(附论)
瘀血者。由经水蓄聚。或产后恶露不尽。皆本冲任气虚。风冷所乘。不能宣。故血瘀也。
瘀
方
调荣汤 治瘀血不消。脐腹引腰背俱痛。
川芎 当归 芍药 生姜地黄 三棱 莪术 白芷 延胡索 蒲黄 香附子 泽兰 细
辛
草(炙各三分)
胜金丸 治妇人久积。瘀血在腹内。疼痛不可忍。
水银(二分) 硫黄(一两以上二味同结作砂子细研) 棕榈皮(烧灰) 干漆(捣碎
炒令烟出)
当归(一两微炒煮)
乌蛇(一两酒浸去皮炙
研令匀。以酒煮面糊丸如梧桐
麒麟竭丸 治妇人经络痞涩。腹内有瘀血。疼痛不可忍。
麒麟竭(半两) 没药(半两) 砂(黄狗胆内浸一七日) 干漆(捣碎炒令烟出) 芫
花(醋拌
两锉微炒)
豆(一两去皮心研
先下 砂搅匀。
然后
当归丸 治妇人经络涩滞。致有瘀血在脏结聚欲成症块。
当归(一两半锉微炒) 鳖甲(半两涂醋炙令黄去裙 ) 琥珀(半两) 桃仁(一两
去皮尖
双仁
(以上
各半
杵。
丸如
虻虫散(一名桃仁散)治脏腑宿冷。经脉不利。腹中有瘀血。攻刺疼痛。
地龙散 治妇人血气不调。腹中积瘀血疼痛。
地龙(一分微炒) 蜴蜥(炒) 芎 桂心(各一两) 干姜(炮半两) 苏枋木(一
两锉)
木香
为细
散。
乌金散 治妇人脏腑风冷。宿有瘀血不消。令黄瘦羸困。
鲤鱼鳞(三两) 乱发(二分) 槐莪(三分) 桑莪(三分) 虻虫(一分) 水蛭
(一分) 川
大黄
泥。
固济
调下
败蒲汤 治妇人因血涩内瘀不散疼痛。
败蒲(烧灰) 当归(各二两) 牡丹皮 芎 赤芍药(各一两) 豉心(一两) 桃
仁(汤
浸去
水
一盏
砂丸 治妇人积瘀血在脏。攻心腹。时痛。四肢黄瘦。夜卧心烦。
砂 硫黄(与 砂同结为砂子细研) 芫花(醋拌炒令干) 没药 牡丹 水蛭(炒
令黄)
当
炼蜜
捣
桃仁汤 治妇人经水痞涩。因冷血瘀不通。结积脐腹为气痛。面黄体瘦。
桃仁 大黄(生用各一两) 桂(去粗皮) 当归(切焙各三分) 甘草(炙半两) 虻
虫(去
头足)
钱
匀。空
芫花散(出圣惠方)治妇人腹中宿有瘀血。结聚不散。疼痛。
芫花(醋拌一两炒令干) 川乌头(一分炮裂去皮脐) 鬼箭羽 虻虫(炒去翅足) 水
蛭
(炒微
下
半钱。
芎 汤 治妇人经水不利。血瘀不消。
芎 大黄(生用各一两) 荷叶(烧灰三七枚) 桂(去粗皮) 子(各一两) 上
粗捣
筛
大黄汤 治妇人血瘀不消。及扑损瘀血。
大黄(生用) 桃仁(汤浸去皮尖双仁各一两) 桂(去粗皮半两) 生干地黄(焙一
两) 郁
李仁
治妇人脏腑瘀血气胀。头疼咽干。胸中妨闷。食即呕逆。脐下满疼。四肢无力。痿
黄瘦弱。
乱发 釜下墨 桂心 神曲(微炒以上各一两) 麝香 上为细散。每服空心以热酒调
下二钱
桃仁丸(出圣惠方)治妇人腹内有瘀血。月水不利。或断或来。心腹满急。
桃仁(二两汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒微黄) 虻虫(四十枚去翅足微炒) 川大黄(二两锉
碎微炒)
每服以热酒下
琥珀散 治妇人经络痞涩。腹内有瘀血。痛不可忍。
琥珀(半两细研) 没药(半两细研) 生地黄(半斤) 上除地黄汁外。三味和匀。
每服二钱。
烧盐酒(出直指方)治血闭腹痛。产后瘀血腹痛。
上以新布数重包裹白盐一合。炭灰存性研细。温酒调下。即用青麻布能逐瘀血。
治破腹中恶血服下杀虫。
上用马鞭草生捣。水煎去滓。成煎如饴。空心酒服一匕。
地榆散(出家藏经验方)治败血。
何首乌 肉桂 地榆 香白芷 上各等分为粗末。每服二钱。米泔一盏半。沙糖一小块。
煎
酬
消瘀血。(出本草)
以生地黄捣。敷心腹上。
治妇人败血甚佳。(出本草)
以马蓝焙捣下筛。酒服一钱匕。
消瘀血不散。(出本草)
以生藕汁饮之。
疗瘀血。(出本草)
以琥珀刮屑水服之。
治瘀血不散便成痈。(出本草)
上捣生 子取汁一升服之。
除腹中宿血。(出本草)
以干柿多食瘥。
破宿血。(出本草)
用磨石烧赤。热投酒中饮之。
破宿血。\x(出本草)
用紫荆木浓煎服之。
(附论)
