辛热，无毒。根热有毒。
发明 茉莉花古方罕用。近世白痢药中用之，取其芳香散陈气也。其根性热有大毒，以
酒磨一寸，服即昏迷，一日乃醒，服二三寸二三日醒。惟接骨脱臼用以敷之，则不知痛也。
辛温，无毒。
发明 芳香之气，皆可辟臭。去邪恶气、鬼魅邪精，天行时气，并宜烧之。水煮洗水肿
浮气，与生姜、芥子煎汤，浴风疟效。
辛微温，无毒。广产者良，但叶甚少。土人每以排草叶伪充，最难辨别。须于茎
上择取色绿，未经霉坏者方效。
发明 藿香入手足太阴。芳香之气助脾醒胃，故能止呕逆，开胃进食。温中快气，去瘴
气，止霍乱，治心腹痛。凡时行疫疠，山岚瘴疟，用此醒脾健胃，则邪气自无容而愈矣。但
阴虚火旺，胃虚作呕，内无留滞者不可用。恐反伤正气，引邪内入。江浙土产者伐胃消食，
其茎能耗气，用者审之。
即零陵香
甘平，无毒。广产者良。云阳产者气浊，不堪入药。
发明 薰香辛散上达，故心痛恶气，齿痛、鼻塞皆用之。单用治鼻中息肉、鼻 ，
香以养鼻也。多服作喘，为能耗散真气也。
辛温，无毒。菜部移此。濒湖《纲目》芳草部有兰草，菜部有兰香，名曰罗勒，
种类不同，因考正之。按∶兰有三种∶一种曰兰草，其气浓浊，即今之有头草也。一种曰兰
香，植之庭砌，二十步内即闻香，俗名香草，以子能去目翳，故又名翳子草。一种名罗勒，
茎叶较兰香稍粗大，形虽极类，而气荤浊，以嫩时可食，仅入菜部，不堪入药。
《本经》利水道，杀虫毒，辟不祥。久服益气，轻身不老，通神明。
发明 兰气芳香，能辟疫毒恶气。楚人以之为佩。又能辟汗湿之气，故又名辟汗香。入
手足太阴、阳明，力能调中消食，去恶气，治 呕。脾瘅口中时时溢出甜水者，非此不除。
按∶兰性芳香辛温，专走气道，故能利水调肝和脾，其功倍于藿香。善调呕逆，散积久陈郁
之气。《素问》云∶五味入口藏于胃，以行其津气，津液在脾，令人口甘，此肥美所发也。
其气上溢，转为消渴，治之以兰除陈气也。东垣治消渴生津，饮用兰叶，盖本于此。又治牙
痛、口臭，有神功丸亦用兰香。云∶如无，以藿香代之。近世误认以幽兰为兰香者，大可喷
饭。观《本经》利水，杀虫毒，辟不祥之治，岂幽兰能之乎。古方治疠风，兰香散取其散肺
胃中之湿热、虫毒也。《普济方》治反胃，兰香和甘蔗汁服之。钱氏治小儿鼻疳、赤烂，兰
叶烧灰二钱、铜绿半钱、轻粉二钱，为末，日敷三次即愈。子治目翳及尘物入目，以三五颗
内目中，少顷其子湿胀与物俱出。又主暴得赤眼，后生翳膜，用兰香子一粒入 内，闭目少
顷连膜俱出。盖此子得湿即胀，故能染惹眵泪浮膜尔，然目中不可着一尘，而此可内三五颗
亦不妨碍。又小儿食肥甘口臭齿黑，名曰崩砂。渐至龈烂，名曰溃槽。又或出血，名曰息露
。重则齿落名曰腐根。用兰香子末、轻粉各一钱，密陀僧 赤，醋淬，研末，半两和匀，每
以少许敷齿及龈上，内服甘露饮立效。时珍曰∶兰香须三月枣叶生时种之乃生，否则不生。
常以鱼腥水、泥沟水、冷泥水浇之则香而茂，不宜粪水，着粪则萎。其子大如蚤而褐色不光
，七月收之，种时妨蚁，湿则有脂浮胀，须以桴炭末掩之。
【茉莉花】
味辛、性热，无毒。其根部性热且有大毒。
发明：茉莉花在古方中很少使用。近代在治疗白痢的药物中会用到它，是取其芳香之气来消散陈积的邪气。它的根部性质大热且有剧毒，用酒磨取一寸长的根服用，人会立即昏迷，一天后才能醒来；如果服用二三寸，则需要两三天才能苏醒。只有在接骨或治疗关节脱臼时用于外敷，才能起到止痛的作用。
【兰香】
味辛、性温，无毒。
发明：具有芳香气味的事物，都可以驱除臭秽之气。去除邪恶之气、鬼魅邪精以及天行时气（流行性传染病），都适宜焚烧这种植物。用水煮后清洗可以消除水肿和浮气；与生姜、芥子一起煎汤洗澡，对风疟（一种疟疾）疗效显著。
