伤寒无大热。口燥渴。心烦。背微恶寒者。白虎加人参汤主之。
（无大热者。为身无大热也。口燥渴。心烦者。当作阳明病。然以背微恶寒为表未全罢。
所
寒
伤寒脉浮。发热无汗。其表不解者。不可与白虎汤。渴欲饮水。无表证者。白虎加人参
汤主
（伤寒脉浮。发热无汗。其表不解。不渴者。宜麻黄汤。渴者。宜五苓散。非白虎汤所
宜。
太阳少阳并病。心下硬。颈项强而眩者。当刺大椎肺俞。慎勿下之。
（心下痞硬而眩者。少阳也。颈项强者。太阳也。刺大椎肺俞。以泻太阳之邪。以太阳
脉下
半表
胃。
少阳
太阳与少阳合病。自下利者。与黄芩汤。若呕者。黄芩加半夏生姜汤主之。
（太阳、阳明合病。自下利为在表。当与葛根汤发汗。阳明、少阳合病。自下利为在里。
可
以
黄芩汤方
黄芩（三两味苦寒） 甘草（二两炙味甘平） 芍药（二两味酸平） 大枣（二十枚擘
味甘温）
（虚而不实者。苦以坚之。酸以收之。黄芩、芍药之苦酸。以坚敛肠胃之气。弱而不足
者。
滓。温
伤寒胸中有热。胃中有邪气。腹中痛。欲呕吐者。黄连汤主之。
（湿家下后。舌上如苔者。以丹田有热。胸上有寒。是邪气入里。而为下热上寒也。此
伤寒
寒。
黄连汤方
黄连（味苦寒） 甘草（炙味甘平） 干姜（味辛热） 桂枝（去皮味辛热各三两） 人
参（二
两味
（上热者。泄之以苦。黄连之苦。以降阳。下寒者。散之以辛。桂、姜、半夏之辛。以
升阴
煮取
伤寒八九日。风湿相搏。身体疼烦。不能自转侧。不呕不渴。脉浮虚而涩者。桂枝附子
汤主
（伤寒与中风家。至七八日。再经之时。则邪气多在里。身必不苦疼痛。今日数多。复
身体
则浮
知
若其人大便硬。小便自利者。去桂枝。加白术汤主之。
（桂发汗。走津液。此小便利。大便硬。为津液不足。去桂加术。）
桂枝附子汤方
桂枝（四两去皮味辛热） 附子（三枚炮去皮破八片辛热） 生姜（三两切辛温） 甘
草（二
两炙
（风在表者。散以桂枝、甘草之辛甘。湿在经者。逐以附子之辛热。姜枣辛甘。行营卫。
通
风湿相搏。骨节烦疼掣痛。不得屈伸。近之则痛剧。汗出短气。小便不利。恶风。不欲
去衣
（风则伤卫。湿流关节。风湿相搏。两邪乱经。故骨节疼烦掣痛。不得屈伸。近之则痛
剧也
或
甘草附子汤方
甘草（二两炙味甘平） 附子（二枚炮去皮破味辛热）白术（二两味甘温） 桂枝（四
两去皮
味辛
（桂枝、甘草之辛甘。发散风邪而和卫。附子、白术之辛甘。解湿气而温经。） 上四
味。
以
五
伤寒脉浮滑。此表有热。里有寒。白虎汤主之。
（浮为在表。滑为在里。表有热。外有热也。里有寒。有邪气传里也。以邪未入腑。故
止言
白虎汤方
知母（六两味苦寒） 石膏（一斤碎味辛寒） 甘草（二两味甘平） 粳米（六合味甘
平）
（内经曰。热淫所胜。佐以苦甘。知母、石膏之苦甘。以散热。热则伤气。甘以缓之。
甘草
服。
伤寒脉结代。心动悸。炙甘草汤主之。
（结代之脉。动而中止。能自还者。名曰结。不能自还者。名曰代。由血气虚衰。不能
相续
炙甘草汤方
甘草（四两炙味甘平） 生姜（三两切味辛温） 桂枝（三两去皮味辛热） 人参（二
两味甘
温）
（半升味
甘平）
（补可以去弱。人参、甘草、大枣之甘。以补不足之气。桂枝、生姜之辛。以益正气。
圣济
之甘
滓。
脉按之来缓。而时一止。复来者。名曰结。又脉来动而中止。更来小数。中有还者反动。
名
（结代之脉。一为邪气留结。一为真气虚衰。脉来动而中止。若能自还。更来小数。止
是邪
极。
伤寒病，身体没有明显高热，口干燥且口渴，心中烦躁，背部有轻微怕冷感觉的，用白虎加人参汤主治。
（所谓“无大热”，是指身体没有明显的高热。口干燥、口渴、心烦的症状，应当归属于阳明病。然而因为背部有轻微怕冷，说明表证尚未完全解除。）
伤寒病，脉象浮，发热，无汗，表证未解的，不可给予白虎汤。如果口渴想喝水，且没有表证的，用白虎加人参汤主治。
（伤寒病，脉象浮，发热，无汗，表证未解，且不口渴的，适宜用麻黄汤；如果口渴的，适宜用五苓散。这些情况都不适宜用白虎汤。）
太阳经与少阳经同时发病，胃脘部痞硬，颈项强直且头晕目眩的，应当针刺大椎穴和肺俞穴，千万不要使用攻下法。
（心下痞硬且头晕的，属于少阳病；颈项强直的，属于太阳病。针刺大椎穴和肺俞穴，是为了泻除太阳经的邪气。因为太阳经脉下行……半表……胃。少阳……）
太阳经与少阳经合病，出现自发性腹泻的，给予黄芩汤治疗；如果有呕吐症状的，用黄芩加半夏生姜汤主治。
（太阳经与阳明经合病，自发性腹泻属于表证，应当用葛根汤发汗；阳明经与少阳经合病，自发性腹泻属于里证，可以用……黄芩汤方：黄芩（三两，味苦寒）、甘草（二两，炙过，味甘平）、芍药（二两，味酸平）、大枣（二十枚，掰开，味甘温）。
（体质虚弱而不充实的，用苦味药来坚固它，用酸味药来收敛它。黄芩、芍药的苦酸之性，用来坚固收敛肠胃之气；体质柔弱而不足的……滓。温……）
伤寒病，胸中有热，胃中有邪气，腹部疼痛，想要呕吐的，用黄连汤主治。
（患有湿病的患者经过攻下治疗后，舌面上像有一层苔藓一样的东西，这是因为丹田有热，胸上有寒。这是邪气入里，形成了上寒下热的局面。此……伤寒……寒。
黄连汤方：黄连（味苦寒）、甘草（炙过，味甘平）、干姜（味辛热）、桂枝（去皮，味辛热，各三两）、人参（二两，味……）
（上部有热的，用苦味药来泄降，黄连的苦味，用来降阳气；下部有寒的，用辛味药来散寒，桂枝、干姜、半夏的辛味，用来升阴气……煮取……）
伤寒病经过八九日，风邪与湿邪相互搏结，身体疼痛烦扰，不能自行翻身转动，不呕吐也不口渴，脉象浮虚而涩的，用桂枝附子汤主治。
（伤寒与中风患者，到了七八天，处于再经的时候，邪气多在体内，身体必定不会感到剧烈疼痛。如今天数多，又……身体……则浮……知……
如果这个人大便干硬，小便自利的，去掉桂枝，加入白术汤主治。
（桂枝发汗，耗损津液。这里小便通利，大便干硬，是因为津液不足。所以去掉桂枝，加入白术。）