瘀血,是由于经血蓄积停滞,或者是产后恶露排出不尽所致。这些情况根本原因在于冲脉和任脉气虚,受到风冷邪气的侵袭,导致气血不能宣通,从而形成血瘀。
方剂
调荣汤:治疗瘀血无法消散,脐腹部牵引腰背部共同疼痛。
药材:川芎、当归、芍药、生姜、地黄、三棱、莪术、白芷、延胡索、蒲黄、香附子、泽兰、细辛、甘草(炙,各三分)。
胜金丸:治疗妇人久积的瘀血在腹内,疼痛难以忍受。
药材:水银(二分)、硫黄(一两以上,将这两味药同炼结成砂子后细研)、棕榈皮(烧成灰)、干漆(捣碎炒至烟出)、当归(一两,微炒煮制)。
麒麟竭丸:治疗妇人经络痞塞涩滞,腹内有瘀血,疼痛难以忍受。
药材:麒麟竭(半两)、没药(半两,在黄狗胆内浸泡七日)、干漆(捣碎炒至烟出)、芫花(醋拌)、豆(一两,去皮心研碎,先下与砂搅匀,然后加入其他药)、当归(剂量原文缺失,依上下文推测为常规用量,此处仅译列名)。
当归丸:治疗妇人经络涩滞,导致有瘀血在脏腑结聚,欲形成症块。
药材:当归(一两半,锉碎微炒)、鳖甲(半两,涂醋炙令黄色,去裙边)、琥珀(半两)、桃仁(一两,去皮尖双仁,以上各半,杵碎,丸如梧桐子大)。
虻虫散(又名桃仁散):治疗脏腑宿寒,经脉不利,腹中有瘀血,攻刺样疼痛。
地龙散:治疗妇人血气不调,腹中积聚瘀血疼痛。
药材:地龙(一分,微炒)、蜥蜴(炒)、川芎、桂心(各一两)、干姜(炮制半两)、苏枋木(一两,锉碎)、木香(为细末散剂)。
乌金散:治疗妇人脏腑受风冷,宿有瘀血不消,导致面色萎黄消瘦、身体困倦。
药材:鲤鱼鳞(三两)、乱发(二分)、槐莪(三分)、桑莪(三分)、虻虫(一分)、水蛭(一分)、川大黄(泥制固济,调下服用)。
败蒲汤:治疗妇人因血行涩滞内瘀不散引起的疼痛。
药材:败蒲(烧成灰)、当归(各二两)、牡丹皮、川芎、赤芍药(各一两)、豉心(一两)、桃仁(汤浸去皮尖)。
砂丸:治疗妇人积瘀血在脏,攻冲心腹,时而疼痛,四肢黄瘦,夜间卧床心烦。
药材:砂、硫黄(与砂同结为砂子细研)、芫花(醋拌炒令干)、没药、牡丹、水蛭(炒令黄色)、当归、炼蜜捣丸。
桃仁汤:治疗妇人经血痞涩,因冷血瘀不通,结积于脐腹引起气痛,面黄体瘦。
药材:桃仁、大黄(生用各一两)、桂(去粗皮)、当归(切焙各三分)、甘草(炙半两)、虻虫(去头足)。
芫花散(出自《圣惠方》):治疗妇人腹中宿有瘀血,结聚不散,疼痛。
药材:芫花(醋拌一两炒令干)、川乌头(一分,炮裂去皮脐)、鬼箭羽、虻虫(炒去翅足)、水蛭(炒微焦)。
川芎汤:治疗妇人经血不利,血瘀不消。
药材:川芎、大黄(生用各一两)、荷叶(烧灰三七枚)、桂(去粗皮)、子(各一两,上药粗捣筛)。
大黄汤:治疗妇人血瘀不消,以及跌打损伤后的瘀血。
药材:大黄(生用)、桃仁(汤浸去皮尖双仁各一两)、桂(去粗皮半两)、生干地黄(焙一两)、郁李仁。
治妇人脏腑瘀血气胀,头疼咽干,胸中妨闷,进食即呕逆,脐下满疼,四肢无力,痿黄瘦弱。
药材:乱发、釜下墨、桂心、神曲(微炒,以上各一两)、麝香。上为细散,每服空心以热酒调下二钱。
桃仁丸(出自《圣惠方》):治疗妇人腹内有瘀血,月经不利,或断或来,心腹满急。
药材:桃仁(二两,汤浸去皮尖双仁,麸炒微黄)、虻虫(四十枚,去翅足微炒)、川大黄(二两,锉碎微炒),每服以热酒送下。
琥珀散:治疗妇人经络痞塞涩滞,腹内有瘀血,疼痛难以忍受。
药材:琥珀(半两,细研)、没药(半两,细研)、生地黄(半斤)。除地黄汁外,三味和匀,每服二钱。
烧盐酒(出自《直指方》):治疗血闭腹痛,产后瘀血腹痛。
用法:用新布数重包裹白盐一合,炭灰存性研细,温酒调下。即用青麻布能逐瘀血。治破腹中恶血,服下可杀虫。
马鞭草煎:
用法:上用马鞭草生捣,水煎去滓,成煎如饴糖状,空心酒服一匕。
地榆散(出自《家藏经验方》):治疗败血。
药材:何首乌、肉桂、地榆、香白芷。上各等分为粗末,每服二钱,米泔水一盏半,沙糖一小块,煎服。
治妇人败血甚佳(出自《本草》):
用法:以马蓝焙干捣碎过筛,酒服一钱匕。
治瘀血不散便成痈(出自《本草》):
用法:上捣生李子取汁一升服之。
