一、寒厥热厥之治∶凡寒厥者，必四肢清凉，脉沉微不数，或虽数而无力，或畏寒喜热
，引衣自覆，或下痢清谷，形证多惺惺。虽此类皆属寒证，然似热非热之证犹多。故凡以手
足见厥而脉证俱无实热者，悉寒厥之无疑也。
热厥者，必先多热证，脉沉滑而数，畏热喜冷，扬手掉足，或烦躁不宁，大便秘赤，形
证多昏冒。凡治此二者，即当以非风门治寒治热之法主之。至若伤寒厥证，其阴其阳，亦
当以此法为辨。但伤寒之厥，辨在邪气，故寒厥宜温，热厥可攻也。《内经》之厥，重在
元气，故热厥当补阴，寒厥当补阳也。二者之治，不可不察。
一、气厥之证有二，以气虚、气实皆能厥也。气虚卒倒者，必其形气索然，色清白，身
微冷，脉微弱，此气脱证也。宜参、 、归、术、地黄、枸杞、大补元煎之属。甚者，以回
阳饮、独参汤之类主之。气实而厥者，其形气愤然勃然，脉沉弦而滑，胸膈喘满，此气逆证
也。经曰∶大怒则形气绝，而血菀于上，即此类也。治宜以排气饮，或四磨饮，或八味顺气
散、苏合香丸之类，先顺其气。然后随其虚实而调理之。又若因怒伤气逆，气旋去而真气受
损者，气本不实也；再若素多忧郁恐畏，而气怯气陷者，其虚尤可知也，若以此类而用行气
开滞等剂则误矣。
一、血厥之证有二，以血脱、血逆皆能厥也。血脱者，如大崩大吐，或产血尽脱，则气
亦随之而脱，故致卒仆暴死。宜先掐人中或烧醋炭，以收其气，急用人参一二两煎汤灌之，
但使气不尽脱，必渐苏矣。然后因其寒热，徐为调理，此所谓血脱益气也。若不知此，而但
用血分等药，则几微之气，忽尔散失，阴无所主，无生机矣。其或有用寒凉以止血者，必致
败绝阳气，适足以速其死耳。血逆者，即经所云血之与气并走于上之谓，又曰∶大怒则形气
绝而血菀于上之类也。夫血因气逆，必须先理其气，气行则血无不行也。宜通瘀煎，或化肝
煎之类主之，俟血行气舒，然后随证调理。
一、痰厥之证，凡一时痰涎壅塞，气闭昏愦，药食俱不能通，必先宜或吐或开以治其标
，此不得不先救其急也。但觉痰气稍开，盒饭治其病本。如因火生痰者，宜清之降之；因风
寒生痰者，宜散之温之；因湿生痰者，宜燥之利之；因脾虚生痰者，自宜补脾；因肾虚生痰
者，自宜补肾，此痰之不必治也。但治其所以痰而痰自清矣。然犹有不可治痰者，恐愈攻愈
虚，而痰必愈甚也。诸治痰法，见前非风门治痰条中。
一、酒厥之证，即经所云热厥之属也。又经云∶酒风者，亦此类也。凡纵饮无节之人，
多有此病，方其气血正盛，力能胜之，不知酒害之何有，及其将衰，则酒之侮人，斯可畏耳
。酒病极多，莫知所出，其为酒厥，则全似中风。轻者犹自知人，重者卒尔运倒，忽然昏愦
，或躁烦，或不语，或痰涎如涌，或气喘发热，或咳嗽，或吐血，但察其大便干燥，脉实喜
冷者，此湿热上壅之证，宜以抽薪饮之类，疾降其火；火之甚者，仍以梨浆饮、绿豆饮之属
，更迭进之，以解其毒。此证大忌辛燥等物，务使湿热渐退，神气稍复，然后用补阴等剂，
以善其后。其有大便不实，或无火证，而脉见缓弱者，则不宜清火，但以二陈汤、六君子汤
或金水六君煎之类主之。若因酒伤阴，以致脾肾两虚而为厥脱者，非速救本源终无济也。凡
患此者，宜终身忌酒。勿使沾唇可也。若不知戒，再犯必难为矣。
一、色厥之证有二∶一曰暴脱，一曰动血也。凡色厥之暴脱者，必以其人本虚，偶因奇
遇，而悉力勉为者有之。或因相慕日久，而纵竭情欲者亦有之。故于事后则气随精去，而暴
脱不返。宜急掐人中，仍令阴人搂定，用口相对，务使暖气嘘通，以接其气，勿令放脱，以
保其神，随速用独参汤灌之。或速灸气海数十壮，以复阳气，庶可挽回。第以临时慌张，焉
知料理，故每致不救。然此以即病者言，所见诚不多也。其有不即病而病此者则甚多也，又
何以言之？以其精去于频，而气脱于渐。故每于房欲二三日之后，方见此证。第因其病不在
即，故不以此为病。兼之人多讳此，而不知中年之后，多有因此而病者，是皆所谓色厥也。
