脉阴阳俱紧者。口中气出。唇口干燥。蜷卧足冷。鼻中涕出。舌上苔滑。勿妄治也。到
七日
使恶
(脉阴阳俱紧为表里客寒。寒为阴。得阳则解。口中气出。唇口干燥者。阳气渐复。正
气
方
之
得
难治。阳脉紧者。寒邪发于上焦。上焦主外也。阴脉紧者。寒邪发于下焦。下焦主内也。设
使恶寒者。上焦寒气胜。是必欲呕也。腹内痛者。下焦寒气胜。是必欲利也。)
脉阴阳俱紧。至于吐利。其脉独不解。紧去入安。此为欲解。若脉迟。至六七日不欲食。
此
(脉阴阳俱紧。为寒气甚于上下。至于吐利之后。紧脉不罢者。为其脉独不解。紧去则
入安
溢精
胃气
六七
病六七日。手足三部脉皆至。大烦。而口噤不能言。其人躁扰者。必欲解也。
(烦。热也。传经之时。病患身大烦。口噤不能言。内作躁扰。则阴阳争胜。若手足三
部脉
若脉和。其人大烦。目重。睑内际黄者。此为欲解也。
(脉经曰。病患两目 有黄色起者。其病方愈。病以脉为主。若目黄。大烦。脉不和者。
邪
脉浮而数。浮为风。数为虚。风为热。虚为寒。风虚相搏。则洒淅恶寒也。
(内经曰。有者为实。无者为虚。气并则无血。血并则无气。风则伤卫。数则无血。浮
数之
所以
脉浮而滑。浮为阳。滑为实。阳实相搏。其脉数疾。卫气失度。浮滑之脉数疾。发热汗
出者
(浮为邪气并于卫。而卫气胜。滑为邪气并于营。而营气实。邪气胜。实拥于营卫。则
营卫
行九
若不
伤寒咳逆上气。其脉散者死。谓其形损故也。
(千金方云。以喘嗽为咳逆。上气者。肺病散者心脉。是心火刑于肺金也。内经曰。心
之肺
脉象寸关尺三部阴阳皆紧的,口中呼出热气,嘴唇和口腔干燥,身体蜷缩而卧,双脚发冷,鼻中流清涕,舌面上有滑苔。此时不要胡乱治疗。等到第七天,如果患者出现怕冷的症状(注:此处原文断句及括号内容对应关系较复杂,根据《伤寒论》第283条逻辑,通常指“到七日,若恶寒者……”或类似转折,但依给定文本结构,括号内为注解)。
(脉象阴阳俱紧,表示表里都有寒邪客居。寒属于阴邪,遇到阳气就能解除。口中呼出热气、嘴唇口腔干燥,说明阳气逐渐恢复,正气难以完全驱除病邪,所以难治。阳脉紧,说明寒邪发于上焦,上焦主外;阴脉紧,说明寒邪发于下焦,下焦主内。假使患者怕冷,说明上焦寒气占优势,这必然想要呕吐。腹内疼痛,说明下焦寒气占优势,这必然想要腹泻。)
脉象寸关尺三部阴阳皆紧,发展到出现呕吐和腹泻,唯独脉象没有缓解。紧脉消失,人感到安宁,这是病情将要解除的表现。如果脉象迟缓,到了第六七天不想吃东西,(此句后接括号注解,但原文此处似乎缺失部分正文或注解不完整,依据常见医理推断,多指胃气未复或邪气未尽,但严格依文翻译如下):
(脉象阴阳俱紧,是因为寒气在上下二焦都很严重。到了呕吐腹泻之后,紧脉如果不消退,就是所谓的“脉独不解”。紧脉消退则人安适。)
疾病经过六七天,手、足三部的脉象都能触及且有力,患者极度烦躁,并且牙关紧闭不能说话,其人躁动不安的,这是病情将要解除的表现。
(烦躁,代表热。在传经的时候,病人身体极度烦躁,牙关紧闭不能说话,体内躁动不安,这是阴阳相互争胜。如果手足三部脉象调和,病人虽然极度烦躁,但眼睛沉重,眼睑内部呈现黄色,这是病情将要解除的表现。)
(《脉经》说:病人两眼有黄色浮现的,他的病快要痊愈了。治病以脉象为主,如果目黄、极度烦躁、脉象不和,则是邪气盛。)
脉象浮而数,浮脉主风,数脉主虚。风邪导致热,虚导致寒。风和虚相互搏结,就会出现战栗怕冷的症状。
(《内经》说:有的叫实,无的叫虚。气并聚则血少,血并聚则气少。风邪伤害卫气,数脉表示血少。浮数和滑的脉象……所以……)
脉象浮而滑,浮脉属阳,滑脉属实。阳和实相互搏结,脉象就会快速疾急,卫气失去常度。浮滑的脉象变得快速疾急,出现发热出汗的,(注:原文此处截断,通常指邪气外透或营卫不和等,依文意翻译如下):
(浮脉是邪气并入卫分,而卫气强盛;滑脉是邪气并入营分,而营气充实。邪气强盛,实邪壅塞在营卫之间,则……行九……若不……)
患伤寒咳嗽气逆上冲,如果脉象散乱无根,是死证,这是因为形体亏损的缘故。
When the pulse is tight in both yin and yang positions (Yin-Yang Ju Jin, indicating cold pathogen affecting both exterior and interior), there is warm breath exhaled from the mouth, dry lips and oral cavity, a curled-up posture with cold feet, runny nose, and a slippery coating on the tongue. Do not treat rashly. By the seventh day...