破宿血(出自《本草》):
用法:用磨石烧红,热投酒中饮之。
破宿血(出自《本草》):
用法:用紫荆木浓煎服之。
(Attached Discussion)
Blood stasis (Yu Xue, blood stasis) arises from the accumulation of menstrual blood or the incomplete discharge of lochia after childbirth. The root cause lies in the deficiency of Qi in the Chong and Ren meridians, which allows wind-cold pathogens to invade. This prevents the free circulation of Qi and blood, resulting in blood stasis.
Formulas
Tiaorong Tang (Regulate Blood Decoction): Treats unresolving blood stasis with pain radiating from the umbilical and abdominal regions to the lower back.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Danggui Radix (Danggui), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang), Sparganii Rhizoma (Sanleng), Curcumae Rhizoma (Ezhu), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi), Corydalis Rhizoma (Yanhusuo), Polygoni Citrini Pollen (Puhuang), Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfuzi), Lycopi Herba (Zelan), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, roasted, each 3 fen).
Shengjin Wan (Victory Gold Pill): Treats long-standing accumulated blood stasis in the abdomen causing unbearable pain.
Ingredients: Hydrargyrum (Shuiyin, 2 fen), Sulfur (Liuhuang, over 1 liang; these two are smelted together into cinnabar-like grains and ground finely), Livistonae Folium Cinis (Zonglupi, burnt to ash), Drynariae Rhizoma processed with smoke (Ganqi, pounded and stir-fried until smoke emerges), Danggui Radix (Danggui, 1 liang, lightly stir-fried and boiled).
Qilinjie Wan (Kirin Blood Pill): Treats blockage and stagnation in the meridians of women, with blood stasis in the abdomen causing unbearable pain.