奈时师不能察，而每以中风毙之耳。凡治此者，单宜培补命门，或水或火，当以非风门治法
第三条者主之。又色厥之动血者，以其血气并走于上，亦血厥之属也。但与大怒血逆者不同
，而治法亦有所异。盖此因欲火上炎，故血随气上，必其情欲动极而欲不能遂者有之。或借
曲以强遏郁火者亦有之。其证则忽尔暴吐，或鼻衄不能禁止，或厥逆，或汗出，或气
喘，或咳嗽，此皆以阴火上冲而然。凡治此者，必先制火以抑其势，宜清化饮、四阴煎或加
减一阴煎之类主之。其有阴竭于下，火不归源，别无烦热脉证，而血厥不止垂危者，非镇阴
煎必不能救。待其势定，然后因证酌治之。
一、脏厥、蛔厥二证，皆伤寒证也，并见伤寒门。
一、寒厥与热厥的治疗：凡是寒厥患者，必然四肢冰凉，脉象沉微且不快，或者虽然脉搏快但无力，或者怕冷喜欢温暖，拉过衣物覆盖身体，或者下利清谷（排出未消化的食物），症状表现大多清醒。虽然这些都属于寒证，但类似热证而非真热的情况还有很多。因此，凡是见到手足厥冷且脉象和症状都没有实热表现的，毫无疑问都是寒厥。
热厥患者，必然先有多处热证表现，脉象沉滑而数，怕热喜冷，扬手踢脚，或者烦躁不安，大便秘结且小便赤黄，症状表现大多昏沉冒昧。治疗这两种厥证，应当以“非风门”中治疗寒证和治疗热证的方法为主。至于伤寒病中的厥证，无论是阴证还是阳证，也应当用这种方法来辨别。但是伤寒的厥证，关键在于辨别邪气，所以寒厥适宜温补，热厥可以攻下。《内经》中的厥证，重在元气，所以热厥应当滋阴，寒厥应当补阳。这两种治疗方法，不可不仔细考察。
二、气厥这种病症有两种情况，气虚和气实都能导致厥证。气虚突然昏倒者，必然形体气息衰败，面色苍白或青白，身体微微发冷，脉象微弱，这是气脱证。适宜用人参、[此处原文缺字，通常指黄芪或白术等补气药，依上下文推测为补气类]、当归、白术、地黄、枸杞、大补元煎之类的方剂。严重的，用回阳饮、独参汤之类的主治。气实导致的厥证，其人气势愤怒勃发，脉象沉弦而滑，胸膈部喘满，这是气逆证。经书说：“大怒则形气绝，而血菀于上”，就是这类情况。治疗适宜用排气饮，或者四磨饮，或者八味顺气散、苏合香丸之类，先顺理其气。然后根据其虚实情况进行调理。另外，如果因为愤怒导致气逆，气机散去后真气受损，气本就不充实；再如果平素多忧郁恐惧，导致气怯气陷，其虚损更是明显，如果用行气开滞等药剂就会出错。
三、血厥这种病症也有两种，血脱和血逆都能导致厥证。血脱者，如大出血或剧烈呕吐，或者产后失血过多，那么气也会随之脱失，导致突然仆倒暴死。适宜先掐人中穴或用醋炭熏烧，以收敛其气，紧急使用一两人参煎汤灌服，只要使气不完全脱失，必然会逐渐苏醒。然后根据患者的寒热情况，慢慢进行调理，这就是所谓的“血脱益气”。如果不知道这一点，只用补血等药物，那么微弱的阳气会忽然散失，阴液失去主宰，就没有生机了。那些有用寒凉药止血的，必然导致阳气败绝，恰恰足以加速死亡。血逆者，就是经书所说的“血与气并走于上”，又说：“大怒则形气绝而血菀于上”这类情况。因为血随气逆，必须先调理气机，气行则血无不行。适宜用通瘀煎，或者化肝煎之类的主治，等到血行气舒后，再根据症状调理。
四、痰厥这种病症，凡是暂时痰涎壅塞，气闭昏愦，药食都不能通过，必然适宜先用催吐或开窍的方法来治标，这是不得不先急救其急症。但只要觉得痰气稍微通畅，就应当治疗疾病的根本。如果是因火生痰，适宜清热降火；因风寒生痰，适宜发散温散；因湿生痰，适宜燥湿利水；因脾虚生痰，自然适宜补脾；因肾虚生痰，自然适宜补肾，这就是不必直接治痰的道理。只要治疗产生痰的原因，痰自然清除。然而还有不能直接治痰的情况，恐怕越攻伐越虚弱，而痰必定更严重。各种治痰方法，见前文“非风门”治痰条中。