桂枝附子汤方：桂枝（四两，去皮，味辛热）、附子（三枚，炮制后去皮，破成八片，味辛热）、生姜（三两，切，味辛温）、甘草（二两，炙过……）
（风邪在体表的，用桂枝、甘草的辛甘之性来发散；湿邪在经络的，用附子的辛热之性来驱逐。生姜、大枣的辛甘之性，运行营卫，通……）
风湿相互搏结，骨节烦痛牵掣，不能屈伸，靠近时疼痛加剧，出汗，气短，小便不利，怕风，不想脱掉衣服……
（风邪伤害卫气，湿邪流注关节，风与湿相互搏结，两种邪气扰乱经络，所以骨节疼痛烦扰、牵掣痛，不能屈伸，靠近时疼痛加剧。或者……
甘草附子汤方：甘草（二两，炙过，味甘平）、附子（二枚，炮制后去皮，破开，味辛热）、白术（二两，味甘温）、桂枝（四两，去皮，味辛……）
（桂枝、甘草的辛甘之性，发散风邪调和卫气；附子、白术的辛甘之性，化解湿气温暖经络。）以上四味药……以……五……
伤寒病，脉象浮滑，这是表有热，里有寒，用白虎汤主治。
（浮脉表示病在表，滑脉表示病在里。表有热，指体表有热；里有寒，指有邪气传入体内。因为邪气尚未进入腑，所以只说……
白虎汤方：知母（六两，味苦寒）、石膏（一斤，捣碎，味辛寒）、甘草（二两，味甘平）、粳米（六合，味甘平）。
（《内经》说：热邪过盛，用苦甘之品佐助。知母、石膏的苦甘之性，用来散热。热邪会伤气，甘味药可以缓和它。甘草……服……）
伤寒病，脉象结代，心跳悸动不安的，用炙甘草汤主治。
（结代脉，跳动过程中停止，能自己恢复跳动的，名叫结脉；不能自己恢复跳动的，名叫代脉。这是由于气血虚衰，不能……
炙甘草汤方：甘草（四两，炙过，味甘平）、生姜（三两，切，味辛温）、桂枝（三两，去皮，味辛热）、人参（二两，味甘……温）
（半升，味……甘平）
（补益可以去弱，人参、甘草、大枣的甘味，用来补益不足的气；桂枝、生姜的辛味，用来增益正气。圣济……的甘……滓。……）
脉搏按下去来得缓慢，而且时常有一次停顿，停后又重新跳动的，名叫结脉。另外，脉搏跳动中停止，再次来时较快，中间有回返者反而跳动，名……
（结代脉，一种是邪气留滞结聚，一种是真气虚衰。脉搏跳动中停止，如果能自己恢复，再次来时较快，只是邪气……极。）
Typhoid fever with no significant high fever, dry mouth and thirst, mental restlessness, and slight aversion to cold on the back should be treated with Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng).
(“No significant high fever” refers to the absence of marked high fever. Symptoms of dry mouth, thirst, and mental restlessness should be classified as Yangming disease (disease of the Yangming channel/organ). However, due to the slight aversion to cold on the back, it indicates that the exterior syndrome has not yet completely resolved.)
In typhoid fever, if the pulse is floating, there is fever, no sweating, and the exterior syndrome is unresolved, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) must not be administered. If there is thirst desire to drink water and no exterior syndrome, Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) should be used.
(In typhoid fever, if the pulse is floating, there is fever, no sweating, the exterior syndrome is unresolved, and there is no thirst, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is appropriate; if there is thirst, Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is appropriate. These conditions are not suitable for Baihu Tang.)
When Taiyang (Greater Yang) and Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) diseases occur simultaneously, with hardness in the epigastrium, stiffness and tension in the neck and nape, and dizziness, acupuncture at Dazhui (GV14) and Feishu (BL13) should be performed. Purging methods must be strictly avoided.
