苦辛温，无毒。入肝经药，醋炒。入心脾药，面裹煨熟。入四物汤调
经，羊血或鸡血拌炒。
发明 蓬莪术入肝破血，治妇人血气结积痛，痰癖冷气，跌扑损痛，下血及内损恶血，
通肝经聚血，盖此药专破气中之血也。按∶蓬 诚为磨积之药，但虚人得之，积不去，而真
已竭，更可虞也。须得参、术健运、补中寓泻，乃得力耳。
苦平，无毒。生荆楚地故名荆三棱。真者绝少，今世所用皆草三棱也。醋炒用
之。
发明 三棱肝经气分药也。能破血中之气，散血结，通肝经积血，主寒癖结块，破产后
恶血、血结腹痛，通月水，堕胎，以其力峻，故难久服。有人病症瘕腹胀，用三棱、莪术，
酒煨煎服，下一黑物如鱼而愈。按∶洁古云，三棱能泻真气，虚者勿用。东垣破积诸方，皆
与人参赞助，如专用克削，脾胃愈虚，不能营运，其积亢逆益甚矣。
即莎草根
辛微苦甘平，无毒。产金华，光细者佳。入血分补虚，童便浸炒。调
气盐水浸炒。行经络酒浸炒。消积聚醋浸炒。气血不调，胸膈不利，则四者兼制。肥盛多痰
，姜汁浸炒。止崩漏，童便制炒黑。走表药中则生用之。
发明 香附之气平而不寒，香而能窜，乃足厥阴肝、手少阳三焦气分主药。兼入冲脉，
开郁气，消痰食，散风寒，行血气，止诸痛。月候不调，胎产崩漏，多怒多忧者之要药。治
两胁气妨，心忪少气，是血中之气药也。盖血不自行，随气而行，气逆而郁则血亦凝滞；气
顺则血亦随之而和畅矣。生则上行胸膈，外达皮毛，故能散风寒。熟则下走肝肾，外彻腰足
，故能调血气。得参、术则益气，得归、地则调血，得木香则流滞和中，得沉香则升降诸气
，得芎 、苍术则总解诸郁，得山栀、黄连则降火清热，得茯苓则交心肾，得茴香、补骨脂
则引气归元，得浓朴、半夏则决壅消胀，得紫苏、葱白则解邪气，得三棱、莪术则消磨积块
，得艾叶则治血气，暖子宫。乃气病之总司，女科之主帅也。惟经水先期而淡，及失气无声
、无臭者勿用。血气本虚，更与利气，则行之愈速矣。
【蓬莪术】味苦、辛，性温，无毒。入肝经药时，用醋炒；入心脾经药时，用面粉包裹煨熟。用于四物汤（由当归、川芎、白芍、熟地黄组成的方剂）调理月经时，用羊血或鸡血拌炒。
发明：蓬莪术入肝经以破血，治疗妇女血气结积疼痛、痰癖冷气、跌打损伤疼痛、下血及体内瘀血阻滞。它能疏通肝经积聚之血，因为此药专门破除气分中的瘀血。按语：蓬莪术确实是消磨积滞的药物，但体虚之人服用它，积滞未去而真元已竭，更令人担忧。必须配合人参、白术等健运脾胃、在补益中寓含泻实作用的药物，才能发挥效力。
【荆三棱】味苦平，无毒。因产于荆楚之地而得名荆三棱。真正的荆三棱极少见，现今所用多为草三棱。用时醋炒。
发明：三棱是入肝经气分的药物。能破除血分中的气滞，消散血结，疏通肝经积血，主治寒邪引起的癖块结聚，以及产后恶露不尽、血结腹痛，通调月经，堕胎。因其药力峻猛，故不宜久服。有人患瘕胀满病症，使用三棱、莪术，酒煨后煎服，排出如鱼状的黑物而痊愈。按语：洁古说，三棱能泻损真气，体虚者勿用。东垣的破除积滞诸方，都配伍人参辅助，如果专用克削攻伐之品，脾胃会更虚弱，不能运化，其积滞亢逆之势会更加严重。
【香附】即莎草根。味辛、微苦、甘，性平，无毒。产于金华，光亮细长者为佳。入血分补虚时，用童便浸炒；调气时用盐水浸炒；行经络时用酒浸炒；消积聚时用醋浸炒。若气血不调、胸膈不利，则四种炮制方法兼用。形体肥胖多痰者，用姜汁浸炒。止崩漏时，用童便制炒至黑色。作为走表药使用时生用。
发明：香附之气平和不寒，香气浓郁且能窜透，是足厥阴肝经和手少阳三焦经气分的主药。兼入冲脉，能开郁气，消痰食，散风寒，行血气，止各种疼痛。是治疗月经不调、胎产崩漏、多怒多忧者的要药。治疗两胁气机阻碍、心悸少气，它是血中之气药。盖因血不能自行，随气而行，气逆而郁则血亦凝滞；气顺则血也随之和畅。生用时上行胸膈，外达皮毛，故能散风寒。熟用时下走肝肾，外彻腰足，故能调血气。得人参、白术则益气，得当归、地黄则调血，得木香则流通滞气和中焦，得沉香则升降诸气，得川芎、苍术则总解诸郁，得山栀、黄连则降火清热，得茯苓则交通心肾，得茴香、补骨脂则引气归元，得厚朴、半夏则决壅消胀，得紫苏、葱白则解邪气，得三棱、莪术则消磨积块，得艾叶则治血气，暖子宫。乃是气病的主帅，妇科的统帅。惟独经水先期而至且色淡，以及失气无声、无臭者勿用。血气本虚，再用利气药，则运行更快（耗散更甚）。
[Peng Ezhu] Bitter, pungent, warm, non-toxic. For entering the Liver channel, stir-fry with vinegar; for entering the Heart and Spleen channels, wrap in flour and roast until cooked. When used in Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) to regulate menstruation, stir-fry mixed with sheep blood or chicken blood.