Ingredients: Dracaena Sangue Draconis (Qilinjie, half liang), Myrrha (Moyao, half liang, soaked in gallbladder of yellow dog for seven days), Ganqi (pounded and stir-fried until smoke emerges), Genkwa Flos (Yuanhua, mixed with vinegar), [Bean name missing in text] (1 liang, peeled and heart removed, ground; added first with sand and stirred evenly, then other ingredients added), Danggui Radix (Danggui).
Danggui Wan (Danggui Pill): Treats stagnation in the meridians leading to blood stasis accumulating in the zang-fu organs, potentially forming masses.
Ingredients: Danggui Radix (Danggui, 1.5 liang, cut and lightly stir-fried), Testudinis et Chelonis Carapax et Plastrum (Biejia, half liang, coated with vinegar and roasted until yellow, skirt removed), Succinum (Hupo, half liang), Persic Semen (Taoren, 1 liang, skin and pointed ends removed, double-kernel ones excluded; above ingredients pounded together, formed into pills the size of paulownia seeds).
Mengchong San (Bug Powder, also known as Taoren San): Treats chronic cold in the zang-fu organs, impaired meridian flow, blood stasis in the abdomen, and stabbing pain.
Dilong San (Earthworm Powder): Treats irregular blood and qi in women, and pain from accumulated blood stasis in the abdomen.
Ingredients: Pheretima (Dilong, 1 fen, lightly stir-fried), Lacerta (Yixi, stir-fried), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Xiong), Cinnamomi Ramulum (Guixin, each 1 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, processed, half liang), Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum (Sufangmu, 1 liang, cut), Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (Muxiang, ground into fine powder).
Wujin San (Black Gold Powder): Treats wind-cold in the zang-fu organs of women, unresolved chronic blood stasis, leading to sallow complexion, emaciation, and fatigue.
Ingredients: Cyprini Squama (Liyulin, 3 liang), Hominis Capillus Carbonisatus (Luancha, 2 fen), Quercus Oaki Fructus (Huai'e, 3 fen), Quercus Mongolica Fructus (Sang'e, 3 fen), Bug (Mengchong, 1 fen), Hirudo (Shuizhi, 1 fen), Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, prepared with mud and sealed, taken orally).
Baipu Tang (Decayed Cattail Decoction): Treats pain caused by internal stagnation and unresolved blood stasis due to sluggish blood flow in women.
Ingredients: Phragmitis Caulis Carbonisatus (Baipu, burnt to ash), Danggui Radix (Danggui, each 2 liang), Moutan Cortex (Mudanpi), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Xiong), Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishaoyao, each 1 liang), Glycines Semen Germinatum (Shixin, 1 liang), Persic Semen (Taoren, soaked in hot water, skin and tips removed).
Shawan Wan (Realgar Pill): Treats accumulated blood stasis in the zang organs attacking the heart and abdomen, intermittent pain, sallow and emaciated limbs, and restlessness at night.
Ingredients: Realgar (Shawan), Sulfur (Liuhuang, smelted with Realgar into fine grains), Genkwa Flos (Yuanhua, mixed with vinegar and roasted dry), Myrrha (Moyao), Moutan Cortex (Mudan), Hirudo (Shuizhi, roasted until yellow), Danggui Radix (Danggui), refined honey (used to bind pills).
Taoren Tang (Persic Seed Decoction): Treats obstructed menstruation due to cold-induced blood stasis, accumulation in the umbilical/abdominal region causing qi pain, sallow face, and emaciation.
Ingredients: Persic Semen (Taoren), Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, raw, each 1 liang), Cinnamomi Ramulum (Gui, bark removed), Danggui Radix (Danggui, sliced and baked, each 3 fen), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, roasted, half liang), Bug (Mengchong, head and feet removed).
Yuanhua San (Genkwa Powder, from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats chronic blood stasis in the abdomen that accumulates and does not disperse, causing pain.
Ingredients: Genkwa Flos (Yuanhua, mixed with vinegar, 1 liang, roasted dry), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Chuanwutou, 1 fen, processed, cracked, skin and navel removed), Ardisiae Cauliflora Ramulus (Guijianyu), Bug (Mengchong, roasted, wings and feet removed), Hirudo (Shuizhi, roasted slightly).
