石斛（百四一）此药有二种，力皆微薄，圆细而肉实者，味微甘而淡，其力尤薄。《本
草》云∶圆细者为上。且谓其益精强阴，壮筋补虚，健脚膝，驱冷痹，却惊悸，定心志。但此物性
味最薄，焉能滋补如此？惟是扁大而松，形如钗股者，颇有苦味，用除脾胃之火，去 杂善饥，及
营中蕴热。其性轻清和缓，有从容分解之妙，故能退火养阴除烦，清肺下气，亦止消渴热汗。而诸
家谓其浓肠胃，健阳道，暖水脏，岂苦凉之性味所能也？不可不辨。
菖蒲（百四二）味辛微苦，性温。散风寒湿痹，除烦闷咳逆上气，止心腹痛，霍乱转筋，癫痫
客忤，开心气胃气，行滞气，通九窍，益心智，明耳目，去头风泪下，出声音，温肠胃，暖丈夫水
脏，妇人血海，禁止小便，辟邪逐鬼，及中恶卒死，杀虫，疗恶疮瘙疥。欲散痈毒，宜捣汁服用，
渣贴之。若治耳痛，宜作末炒热绢裹 之。亦解巴豆、大戟等毒。
蒲黄（百四三）味微甘，性微寒。解心腹膀胱烦热疼痛，利小便。善止典凉血活血，消瘀血，治
吐血衄血，痢血尿血。通妇人经脉，止崩中带下，月经不调，妊妇胎漏坠胎，血运血症，儿枕气痛，
及跌扑血闷。疗疮疡，消舌肿，排脓消毒。亦下乳汁，亦止泄精。凡欲利者，宜生用；欲固者，宜
炒熟用。泽泻（百四四（味甘淡微咸，气微寒。气味颇浓，沉而降，阴也，阴中微阳。入足太阳、少阳。
其功长于渗水去湿，故能行痰饮，止呕吐泻痢，通淋沥白浊，大利小便，泻伏火，收阴汗，止尿血，
疗难产疝痛，香港脚肿胀，引药下行。经云∶除湿止渴圣药，通淋利水仙丹。第其性降而利，善耗真
阴，久服能损目痿阳。若湿热壅闭
而目不明者，此以去湿，故亦能明目。
海藻（百四五反甘草）海带、昆布性用略同。味若咸，性微寒，阴也，降也。善降气清热，消
膈中痰壅，故善消颈项瘿瘤结核，及痈肿症积，利小便，逐水气，治湿热气急，腹中上下雷鸣，疗
偏坠疝气疼痛，消奔豚水气浮肿，及百邪鬼魅热毒。
骨碎补（百四六）味微苦，性温平，乃足少阴、厥阴肝肾药也。能活血止血，补折伤，疗骨中
斜毒，风热疼痛，及痢后下虚。或远行，或房劳，或外感风湿，以致两足痿弱疼痛，俱宜以四斤丸、
补阴药之类佐而用之。成炒熟研末，用猪腰夹煨，空心食之，能治耳鸣，及肾虚久痢牙疼。
石斛（编号百四一）这种药有两种，药效都很微弱。其中圆细且肉质坚实的，味道微甘而淡，其效力尤其薄弱。《本草》记载说：圆细的是上品。并且认为它能益精强阴、壮筋补虚、健脚膝、驱除冷痹、消除惊悸、安定心志。但是此物性味最淡薄，怎么能滋补到如此程度呢？只有那些扁大且疏松、形状像发钗股一样的，带有较明显的苦味，用于清除脾胃之火，去除杂症引起的善饥（容易饥饿），以及营分中的蕴热。它的性质轻清和缓，有从容分解的妙处，所以能退火养阴除烦，清肺降气，也能止消渴和多汗。然而各家都说它能厚肠胃、健阳道、暖水脏，这难道是苦凉性味所能做到的吗？不可不加以辨别。
菖蒲（编号百四二）味道辛微苦，性温。能散风寒湿痹，消除烦闷、咳逆上气，停止心腹痛、霍乱转筋、癫痫客忤，开心气胃气，行滞气，通九窍，益心智，明耳目，去头风泪下，出声音，温肠胃，暖丈夫水脏，妇人血海，禁止小便，辟邪逐鬼，以及中恶卒死，杀虫，疗恶疮瘙疥。想要消散痈毒，适宜捣汁服用，药渣外贴。如果治疗耳痛，适宜研末炒热后用绢包裹敷之。也能解巴豆、大戟等毒。
蒲黄（编号百四三）味道微甘，性微寒。能解除心腹膀胱烦热疼痛，利小便。善于止血凉血活血，消瘀血，治疗吐血、衄血、痢血、尿血。通调妇人经脉，止崩中带下，月经不调，孕妇胎漏坠胎，血运血症，儿枕气痛，以及跌扑血闷。治疗疮疡，消舌肿，排脓消毒。也能下乳汁，也能止泄精。凡是想要利尿的，适宜生用；想要固涩的，适宜炒熟用。
泽泻（编号百四四）味甘淡微咸，气微寒。气味颇浓，沉降，属阴，阴中微含阳。入足太阳、少阳经。它的功效长于渗水去湿，所以能行痰饮，止呕吐泻痢，通淋沥白浊，大利小便，泻伏火，收阴汗，止尿血，疗难产疝痛，香港脚肿胀，引药下行。经书说：它是除湿止渴的圣药，通淋利水的仙丹。只是它的性质降而利，容易耗损真阴，久服能损目痿阳。如果是湿热壅闭导致眼睛不明，这是通过去湿，所以也能明目。