Invention: Peng Ezhu enters the Liver channel to break blood stasis, treating women's pain from blood and qi accumulation, phlegm-rheum cold qi, traumatic injuries, lower bleeding, and internal damage from evil blood. It unblocks accumulated blood in the Liver channel, as this drug specifically breaks blood stasis within the qi aspect. Note: Peng Ezhu is indeed a drug that grinds down accumulations, but for deficient individuals, using it may fail to remove the accumulation while depleting the true essence, which is even more alarming. It must be combined with drugs like Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) to strengthen transportation and transformation, embedding purgation within tonification, to be effective.
[Jing Sanleng] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Named Jing Sanleng because it grows in the Jingchu region. Genuine Jing Sanleng is extremely rare; what is used today is mostly Cao Sanleng (Herba Sparganii). Use after stir-frying with vinegar.
Invention: Sanleng is a drug entering the qi aspect of the Liver channel. It can break qi stagnation within blood stasis, dissipate blood knots, and unblock accumulated blood in the Liver channel. It treats cold rheum nodules, postpartum evil blood, blood-knot abdominal pain, regulates menstruation, and induces abortion. Due to its potent force, it should not be taken for long periods. A person suffering from abdominal distension due to mass accumulation used Sanleng and Ezhu, roasted in wine and decocted, and passed a black substance resembling a fish, after which they recovered. Note: Jiegu stated that Sanleng can drain true qi, so it should not be used by those who are deficient. In Dongyuan's formulas for breaking accumulations, Renshen (Ginseng Root) is always paired to assist; if only harsh draining drugs are used, the Spleen and Stomach will become more deficient, unable to transport and transform, causing the accumulation to become even more rebellious.
[Xiangfu] Also known as Cyperi Rhizoma. Pungent, slightly bitter, sweet, neutral, non-toxic. Produced in Jinhua; those that are bright and slender are superior. To enter the blood aspect and tonify deficiency, soak and stir-fry with child's urine. To regulate qi, soak and stir-fry with salt water. To move meridians, soak and stir-fry with wine. To eliminate accumulations, soak and stir-fry with vinegar. If qi and blood are disordered with chest and diaphragm discomfort, all four preparation methods are combined. For those who are obese with much phlegm, soak and stir-fry with ginger juice. To stop metrorrhagia, prepare with child's urine until charred black. When used as a surface-releasing drug, use raw.
Invention: Xiangfu has a neutral nature without being cold, is fragrant and penetrating, serving as the chief drug for the qi aspect of the Foot-Jueyin Liver Channel and Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao Channel. It also enters the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel), opens stagnant qi, eliminates phlegm and food retention, disperses wind-cold, moves blood and qi, and stops various pains. It is an essential drug for regulating menstruation, managing metrorrhagia during pregnancy and childbirth, and treating those prone to anger and worry. It treats hypochondriac qi obstruction, palpitations, and shortness of breath; it is a qi-moving drug within the blood. Blood cannot move on its own but follows qi; when qi rebels and stagnates, blood also coagulates; when qi flows smoothly, blood becomes harmonious and free-flowing. When raw, it ascends to the chest and diaphragm and reaches the skin and hair externally, thus dispersing wind-cold. When processed, it descends to the Liver and Kidneys and reaches the waist and feet externally, thus regulating blood and qi. Combined with Renshen (Ginseng Root) and Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), it tonifies qi; combined with Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) and Dihuang (Rehmannia Root), it regulates blood; combined with Muxiang (Vladimiria Root), it circulates stagnation and harmonizes the middle; combined with Chenxiang (Aquilaria Wood), it regulates the ascending and descending of all qi; combined with Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome) and Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), it resolves all types of stagnation; combined with Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit) and Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), it descends fire and clears heat; combined with Fuling (Poria), it communicates between the Heart and Kidney; combined with Huixiang (Fennel Fruit) and Buguzhi (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit), it guides qi back to its origin; combined with Houpo (Magnolia Bark) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), it resolves obstruction and reduces distension; combined with Zisu (Perilla Leaf) and Congbai (Scallion White), it releases pathogenic factors; combined with Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma) and Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), it grinds down mass accumulations; combined with Aiyе (Mugwort Leaf), it treats blood and qi and warms the uterus. It is the commander of qi disorders and the general of gynecology. However, it should not be used for early menstruation with pale flow, or for flatulence that is silent and odorless. If blood and qi are originally deficient, using qi-draining drugs will cause them to flow too rapidly (depleting further).