五、酒厥这种病症，就是经书所说的属于热厥一类。经书又说：“酒风”也是这一类。凡是放纵饮酒没有节制的人，多有此病，当其气血正盛时，体力能胜任，不知道酒有什么害处，等到体质将衰退时，酒的侵害人，这才可怕。酒病极多，不知从何说起，如果是酒厥，则完全像中风。轻者还能认得人，重者突然晕倒，忽然昏愦，或者躁烦，或者不说话，或者痰涎涌出，或者气喘发热，或者咳嗽，或者吐血，只要观察其大便干燥，脉实喜冷，这是湿热上壅的证候，适宜用抽薪饮之类，迅速降火；火邪严重的，仍然用梨浆饮、绿豆饮之类，交替服用，以解其毒。此证最忌辛燥等物，务必使湿热逐渐消退，神气稍复，然后用补阴等药剂，以善后。如果有大便不成形，或者没有火证，而脉象缓弱的，就不宜清火，仅用二陈汤、六君子汤或金水六君煎之类主治。如果因酒伤阴，导致脾肾两虚而为厥脱，不迅速救本源终究没有帮助。凡是患此病的人，应当终身忌酒。不要沾嘴唇即可。如果不知道戒除，再犯就很难救治了。
六、色厥这种病症有两种：一是暴脱，一是动血。凡是色厥的暴脱，必然是其人本来虚弱，偶尔因奇遇，而尽力勉力为之的情况有之。或者因为相互爱慕日久，而纵情竭欲的情况也有之。所以在事后气随精去，而暴脱不能恢复。适宜紧急掐人中，仍让女性抱住，口对口相对，务必使暖气嘘通，以接续其气，不要让气放脱，以保全其神，随即速用独参汤灌服。或者速灸气海穴数十壮，以恢复阳气，才可以挽回。只是由于临时慌张，哪里知道料理，所以每每导致无法救治。然而这是针对即时发病而言，见到的确实不多。那些不是即时发病而得此病的则很多，为什么这样说？因为精气频繁耗损，而气是逐渐脱失的。所以每每在房事两三天之后，才见此证。只因为病不在即时，所以不把它当作病。加上人多忌讳此事，而不知道中年之后，多有因此得病的人，这都是所谓的色厥。无奈当时的医生不能察辨，而每每将其误诊为中风致死。凡是治疗此病，单宜培补命门，或补水或补火，应当以“非风门”治疗方法的第三条为主治。另外色厥的动血，是因为血气并走于上，也属于血厥一类。但与大怒血逆不同，治疗方法也有所差异。大概这是因为欲火上炎，所以血随气上，必然有情欲动极而不能遂愿的情况有之。或者借酒力强行遏制郁火的情况也有之。其症状则是忽然暴吐，或者鼻衄不能禁止，或者厥逆，或者出汗，或者气喘，或者咳嗽，这都是因为阴火上冲所致。凡是治疗此病，必须先制火以抑制其势头，适宜用清化饮、四阴煎或加减一阴煎之类主治。其中有阴竭于下，火不归源，别无烦热脉证，而血厥不止垂危的，不用镇阴煎一定不能救。等到势头稳定后，再根据症状斟酌治疗。
1. Treatment of Cold Jue and Heat Jue: In cases of Cold Jue (cold extremities), the limbs are invariably cold, the pulse is deep, thready, and not rapid, or if rapid, it lacks force; the patient may fear cold and prefer warmth, pull clothes to cover themselves, suffer from diarrhea with undigested food, and generally appear alert. Although these all belong to cold syndromes, there are many cases that resemble heat but are not true heat. Therefore, whenever extremities are cold and the pulse and symptoms show no signs of excess heat, it is undoubtedly Cold Jue.