(Hardness in the epigastrium with dizziness belongs to Shaoyang disease; stiffness and tension in the neck and nape belongs to Taiyang disease. Acupuncture at Dazhui and Feishu is used to drain pathogenic factors from the Taiyang channel. Since the Taiyang channel descends... half-exterior... Stomach. Shaoyang...)
When Taiyang and Shaoyang diseases combine, resulting in spontaneous diarrhea, Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) should be given. If vomiting occurs, Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria Decoction plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger) should be used.
(Taiyang and Yangming combined disease with spontaneous diarrhea is an exterior condition, requiring Gan Gen Tang (Kudzu Decoction) to induce sweating; Yangming and Shaoyang combined disease with spontaneous diarrhea is an interior condition, which can be treated with... Huangqin Tang Formula: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 liang, bitter and cold), Zhigan (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparatum, 2 liang, sweet and neutral after honey-frying), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix, 2 liang, sour and neutral), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 20 pieces, split open, sweet and warm).
(For deficiency without excess, bitter flavors solidify, and sour flavors astringe. The bitter and sour properties of Huangqin and Shaoyao are used to solidify and astringe the Qi of the intestines and stomach; for weakness and insufficiency... residue. Warm...)
In typhoid fever, with heat in the chest, pathogenic factors in the stomach, abdominal pain, and desire to vomit, Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction) should be used.
(After purgation in patients with dampness disorders, a coating resembling moss on the tongue indicates heat in the Dantian (lower abdomen) and cold in the chest. This signifies pathogenic factors entering the interior, resulting in upper cold and lower heat. This... typhoid... cold.
Huanglian Tang Formula: Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, bitter and cold), Zhigan (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparatum, sweet and neutral after honey-frying), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, pungent and hot), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, peeled, pungent and hot, each 3 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 2 liang, taste...)
