不计时候。热服。衣覆取汗。
鳖甲散（出圣惠方）治时气三日未解。四肢疼痛。心膈烦热。
鳖甲（涂醋炙微黄去裙 一两） 麻黄（去根节一两） 桂心（一两） 赤芍药（一两）
甘草
（一两炙微赤锉） 葛根（一两锉） 枳壳（麸炒微黄去瓤一两） 浓朴（去粗皮涂生姜汁
炙令香
熟一两） 上为散。每服五钱。以水一中盏。入豉五十粒。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。热
服。续以葱粥投之。汗出便愈。若未汗再服。
大黄散（出圣惠方）治时气三日。头痛烦热。
川大黄（一两锉碎微炒） 秦艽（一两去苗） 桂心（一两） 柴胡（一两去苗） 石
膏（二两）
甘草（五钱炙微赤锉） 上为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。入生姜半分。煎至六分。去滓。
不
计时候。温服。
又方
以皂荚烧作灰。研罗为散。每服不计时候。以新汲水一中盏。生姜汁蜜各少许相和。调
两钱服之。先用暖水淋浴。后服此药。须臾汗出愈。
柴胡散 治时气一日至三日。头痛壮热。心神烦闷。
柴胡（一两去苗） 石膏（一两碎） 麻黄（一两去根节掠去沫焙） 上粗捣筛。每服
三钱
匕。水一盏。入豉三十粒。葱白二寸。同煎六分。去滓。热服。并三服。汗出效。不计时候。
术豉汤 治天行时疫。三二日内未经汗下。
苍术（五两炒） 豉（三两五钱炒） 麻黄（二两去根节） 上粗捣筛。每服三钱。以
水一大
盏。煎至七分。去滓。热服。盖覆出汗。未汗再服。
人参汤（出王氏博济方）治时气三日。浑身疼痛壮热。不解。
人参（一两） 赤茯苓（一两去黑） 白术（一两） 甘草（一两锉） 麻黄（去根节
煎掠去沫
焙一两五钱） 上粗捣筛。每服三钱。以水一盏。入葱白盐豉各少许。同煎至六分。去滓。
温服。
解肌汤（出永类钤方）治天行病。二三日。头痛壮热者。
干葛（四两） 麻黄（三两去节） 芍药（二两） 黄芩（二两） 甘草（一两炙） 桂
心（一两
一作桂枝） 大枣（十二枚擘） 上切。以水八升。煮取二升半。去滓。分三服。得汗愈。
忌
海藻、菘菜、生葱等。三四日不汗脉浮者。宜重服发汗。脉沉实者。宜下之。
葛根汤 治时气二三日不解。头痛壮热恶寒。
葛根（一两锉） 麻黄（二两去根节煎掠去沫焙） 陈皮（一两汤浸去白焙） 甘草（一
两炙
锉） 黄芩（一两去黑心） 知母（一两焙） 杏仁（一两汤浸去双仁皮尖麸炒） 上粗捣
筛。每服
三钱匕。水一盏。生姜二片。同煎至七分。去滓。温服。一名葛根橘皮汤。无生姜。煎法同。
治疫气伤寒。二日已前不解者。（方见豉尿汤）
（附论）
时气病，发病第三天，少阳经受邪。少阳经脉循行于胁肋部，上行至颈部和耳部。因此患病三天后，会出现胸胁发热和耳聋的症状。
此时三阳经的经络开始相互传变致病，但病邪尚未深入内脏。所以可以通过发汗的方法使疾病痊愈。
方剂：
柴胡散：治疗时气病第三天。症状包括头痛、高热、心神烦闷壅滞、胸膈部不适。
药材组成：柴胡（一两，去苗，炙）、人参（一两，去芦头）、犀角屑（一两）、黄芩（一两）、麦门冬（一两，去心）、甘草（炙至微红，锉碎）、半夏（汤洗七次，去滑腻，各半两）。
制法与用法：将上述药物研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入生姜半分、大枣三枚，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣。不分时候，温服。
葛根散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病第三天。症状包括头痛、高热。
药材组成：葛根（一两五钱，锉碎）、麻黄（一两五钱，去根节）、赤芍药（一两）、黄芩（一两）、桂心（一两）、甘草（一两，炙至微红，锉碎）、杏仁（汤浸去皮尖，双仁，麸炒至微黄，一两）、石膏（二两）。
制法与用法：将上述药物研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一大盏，放入生姜半分、大枣三枚，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣。不分时候，热服。服药后覆盖衣被以取汗。
解肌麻黄散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病第三天表证未解，热毒相传。症状或见呕吐，或见咳嗽。
药材组成：麻黄（一两，去根节）、赤芍药（一两）、桂心（五钱）、甘草（五钱，炙至微红，锉碎）、细辛（五钱）、杏仁（三分，去皮尖，双仁，汤浸，麸炒至微黄）。