In cases of Heat Jue, there are initially multiple heat symptoms: the pulse is deep, slippery, and rapid; the patient fears heat and prefers cold, waves hands and kicks feet, suffers from restlessness and irritability, has constipation and dark urine, and generally appears dazed or confused. To treat these two types, one should primarily adopt the methods for treating cold and heat syndromes as outlined in the "Non-Stroke Section" (Fei Feng Men). Regarding Jue syndromes in Shanghan (Cold Damage) disease, whether Yin or Yang, they should also be differentiated using this method. However, Jue in Shanghan focuses on differentiating the pathogenic factor; thus, Cold Jue is suitable for warming, while Heat Jue can be treated with purgation. The Jue described in the *Neijing* emphasizes Yuan Qi (Original Qi); therefore, Heat Jue requires nourishing Yin, and Cold Jue requires tonifying Yang. The treatments for these two must be carefully distinguished.
2. There are two types of Qi Jue (Qi-induced fainting): both Qi deficiency and Qi excess can cause Jue. In sudden collapse due to Qi deficiency, the patient’s form and Qi appear depleted, complexion is pale or bluish-white, the body is slightly cold, and the pulse is weak; this is a Qi Collapse syndrome. It is appropriate to use herbs such as Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), [text missing, likely Huangqi or Baizhu], Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Gouqi (Lycii Fructus), and formulas like Dabu Yuan Jian (Great Tonification of the Origin Decoction). For severe cases, Huiyang Yin (Decoction to Return Yang) or Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction) should be used. In Jue caused by Qi excess, the patient’s Qi appears angry and vigorous, the pulse is deep, wiry, and slippery, with chest and diaphragm fullness and wheezing; this is a Qi Rebellion syndrome. The classics state: "Great anger causes the form and Qi to sever, and blood stagnates above," which belongs to this category. Treatment should prioritize smoothing Qi using Paqi Yin (Decoction to Expel Qi), Simo Yin (Four-Monk Decoction), Bawei Shunqi San (Eight-Spice Qi-Smoothing Powder), or Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill). After Qi is smoothed, regulation should follow based on deficiency or excess. Furthermore, if anger causes Qi rebellion and subsequent damage to True Qi, the Qi is inherently deficient; similarly, if one is prone to depression and fear, leading to timid and sinking Qi, the deficiency is even more evident. Using Qi-moving and stagnation-resolving agents in such cases would be an error.
3. There are two types of Xue Jue (Blood-induced fainting): Blood depletion and Blood rebellion can both cause Jue. In Blood depletion, such as massive hemorrhage or severe vomiting, or excessive blood loss after childbirth, Qi follows and depletes, causing sudden collapse and apparent death. One should first pinch the Renzhong acupoint or burn vinegar-soaked charcoal to consolidate Qi, then urgently administer a decoction of 50–100g of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). As long as Qi does not completely dissipate, consciousness will gradually return. Subsequently, regulate gently according to cold or heat patterns. This is known as "tonifying Qi in cases of Blood depletion." If one fails to recognize this and uses only blood-nourishing medicines, the faint trace of Qi will scatter, Yin will lose its master, and life will cease. Those who use cold-cooling herbs to stop bleeding will inevitably destroy Yang Qi, accelerating death. Blood rebellion refers to the classic description of "blood and Qi rushing upward together," or "great anger causing Qi to sever and blood to stagnate above." Since blood follows Qi rebellion, Qi must be regulated first; once Qi moves, blood will flow. Use Tongyu Jian (Decoction to Unblock Stasis) or Huagan Jian (Decoction to Transform Liver Fire) to resolve stasis. Once blood flows and Qi relaxes, regulate according to symptoms.
