仲景曰∶伤寒一二日至四五日而厥者，必发热，前热者，后必厥。厥深者，热亦深。厥
微者，热亦微。厥应下之，而反发汗者，必口伤烂赤。凡厥者，阴阳气不相顺接便为厥。厥
者，手足逆冷是也。厥少热多，其病当愈。寒多热少，阳气退，其病为进也。
详此仲景之厥逆，颇与《内经》有异。盖以手足言之，在《内经》则有寒厥、热厥之分
；在仲景则单以逆冷者为厥。再以邪正言之，在《内经》则论在元气，故其变出百端，而在
气在血俱有危证；在仲景则论在邪气，故单据手足，而所畏者则在阴进而阳退也。观成无己
曰∶厥为阴之盛也，义可知矣。诸伤寒厥逆等证，俱详具伤寒门。
厥逆之证，危证也。盖厥者，尽也。逆者，乱也。即气血败乱之谓也，故《内经》特重
而详言之。如云卒厥、暴厥者，皆厥逆之总名也。如云寒厥、热厥者，分厥逆之阴阳也。
如云连经，连脏者，论厥逆之死生也。再若诸经脏腑之辨，亦既详矣。又近世犹有气厥、血
厥、痰厥、酒厥、脏厥、蛔厥等证，亦无非本之经义。观《内经》诸论已极明显，奈何后人
犹不能察？凡遇此证，则悉认之为中风，竟不知厥逆为何病，而通作风治，害孰甚焉！余深悲
之，故于前非风门悉力辨正。至于治此之法，即当以前非风证治互相参用，正所以治厥逆也
。其有未尽等证，仍列如后条。
张仲景说：伤寒病一二天到四五天出现四肢厥冷的，必定伴有发热，先前发热的，后来必然出现厥冷。厥冷严重的，热邪也深重；厥冷轻微的，热邪也轻微。厥证应当用攻下法治疗，如果反而使用发汗法，必然导致口腔损伤、红肿溃烂。凡是厥证，都是由于阴阳之气不能顺利交接所致。所谓厥，就是手足逆冷。厥冷多于发热，病情应当痊愈；寒冷（厥冷）多于发热，说明阳气衰退，病情正在进展。
仔细考察张仲景关于厥逆的论述，与《黄帝内经》有所不同。从手足的角度来说，在《黄帝内经》中有寒厥和热厥的区别；而在张仲景的著作中，仅以逆冷作为厥的标准。从邪正的角度来说，在《黄帝内经》中论述的是元气的问题，因此变化多端，无论是气还是血都有危重证候；而在张仲景那里，论述的是邪气，所以只依据手足的症状，所担忧的是阴气进逼而阳气退却。看成无己说：厥是阴气盛极的表现，其中的义理就可以知道了。各种伤寒厥逆等证候，都详细记载在伤寒门中。
厥逆这一证候，属于危重证候。盖“厥”意为尽，“逆”意为乱，即指气血败坏紊乱的意思，所以《黄帝内经》特别重视并详细论述它。比如所说的卒厥、暴厥，都是厥逆的总称。比如所说的寒厥、热厥，是区分厥逆的阴阳属性。比如所说的连经、连脏，是论述厥逆的预后生死。再至于各经络脏腑的辨析，也已经很详细了。另外近代还有气厥、血厥、痰厥、酒厥、脏厥、蛔厥等证候，也无非是依据经典医义而来。看《黄帝内经》的各种论述已经非常明白，为什么后人仍然不能察觉？凡是遇到这种证候，全都误认为是中风，竟然不知道厥逆是什么病，而一概按照中风治疗，危害哪有比这更大的呢！我对此深感悲痛，所以在前面的非风门中极力辨正。至于治疗此病的方法，就应当将前面非风证的治法互相参考运用，这正是治疗厥逆的方法。其中还有未详尽的证候，仍列举如下条文中。
Zhang Zhongjing stated: In the course of cold damage (Shanghan), if extremity coldness (Jue) occurs from the first or second day to the fourth or fifth day, it must be accompanied by fever. If there was fever previously, there will inevitably be extremity coldness later. The deeper the extremity coldness, the deeper the heat; the milder the extremity coldness, the milder the heat. Extremity coldness should be treated with purgation; if sweating is used in error, it will inevitably cause oral injury and redness/ulceration. All cases of Jue occur because Yin and Yang Qi fail to connect smoothly. Jue refers to coldness extending up to the hands and feet. If Jue predominates over heat, the disease should resolve; if cold predominates over heat, Yang Qi is retreating, and the disease is progressing.
Upon detailed examination, Zhang Zhongjing’s discussion of Jue Ni differs somewhat from that in the *Nei Jing* (Inner Canon). Speaking of the hands and feet, the *Nei Jing* distinguishes between Cold Jue and Heat Jue; whereas Zhang Zhongjing defines Jue solely by the presence of coldness. Speaking of pathogenic factors versus healthy Qi, the *Nei Jing* discusses issues rooted in Yuan Qi (Primal Qi), leading to myriad variations where critical conditions can arise in both Qi and Blood; whereas Zhang Zhongjing focuses on pathogenic factors, relying only on symptoms in the hands and feet, with the primary concern being the advance of Yin and the retreat of Yang. Cheng Wuji observed: "Jue represents the flourishing of Yin," which clarifies its meaning. Various syndromes such as cold damage and Jue Ni are detailed in the section on Cold Damage.
The syndrome of Jue Ni is a critical condition. "Jue" means exhaustion; "Ni" means disorder. It refers to the collapse and chaos of Qi and Blood, which is why the *Nei Jing* places great emphasis on it and discusses it in detail. For instance, Cu Jue (Sudden Jue) and Bao Jue (Violent Jue) are general terms for Jue Ni. Cold Jue and Heat Jue distinguish the Yin-Yang nature of Jue Ni. "Connecting to meridians" and "connecting to zang-organs" discuss the prognosis of life and death in Jue Ni. Furthermore, the differentiation among various meridians and zang-fu organs has already been discussed in detail. Additionally, in more recent times, there have been syndromes such as Qi Jue, Blood Jue, Phlegm Jue, Wine Jue, Zang Jue, and Ascariasis Jue, all of which are based on classical principles. The discussions in the *Nei Jing* are extremely clear; why is it that later generations still fail to perceive this? Whenever encountering such syndromes, they are all mistaken for Wind Stroke (Zhong Feng), without knowing what Jue Ni actually is, and are universally treated as wind disorders. What harm could be greater than this? I deeply lament this, which is why I vigorously corrected these errors in the preceding section on Non-Wind Disorders. As for the treatment methods for this condition, one should refer mutually to the treatments for Non-Wind Syndromes mentioned earlier; this is precisely how Jue Ni should be treated. Other syndromes not fully covered here are listed in the following articles.