制法与用法：将上述药物研为散剂。每次服用四钱，加水一中盏，煎煮至剩余六分药液，滤去药渣。不分时候，热服。服药后覆盖衣被以取汗。
鳖甲散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病第三天病邪未解。症状包括四肢疼痛、心膈烦热。
药材组成：鳖甲（涂醋炙至微黄，去裙襕，一两）、麻黄（去根节，一两）、桂心（一两）、赤芍药（一两）、甘草（一两，炙至微红，锉碎）、葛根（一两，锉碎）、枳壳（麸炒至微黄，去瓤，一两）、浓朴（去粗皮，涂生姜汁炙至香熟，一两）。
制法与用法：将上述药物研为散剂。每次服用五钱，加水一中盏，放入豆豉五十粒，煎煮至剩余五分药液，滤去药渣。不分时候，热服。随后喝葱粥辅助。出汗即愈。若未出汗，可再次服用。
大黄散（出自《圣惠方》）：治疗时气病第三天。症状包括头痛、烦热。
药材组成：川大黄（一两，锉碎，微炒）、秦艽（一两，去苗）、桂心（一两）、柴胡（一两，去苗）、石膏（二两）、甘草（五钱，炙至微红，锉碎）。
制法与用法：将上述药物研为散剂。每次服用四钱，加水一中盏，放入生姜半分，煎煮至剩余六分药液，滤去药渣。不分时候，温服。
又一方：
用皂荚烧成灰，研磨过筛制成散剂。每次服用不拘时候，取新汲水一中盏，加入少许生姜汁和蜂蜜调和，调服两钱。先喝暖水淋浴，然后服用此药。不久后出汗即愈。
柴胡散：治疗时气病第一日至第三日。症状包括头痛、高热、心神烦闷。
药材组成：柴胡（一两，去苗）、石膏（一两，捣碎）、麻黄（一两，去根节，掠去浮沫，焙干）。
制法与用法：将上述药物粗捣筛。每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏，放入豆豉三十粒、葱白二寸，同煎至剩余六分药液，滤去药渣。热服。共服三次，出汗则有效。不分时候。
术豉汤：治疗天行时疫。发病二三日内未经过发汗或泻下治疗。
药材组成：苍术（五两，炒）、豉（三两五钱，炒）、麻黄（二两，去根节）。
制法与用法：将上述药物粗捣筛。每次服用三钱，加水一大盏，煎煮至剩余七分药液，滤去药渣。热服。盖覆衣被以取汗。若未出汗，可再次服用。
人参汤（出自王氏《博济方》）：治疗时气病第三天。症状包括浑身疼痛、高热不解。
药材组成：人参（一两）、赤茯苓（一两，去黑皮）、白术（一两）、甘草（一两，锉碎）、麻黄（去根节，煎掠去浮沫，焙干，一两五钱）。
制法与用法：将上述药物粗捣筛。每次服用三钱，加水一盏，放入葱白、盐豉各少许，同煎至剩余六分药液，滤去药渣。温服。
解肌汤（出自《永类钤方》）：治疗天行病。发病二三日，症状为头痛、高热。
药材组成：干葛（四两）、麻黄（三两，去节）、芍药（二两）、黄芩（二两）、甘草（一两，炙）、桂心（一两，一作桂枝）、大枣（十二枚，掰开）。
制法与用法：将上述药物切碎。加水八升，煮取二升半药液，滤去药渣。分三次服用。得汗即愈。
禁忌：海藻、菘菜、生葱等。若三四日仍未出汗且脉象浮者，宜加重剂量再次发汗。若脉象沉实者，宜用泻下法。
葛根汤：治疗时气病二三日未解。症状包括头痛、高热、恶寒。
药材组成：葛根（一两，锉碎）、麻黄（二两，去根节，煎掠去浮沫，焙干）、陈皮（一两，汤浸去白皮，焙干）、甘草（一两，炙，锉碎）、黄芩（一两，去黑心）、知母（一两，焙干）、杏仁（一两，汤浸去双仁皮尖，麸炒）。
制法与用法：将上述药物粗捣筛。每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏，生姜二片，同煎至剩余七分药液，滤去药渣。温服。此方又名葛根橘皮汤。若无生姜，煎法相同。
主治：疫气伤寒。发病二日前未解者。（方剂见豉尿汤）
(Attached Discussion)
In the disease of seasonal pathogens (Shi Qi Bing), on the third day, the Shaoyang channel (Lesser Yang channel) is affected. The Shaoyang channel circulates along the hypochondrium and ascends to the neck and ears. Therefore, after three days of illness, symptoms such as heat in the chest and hypochondrium and deafness occur.