(For heat in the upper part, bitter flavors drain; the bitterness of Huanglian lowers Yang. For cold in the lower part, pungent flavors disperse; the pungency of Guizhi, Ganjiang, and Banxia raises Yin... decoct to obtain...)
After eight or nine days of typhoid fever, if wind and dampness pathogens intermingle, causing severe body pain and irritability, inability to turn over independently, no vomiting, no thirst, and a floating, deficient, and choppy pulse, Guizhi Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Aconite Decoction) should be used.
(In cases of typhoid or wind-stroke, by the seventh or eighth day, during the second period of transmission, pathogenic factors are mostly interior, and the body typically does not suffer from severe pain. Now, with many days passed, again... body... then floating... know...
If the person has hard stool and free urination, remove Guizhi and add Baizhu Tang (Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) to treat.
(Guizhi induces sweating and consumes fluids. Here, free urination and hard stool indicate insufficient fluids. Therefore, remove Guizhi and add Baizhu.)
Guizhi Fuzi Tang Formula: Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 4 liang, peeled, pungent and hot), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, 3 pieces, processed, peeled, broken into eight slices, pungent and hot), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma, 3 liang, sliced, pungent and warm), Zhigan (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparatum, 2 liang, honey-fried...)
(For wind in the exterior, disperse with the pungent and sweet properties of Guizhi and Zhigan; for dampness in the meridians, drive out with the pungent and hot property of Fuzi. The pungent and sweet properties of Jiang and Zao circulate Ying and Wei, unblocking...)
When wind and dampness intermingle, causing severe joint pain, pulling pain, inability to flex or extend, intensified pain upon touch, sweating, shortness of breath, difficulty in urination, aversion to wind, and reluctance to remove clothing...
(Wind damages Wei Qi, dampness flows into joints. Wind and dampness intermingle, disturbing the meridians with both pathogens, hence severe joint pain, pulling pain, inability to flex or extend, and intensified pain upon touch. Or...
Gancao Fuzi Tang Formula: Zhigan (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparatum, 2 liang, honey-fried, sweet and neutral), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata, 2 pieces, processed, peeled, broken, pungent and hot), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 liang, sweet and warm), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 4 liang, peeled, pungent...)
(The pungent and sweet properties of Guizhi and Zhigan disperse wind pathogens and harmonize Wei; the pungent and sweet properties of Fuzi and Baizhu resolve dampness and warm the meridians.) The above four ingredients... with... five...
In typhoid fever, if the pulse is floating and slippery, indicating heat in the exterior and cold in the interior, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) should be used.
(Floating indicates exterior location, slippery indicates interior location. Heat in the exterior means external heat; cold in the interior means pathogenic factors have transmitted inward. Since the pathogen has not entered the Fu organs, it is only stated...)
Baihu Tang Formula: Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 6 liang, bitter and cold), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 jin, crushed, pungent and cold), Zhigan (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, sweet and neutral), Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Germen, 6 he, sweet and neutral).
(The Neijing states: When heat is excessive, assist with bitter and sweet flavors. The bitter and sweet properties of Zhimu and Shigao dissipate heat. Heat injures Qi, and sweet flavors moderate it. Zhigan... take...)
In typhoid fever, with knotted and intermittent pulse and palpitations, Zhigancao Tang (Honey-Fried Licorice Decoction) should be used.
(The knotted and intermittent pulse stops during beating; if it resumes spontaneously, it is called a Knotted pulse (Jie Mai); if it cannot resume spontaneously, it is called an Intermittent pulse (Dai Mai). This is due to deficiency and decline of Blood and Qi, unable to continue...)
Zhigancao Tang Formula: Zhigan (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparatum, 4 liang, honey-fried, sweet and neutral), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma, 3 liang, sliced, pungent and warm), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 liang, peeled, pungent and hot), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 2 liang, sweet and... warm)
(half sheng, taste... sweet and neutral)
(Supplementation removes weakness; the sweet properties of Renshen, Zhigan, and Dazao supplement deficient Qi; the pungent properties of Guizhi and Shengjiang benefit righteous Qi. Shengji... sweet... residue. ...)
When the pulse feels slow upon pressure and occasionally stops before resuming, it is called a Knotted pulse. Additionally, when the pulse beats and stops, then returns faster, with a rebound in the middle, it is named...
(The knotted and intermittent pulses: one is caused by pathogenic stagnation, the other by deficiency of True Qi. When the pulse beats and stops, if it resumes spontaneously and returns faster, it is merely pathogenic... extreme.)