Chuanxiong Tang (Chuanxiong Decoction): Treats difficult menstruation and unresolved blood stasis.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Xiong), Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, raw, each 1 liang), Nelumbinis Folium Carbonisatus (Heye, 37 leaves burnt to ash), Cinnamomi Ramulum (Gui, bark removed), [Seed name missing] (each 1 liang; coarse grind and sieve).
Dahuang Tang (Rhubarb Decoction): Treats unresolved blood stasis and traumatic blood stasis from injuries.
Ingredients: Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, raw), Persic Semen (Taoren, soaked in hot water, skin and tips removed, double-kernel ones, each 1 liang), Cinnamomi Ramulum (Gui, bark removed, half liang), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengshengdihuang, baked, 1 liang), Pruni Semen (Yuliren).
Treatment for blood stasis qi distension in zang-fu organs, headache, dry throat, chest oppression, vomiting after eating, fullness and pain below the umbilicus, weakness in limbs, sallow emaciation.
Ingredients: Hominis Capillus Carbonisatus (Luancha), Fossi Carbonisatus (Fuxiamu), Cinnamomi Ramulum (Guixin), Saccharomyces (Shenqu, lightly stir-fried, each 1 liang), Moschus (Shexiang). Ground into fine powder. Take 2 qian on an empty stomach with warm wine.
Taoren Wan (Persic Seed Pill, from *Shenghui Fang*): Treats blood stasis in the abdomen, irregular menstruation (intermittent flow), abdominal fullness and urgency.
Ingredients: Persic Semen (Taoren, 2 liang, soaked in hot water, skin and tips removed, double-kernel ones, bran-roasted until slightly yellow), Bug (Mengchong, 40 pieces, wings and feet removed, lightly stir-fried), Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Chuan Dahuang, 2 liang, cut and lightly stir-fried). Take with warm wine.
Hupo San (Amber Powder): Treats blockage and stagnation in meridians, blood stasis in the abdomen causing unbearable pain.
Ingredients: Succinum (Hupo, half liang, finely ground), Myrrha (Moyao, half liang, finely ground), Rehmanniae Radix (Shengdihuang, half jin). Except for the juice of Shengdihuang, mix the three ingredients evenly. Take 2 qian per dose.
Shaoyan Jiu (Burnt Salt Wine, from *Zhizhi Fang*): Treats blood obstruction abdominal pain and postpartum blood stasis abdominal pain.
Usage: Wrap 1 he of white salt in several layers of new cloth, mix with carbonized ash (preserved nature) ground finely, take with warm wine. Qingma cloth can help expel blood stasis. For evil blood in ruptured abdomen, ingestion kills parasites.
Mabiancao Jian (Verbena Decoction):
Usage: Fresh Mabiancao is pounded, decocted in water, strained, and reduced to a syrup consistency. Take one bi with wine on an empty stomach.
Diyu San (Sanguisorba Powder, from *Jiacang Jingyan Fang*): Treats敗血 (failed blood/stagnant blood).
Ingredients: Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Heshouwu), Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui), Sanguisorbae Radix (Diyu), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Xiangbaizhi). Equal parts coarsely ground. Take 2 qian with 1.5 bowls of rice wash water and a small piece of rock sugar, decocted.
Xiao Yuxue (Eliminate Blood Stasis, from *Bencao*):
Usage: Pound fresh Dihuang and apply to the heart and abdomen.
Excellent for treating failed blood in women (from *Bencao*):
Usage: Roast Malan, pound, sieve, and take 1 qian with wine.
Eliminate stubborn blood stasis (from *Bencao*):
Usage: Drink fresh lotus root juice.
Treat blood stasis (from *Bencao*):
Usage: Scrape Hupo into dust and take with water.
Treat blood stasis that does not disperse and turns into abscess (from *Bencao*):
Usage: Pound fresh Li Zi (plum seed) to extract juice, take 1 sheng.
Remove chronic blood in the abdomen (from *Bencao*):
Usage: Eat many dried persimmons to cure.
Break chronic blood (from *Bencao*):
Usage: Heat a whetstone until red-hot, throw it into wine, and drink.
Break chronic blood (from *Bencao*):
Usage: Decoct Zijing Wood (Bauhinia variegata wood) strongly and take.