4. Tan Jue (Phlegm-induced fainting) occurs when phlegm-saliva suddenly obstructs the airway, causing Qi blockage, unconsciousness, and inability to take medicine or food. One must first treat the branch (symptom) by inducing vomiting or opening the orifices to address the emergency. Once phlegm and Qi are slightly cleared, treat the root cause. If phlegm is generated by fire, clear and descend it; if by wind-cold, disperse and warm it; if by dampness, dry and drain it; if by Spleen deficiency, tonify the Spleen; if by Kidney deficiency, tonify the Kidney. Thus, direct treatment of phlegm is unnecessary; treating the cause clears the phlegm naturally. However, some cases cannot tolerate aggressive phlegm-resolving methods, as attacking further weakens the patient and worsens phlegm. Various phlegm-treatment methods are detailed in the "Phlegm Section" of the "Non-Stroke Chapter."
5. Jiu Jue (Alcohol-induced fainting) belongs to the category of Heat Jue mentioned in the classics. The classics also refer to "Jiu Feng" (Wind from Alcohol) as similar. People who drink without restraint often suffer from this. When their Qi and Blood are strong, they can withstand alcohol and perceive no harm; but as vitality declines, the damaging effects of alcohol become terrifying. Alcohol diseases are numerous, but Jiu Jue resembles stroke. Mild cases retain awareness; severe cases involve sudden collapse, unconsciousness, irritability, muteness, profuse phlegm, wheezing, fever, cough, or hematemesis. If the stool is dry, the pulse is excess-type, and the patient prefers cold, it is a syndrome of Damp-Heat obstructing upwards. Use Chouxin Yin (Decoction to Draw Out the Firewood) to rapidly reduce fire. For severe fire, alternate Lijiang Yin (Pear Juice Decoction) and Ludou Yin (Mung Bean Decoction) to detoxify. This syndrome strictly prohibits pungent-drying substances. Ensure damp-heat recedes and Shen Qi (Spiritual Qi) recovers slightly before using Yin-tonifying agents for recovery. If the stool is loose, there are no fire signs, and the pulse is slow and weak, do not clear fire; instead, use Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction), Liujunzi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction), or Jinshui Liujun Jian (Metal-Water Six-Gentlemen Decoction). If alcohol damages Yin, leading to dual deficiency of Spleen and Kidney and resulting in Jue collapse, urgent rescue of the root source is essential. Patients must abstain from alcohol for life. Failure to heed this warning makes recurrence difficult to treat.
6. Se Jue (Sexual Activity-induced fainting) has two types: sudden collapse and blood movement. Sudden collapse in Se Jue occurs in individuals with inherent deficiency who exert themselves excessively during sexual activity or indulge in prolonged desire. Post-coitally, Qi departs with Essence, leading to irreversible collapse. Urgently pinch Renzhong, have the partner hold the patient, and use mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to transmit warm breath and reconnect Qi, preserving the Spirit. Immediately administer Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction) or moxibustion on Qihai (CV6) dozens of times to restore Yang Qi. Due to panic at the moment, proper care is often neglected, leading to death. This describes immediate onset; delayed onset is more common. Frequent essence loss leads to gradual Qi depletion. Symptoms often appear 2–3 days after intercourse. Because it is not immediate, it is often ignored. Many hide this fact, yet middle-aged individuals frequently fall ill due to it. Unskilled physicians often misdiagnose this as stroke, leading to death. Treatment should focus on tonifying Mingmen (Gate of Life), either by nourishing Water or Fire, following the third method in the "Non-Stroke Section." The second type, blood movement in Se Jue, involves Qi and Blood rushing upward, belonging to Xue Jue. Unlike blood rebellion from anger, this is caused by Desire Fire flaring up, forcing blood upward. It occurs when desire is intense but unfulfilled, or when alcohol is used to suppress suppressed fire. Symptoms include sudden hematemesis, uncontrollable epistaxis, Jue, sweating, wheezing, or cough, all due to Deficient Fire rushing upward. Treat by suppressing fire using Qinghua Yin (Clearing Transformation Decoction), Siyin Jian (Four-Yin Decoction), or Jiayi Yiyin Jian (Modified Single-Yin Decoction). In cases of Yin exhaustion below, Fire failing to return to its source, without heat signs, but with persistent critical blood Jue, Zhenyin Jian (Settling Yin Decoction) is indispensable. Stabilize the condition first, then treat according to symptoms.
7. Zang Jue (Viscera Jue) and Hui Jue (Roundworm Jue) are both Shanghan syndromes; see the "Shanghan Section."