At this stage, the meridians of the Three Yang channels begin to transmit the pathogen, but it has not yet entered the Zang organs. Thus, the disease can be cured by inducing sweating (Han Fa).
Prescriptions:
Chaihu San (Bupleurum Powder): Treats the third day of seasonal pathogens. Symptoms include headache, high fever, mental restlessness and oppression, and discomfort in the chest and diaphragm.
Ingredients: Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 1 liang, remove seedlings, stir-bake); Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 1 liang, remove rhizome); Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn; note: modern substitutes like Water Buffalo Horn are used clinically), sliced (1 liang); Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang); Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 1 liang, remove heart); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-bake until slightly red, cut into small pieces); Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, wash seven times with boiling water, remove slippery texture, each half liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one da zhen (large cup) of water, half a fen of Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and three dates (Da Zao). Decoct until five fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take warm at any time.
Ge Gen San (Puerariae Radix Powder) (from *Sheng Hui Fang*): Treats the third day of seasonal pathogens. Symptoms include headache and high fever.
Ingredients: Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 1.5 liang, cut into small pieces); Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 1.5 liang, remove root and joints); Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 1 liang); Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang); Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Cortex, 1 liang); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-bake until slightly red, cut into small pieces, 1 liang); Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, soak in water, remove skin and tips, use double kernels, stir-fry with bran until slightly yellow, 1 liang); Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one da zhen of water, half a fen of Sheng Jiang, and three dates. Decoct until five fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take hot at any time. Cover with clothing to induce sweating.
Jie Ji Ma Huang San (Muscle-Releasing Ephedra Powder) (from *Sheng Hui Fang*): Treats the third day of seasonal pathogens where the exterior syndrome is unresolved and heat-toxin spreads. Symptoms may include vomiting or coughing.
Ingredients: Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang, remove root and joints); Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 1 liang); Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Cortex, 5 qian); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-bake until slightly red, cut into small pieces, 5 qian); Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 5 qian); Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 3 fen, remove skin and tips, double kernels, soak in water, stir-fry with bran until slightly yellow).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add one zhong zhen of water. Decoct until six fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take hot at any time. Cover with clothing to induce sweating.
Bie Jia San (Turtle Shell Powder) (from *Sheng Hui Fang*): Treats the third day of seasonal pathogens where the disease has not resolved. Symptoms include pain in the four limbs and heat/oppression in the heart and diaphragm.
Ingredients: Bie Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, coat with vinegar, stir-bake until slightly yellow, remove skirt-like edges, 1 liang); Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, remove root and joints, 1 liang); Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Cortex, 1 liang); Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, 1 liang); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-bake until slightly red, cut into small pieces, 1 liang); Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, cut into small pieces, 1 liang); Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, stir-fry with bran until slightly yellow, remove pith, 1 liang); Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, remove rough bark, coat with ginger juice, stir-bake until fragrant and cooked, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one zhong zhen of water and 50 grains of Chi Dou (Fermented Soybean). Decoct until five fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take hot at any time. Follow with Cong Zhou (Green Onion Porridge). Recovery occurs upon sweating. If no sweat, take again.