(Note: The pulse being tight in both yin and yang positions indicates cold pathogens invading both the interior and exterior. Cold is yin; it resolves when yang energy arrives. Warm breath and dry lips/mouth indicate that yang qi is gradually recovering, but the righteous qi struggles to fully expel the pathogen, making it difficult to treat. A tight pulse in the yang position indicates cold pathogen originating in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), which governs the exterior. A tight pulse in the yin position indicates cold pathogen originating in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner), which governs the interior. If the patient experiences aversion to cold, it signifies that cold qi prevails in the Upper Jiao, inevitably leading to nausea/vomiting. Abdominal pain signifies that cold qi prevails in the Lower Jiao, inevitably leading to diarrhea.)
When the pulse is tight in both yin and yang positions, progressing to vomiting and diarrhea, if the pulse remains unchanged (tight), it is described as "the pulse alone does not resolve." If the tightness disappears and the patient feels at ease, this indicates the disease is about to resolve. If the pulse is slow, and by the sixth or seventh day the patient has no desire to eat...
(Note: Tight pulse in yin and yang positions indicates severe cold in the upper and lower regions. After vomiting and diarrhea, if the tight pulse persists, it means "the pulse alone does not resolve." When the tightness vanishes, the patient becomes comfortable.)
After six or seven days of illness, if the pulses at the hand and foot three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi) are all palpable and vigorous, and the patient is extremely vexed, with locked jaws unable to speak, and restlessness, this indicates the disease is about to resolve.
(Vexation indicates heat. During the transmission of meridians, if the patient's body is extremely vexed, jaws locked unable to speak, and internal restlessness occurs, it represents the struggle between yin and yang. If the pulses at the hand and foot three positions are harmonious, and although the patient is extremely vexed, their eyes are heavy and the inner eyelids show yellow color, this indicates the disease is about to resolve.)
(The Mai Jing states: If yellow color appears in both eyes of the patient, the disease is nearing cure. Diagnosis relies primarily on the pulse. If there is yellowing of the eyes, extreme vexation, and an unharmonious pulse, it indicates excess pathogenic factors.)
A pulse that is floating and rapid: Floating indicates wind; rapid indicates deficiency. Wind generates heat; deficiency generates cold. The interplay of wind and deficiency leads to shivering and aversion to cold.
(The Nei Jing states: Presence constitutes excess (Shi); absence constitutes deficiency (Xu). Qi aggregation leads to blood deficiency; blood aggregation leads to qi deficiency. Wind injures the Wei Qi (Defensive Qi); a rapid pulse indicates blood deficiency. Floating and rapid/slippery pulses...)
A pulse that is floating and slippery: Floating belongs to Yang; slippery belongs to Excess. The interaction of Yang and Excess causes the pulse to become rapid and hurried, causing the Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) to lose its normal regulation. If the floating-slippery pulse becomes rapid and hurried, accompanied by fever and sweating...
(Floating indicates pathogenic factors merging into the Wei level, where Wei Qi is strong; slippery indicates pathogenic factors merging into the Ying level (Nutritive Level), where Ying Qi is abundant. Pathogenic factors prevail, and excess obstructs Ying and Wei...)
In cases of Shanghan (Cold Damage) with cough and rebellious Qi ascending, if the pulse is scattered (San), death ensues, because the physical form is depleted.
(The Qianjin Fang states: Coughing and wheezing constitute rebellious Qi; upward rushing Qi is a Lung disease. A scattered pulse reflects Heart pulse pathology, indicating Heart Fire insulting Lung Metal. The Nei Jing states: Heart... of the Lung...)