味辛、微温，无毒。以广产者为佳，但叶子很少。当地人常用排草叶伪充，最难辨别。必须从茎上选取颜色翠绿、未经霉坏的部分才有效。
发明：藿香归入手经和足太阴脾经。其芳香之气能助脾醒胃，所以能止住呕吐逆气，开胃增进食欲。它能温暖中焦、舒畅气机，去除瘴气，治疗霍乱，缓解心腹疼痛。凡是时行疫病、山岚瘴疟，使用此药醒脾健胃，那么邪气自然没有容身之地而痊愈。但是，阴虚火旺、胃虚作呕、体内没有积滞的人不可使用。恐怕反而会损伤正气，引邪气入内。江浙地区土产的藿香会伐伤胃气、消耗食物消化能力，其茎部能耗散真气，使用者需仔细审察。
即零陵香
味甘、性平，无毒。以广产者为佳。据说阳产者气味浑浊，不堪入药。
发明：薰香气味辛散且向上通达，所以心痛、恶气、齿痛、鼻塞等都使用它。单用它可以治疗鼻中息肉、鼻渊（鼻窦炎），是用香气来滋养鼻子。多服会导致气喘，因为会耗散人体的真气。
味辛、温，无毒。原属菜部，现移至此。李时珍《本草纲目》芳草部有兰草，菜部有兰香，名为罗勒，种类不同，因此考证纠正。按：兰有三种：一种叫兰草，气味浓浊，就是现在的有头草。一种叫兰香，种植在庭院台阶旁，二十步内就能闻到香味，俗名香草，因为它的种子能去除眼翳，所以又名翳子草。一种名叫罗勒，茎叶比兰香稍粗大，形状虽然极相似，但气味荤浊，嫩时可以食用，仅列入菜部，不堪入药。
《神农本草经》记载：利水道，杀虫毒，辟不祥。久服益气，轻身不老，通神明。
发明：兰香气味芳香，能辟除疫毒和恶气。楚国人把它佩戴在身上。又能辟除汗湿之气，所以又名辟汗香。归入手足太阴、阳明经，力量能调和脾胃、消食，去除恶气，治疗呕吐。患有脾瘅（一种因脾热导致的疾病），口中时时溢出甜水的人，非用此药不能清除。
按：兰的性质芳香辛温，专走气道，所以能利水、调肝和脾，功效比藿香加倍。善于调理呕吐逆气，散发积久陈郁的气机。《素问》说：五味入口藏于胃，以运行津液和气机，津液在脾，使人嘴里发甜，这是由肥甘厚味引发的。气机上溢，转化为消渴病，治疗时用兰草来去除陈积的邪气。李东垣治疗消渴生津，饮用兰叶，大概依据于此。又治疗牙痛、口臭，有神功丸也使用兰香。书中说：如果没有兰香，可以用藿香代替。近代人误认幽兰为兰香，实在令人喷饭。看《本经》记载的利水、杀虫毒、辟不祥的功效，难道幽兰能做到吗？古方治疗疠风（麻风病），兰香散是取其散发肺胃中的湿热和虫毒。《普济方》治疗反胃，用兰香和甘蔗汁服用。钱乙治疗小儿鼻疳、红肿溃烂，用兰叶烧灰二钱、铜绿半钱、轻粉二钱，研成粉末，每天敷三次即可痊愈。我的儿子治疗眼翳及尘物入眼，用三五颗种子放入眼中，片刻后种子吸水膨胀，带着异物一起排出。又主治突然得的赤眼，后来生出翳膜，用一粒兰香子放入眼中，闭目片刻，连同翳膜一起排出。这是因为这种种子遇湿就会膨胀，所以能沾染并带出眵泪和浮膜，然而眼中不可有一粒灰尘，而这里放入三五颗种子也无妨。另外，小儿吃肥甘厚味导致口臭、牙齿发黑，名叫崩砂。逐渐发展到牙龈腐烂，名叫溃槽。或者出血，名叫息露。严重则牙齿脱落，名叫腐根。用兰香子末、轻粉各一钱，密陀僧煅红后用醋淬炼，研成粉末，半两混合均匀，每次取少许敷在牙齿及牙龈上，内服甘露饮，立见成效。李时珍说：兰香必须在三月枣树长叶的时候种植才能发芽，否则不生。经常用鱼腥水、泥沟水、冷泥水浇灌，它就会香气浓郁且茂盛，不宜用粪水，沾上粪水就会枯萎。它的种子像跳蚤大小，褐色且不光亮，七月采收。种植时要防备蚂蚁，潮湿时种子会有油脂浮起膨胀，需要用炭末掩盖。
[Mosla Chinesis (Jasmine Herb)]
Pungent and hot in nature, non-toxic. The root is hot and highly toxic.