Da Huang San (Rhubarb Powder) (from *Sheng Hui Fang*): Treats the third day of seasonal pathogens. Symptoms include headache and irritability/heat.
Ingredients: Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, cut into small pieces, lightly stir-fry); Qin Jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, 1 liang, remove seedlings); Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Cortex, 1 liang); Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 1 liang, remove seedlings); Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-bake until slightly red, cut into small pieces, 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add one zhong zhen of water and half a fen of Sheng Jiang. Decoct until six fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take warm at any time.
Another Prescription:
Burn Sophora Flavescens pods (Zao Jiao) to ash, grind and sieve into a powder. Take at any time. Mix 2 qian with one zhong zhen of fresh well-water, a little ginger juice, and honey. First, take a warm shower/bath, then take this medicine. Sweating will occur shortly, leading to recovery.
Chaihu San (Bupleurum Powder): Treats seasonal pathogens from the first to the third day. Symptoms include headache, high fever, and mental restlessness.
Ingredients: Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 1 liang, remove seedlings); Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang, crushed); Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang, remove root and joints, skim off foam, bake dry).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian bi (spoonful) per dose. Add one zhen of water, 30 grains of Chi Dou, and two cun of Bai Cong (White part of Scallion). Decoct together until six fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take hot. Take three doses total. Recovery occurs upon sweating. Take at any time.
Shu Chi Tang (Atractylodes and Fermented Soybean Decoction): Treats epidemic seasonal pathogens. Used when two to three days have passed since onset without prior sweating or purging treatments.
Ingredients: Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 5 liang, stir-fried); Chi Dou (Fermented Soybean, 3.5 liang, stir-fried); Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 2 liang, remove root and joints).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian per dose. Add one da zhen of water. Decoct until seven fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take hot. Cover to induce sweating. If no sweat, take again.
Ren Shen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) (from Wang Shi's *Bo Ji Fang*): Treats the third day of seasonal pathogens. Symptoms include whole-body pain and unremitting high fever.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 1 liang); Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Hosta Root, 1 liang, remove black skin); Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 1 liang); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, cut into small pieces); Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, remove root and joints, skim foam during decoction, bake dry, 1.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian per dose. Add one zhen of water, a little Bai Cong (White part of Scallion), and Yan Chi (Salted Fermented Soybean). Decoct together until six fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take warm.
Jie Ji Tang (Muscle-Releasing Decoction) (from *Yong Lei Qian Fang*): Treats epidemic diseases. On the second or third day, symptoms include headache and high fever.
Ingredients: Gan Ge (Dried Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 4 liang); Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 3 liang, remove joints); Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix, 2 liang); Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 liang); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-baked, 1 liang); Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus Cortex, 1 liang; alternatively Gui Zhi/Cinnamon Twig); Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces, split open).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces. Add eight sheng of water. Boil down to two and a half sheng. Strain. Divide into three doses. Recovery occurs upon sweating.
Contraindications: Hai Zao (Sargassum), Song Cai (Chinese Cabbage), raw Cong (Scallion), etc. If after three to four days there is still no sweat and the pulse is floating, increase the dose to induce sweating again. If the pulse is deep and solid, use purgation.
Ge Gen Tang (Pueraria Decoction): Treats seasonal pathogens unresolved after two to three days. Symptoms include headache, high fever, and aversion to cold.
Ingredients: Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 1 liang, cut into small pieces); Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 2 liang, remove root and joints, skim foam, bake dry); Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 1 liang, soak in water, remove white pith, bake dry); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, stir-baked, cut into small pieces, 1 liang); Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang, remove black heart); Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 1 liang, bake dry); Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 1 liang, soak in water, remove double kernels, skin, and tips, stir-fry with bran).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian bi per dose. Add one zhen of water and two slices of Sheng Jiang. Decoct together until seven fen of liquid remains. Strain. Take warm. This formula is also known as Ge Gen Ju Pi Tang (Pueraria and Tangerine Peel Decoction). If Sheng Jiang is omitted, the decoction method is the same.
Indication: Epidemic qi cold damage. For cases unresolved before the second day. (See Chi Niao Tang for the prescription).