海藻（编号百四五，反甘草）海带、昆布的性用大致相同。味道若咸，性微寒，属阴，主降。善于降气清热，消膈中痰壅，所以善于消除颈项瘿瘤结核，以及痈肿症积，利小便，逐水气，治疗湿热气急，腹中上下雷鸣，疗偏坠疝气疼痛，消奔豚水气浮肿，以及百邪鬼魅热毒。
骨碎补（编号百四六）味道微苦，性温平，是足少阴、厥阴肝肾的药。能活血止血，补折伤，疗骨中斜毒，风热疼痛，以及痢后下虚。或者远行，或者房劳，或者外感风湿，以致两足痿弱疼痛，都适宜以四斤丸、补阴药之类辅助使用。将其炒熟研末，用猪腰夹煨，空腹食用，能治疗耳鸣，以及肾虚久痢牙疼。
Dendrobii Caulis (Shihu, 石斛) [Item 141]: This medicine has two varieties, both with weak efficacy. The round, slender ones with solid flesh have a slightly sweet and bland taste, and their efficacy is particularly thin. *Bencao* states that the round and slender ones are superior. It is also said to benefit essence and strengthen yin, fortify tendons and supplement deficiency, strengthen the feet and knees, dispel cold-bi, alleviate palpitations due to fright, and stabilize the mind. However, since this substance has the thinnest nature and taste, how can it nourish and tonify to such an extent? Only those that are flat, large, loose, and shaped like hairpin shafts possess a distinct bitter taste; they are used to clear fire in the spleen and stomach, eliminate miscellaneous conditions causing excessive hunger, and resolve heat trapped in the Ying (Nutritive) level. Its nature is light, clear, mild, and slow, possessing the subtlety of gentle resolution; thus, it can reduce fire, nourish yin, relieve irritability, clear the lungs and direct qi downward, and also stop thirst with sweating. Yet, various authorities claim it thickens the intestines and stomach, strengthens the yang pathway, and warms the water organ (kidneys/bladder). Can these effects be achieved by its bitter and cool nature and taste? This must not fail to be distinguished.
Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (Changpu, 石菖蒲) [Item 142]: Taste is pungent and slightly bitter; nature is warm. It disperses wind-cold-damp bi, eliminates irritability, cough, and rebellious qi, stops heart and abdominal pain, cholera with tendon contraction, epilepsy, and alien invasion (ke-wu), opens heart and stomach qi, moves stagnant qi, unblocks the nine orifices, benefits mental intelligence, clarifies ears and eyes, removes head wind with tearing, restores voice, warms the spleen and stomach, warms the water organ in men and the blood sea in women, controls urination, wards off evil spirits, treats sudden death from evil influence, kills parasites, and treats malignant sores and scabies. To dissipate carbuncle toxicity, it is suitable to crush and take the juice, applying the dregs externally. For treating ear pain, it is suitable to grind into powder, stir-fry until hot, wrap in silk, and apply. It also resolves the toxicity of Croton seed (Badou) and Euphorbia (Daji).
Typhae Pollen (Puhuang, 蒲黄) [Item 143]: Taste is slightly sweet; nature is slightly cold. It resolves irritability, heat, pain in the heart, abdomen, and bladder, and promotes urination. It is good at stopping bleeding, cooling blood, and invigorating blood, eliminating blood stasis, and treating hematemesis, epistaxis, bloody dysentery, and hematuria. It regulates the menstruation channels in women, stops metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, irregular menstruation, fetal leakage and threatened abortion in pregnant women, blood syncope and blood disorders, uterine mass pain, and trauma with blood stagnation. It treats sores and ulcers, reduces tongue swelling, discharges pus, and detoxifies. It also promotes lactation and stops seminal emission. For promoting diuresis, raw use is appropriate; for astringency, roasted use is appropriate.
Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie, 泽泻) [Item 144]: Taste is sweet, bland, and slightly salty; qi is slightly cold. The aroma and taste are quite strong; it sinks and descends, belonging to yin, with slight yang within yin. It enters the Foot-Taiyang and Foot-Shaoyang meridians. Its merit lies primarily in percolating water and removing dampness; thus, it can move phlegm-fluids, stop vomiting, diarrhea, and dysentery, unblock strangury with white turbidity, greatly promote urination, drain latent fire, collect yin sweat, stop hematuria, treat difficult labor and hernia pain, Hong Kong foot (gouty arthritis) swelling, and guide medicines downward. The Classics state: "It is the holy medicine for removing dampness and stopping thirst, the immortal pill for unblocking strangury and promoting urination." However, its nature is descending and draining, easily consuming true yin; long-term use can damage vision and cause impotence. If eye clarity is lost due to damp-heat congestion and closure, this method removes dampness, so it can also clarify the eyes.
Sargassum (Haizao, 海藻) [Item 145, antagonistic to Licorice]: Kelp (Haidai) and Laminaria (Kunbu) have similar properties and uses. Taste is salty; nature is slightly cold, belonging to yin, and descending. It is good at descending qi and clearing heat, resolving phlegm congestion in the chest and diaphragm; thus, it is excellent for eliminating goiter, nodules, and tumors on the neck, as well as carbuncles, masses, and accumulations. It promotes urination, drives out water qi, treats damp-heat with rapid breathing, rumbling in the upper and lower abdomen, treats unilateral testicular hernia pain, dissipates奔豚 (running piglet) water qi and edema, and addresses various evils, ghostly魅 (malevolent influences), and heat toxins.
Drynariae Rhizoma (Gusuibu, 骨碎补) [Item 146]: Taste is slightly bitter; nature is warm and neutral. It is a herb for the Foot-Shaoyin and Foot-Jueyin liver and kidney meridians. It can invigorate blood and stop bleeding, supplement fractures and injuries, treat oblique toxins in the bones, wind-heat pain, and deficiency below after dysentery. Whether due to long travel, sexual exhaustion, or external contraction of wind-dampness leading to weakness and pain in both legs, it is appropriate to use auxiliary formulas such as Sijin Wan (Four Jin Pill) or yin-nourishing medicines. When roasted, ground into powder, and stewed between pork kidneys, taken on an empty stomach, it can treat tinnitus, chronic dysentery due to kidney deficiency, and toothache.