Invention: Mosla chinesis was rarely used in ancient prescriptions. In recent times, it has been used in remedies for white dysentery, taking advantage of its aromatic property to dissipate stale pathogenic qi. Its root is extremely hot and highly toxic; grinding one cun of the root with wine and ingesting it causes immediate coma, with recovery after one day; ingesting two or three cun requires two to three days for recovery. It is only used externally for setting bones and treating dislocations to induce analgesia.
[Elsholtzia splendens (Lanxiang / Patchouli-like Herb)]
Pungent and warm in nature, non-toxic.
Invention: Aromatic substances can all repel foul odors. To expel evil qi, demonic influences, and epidemic seasonal pathogens (Tianxing Shiqi), burning this herb is appropriate. Boiling it in water and washing with the decoction reduces edema and floating qi; bathing with a decoction prepared with fresh ginger (Shengjiang) and mustard seed (Jiezi) is effective for wind-malaria (Feng Nue).
Pungent and slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Those produced in Guangdong are superior, but the leaves are scarce. Locals often counterfeit it with leaves of *Houttuynia cordata* (Paicao), making it difficult to distinguish. Only those selected from the stem, green in color and free from mildew, are effective.
Invention: Elsholtzia enters the Hand and Foot Taiyin meridians. Its aromatic aroma assists the spleen and awakens the stomach, thus stopping vomiting and regurgitation, opening the appetite, and promoting food intake. It warms the middle jiao, promotes the smooth flow of qi, eliminates miasma, treats cholera-like syndrome (Huoluan), and relieves heart and abdominal pain. For seasonal epidemics and mountain malarial fevers, using this herb to awaken the spleen and strengthen the stomach ensures that pathogenic qi has no place to reside and the disease resolves. However, it should not be used in cases of yin deficiency with hyperactive fire, stomach deficiency causing vomiting, or when there is no internal stagnation, as it may damage healthy qi and draw pathogens inward. Local varieties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang damage the stomach and impair digestion; its stems consume vital qi, so users must exercise caution.
Also known as Lingling Fragrance (Lingling Xiang)
Sweet and neutral in nature, non-toxic. Those produced in Guangdong are superior. Those from Yang are said to have turbid qi and are unsuitable for medicinal use.
Invention: The pungent and dispersing nature of incense herbs ascends and reaches upward, so they are used for heart pain, foul qi, toothache, and nasal congestion. Used alone, it treats nasal polyps and rhinorrhea (Bi Yuan), nourishing the nose with its fragrance. Overconsumption leads to asthma because it dissipates true qi.
Pungent and warm in nature, non-toxic. Transferred from the Vegetable Section. Li Shizhen's *Bencao Gangmu* lists Lancao in the Fragrant Grass Section and Lanxiang in the Vegetable Section, named Luo Le, noting they are different species, which has been corrected here. According to records: There are three types of "Lan": One is called Lancao, with a strong and turbid odor, which is the current You Tou Cao. One is called Lanxiang, planted in courtyards where its fragrance is detectable within twenty paces; commonly known as Xiangcao, it is also named Yizi Cao because its seeds can remove corneal opacities. One is named Luo Le, with stems and leaves slightly thicker and larger than Lanxiang; although similar in shape, its odor is pungent and turbid. It is edible when tender and listed only in the Vegetable Section, unsuitable for medicinal use.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* states: Promotes urination, kills parasites and toxins, wards off misfortune. Long-term use tonifies qi, lightens the body, prevents aging, and clarifies the spirit.
Invention: The aromatic scent of Lan can ward off epidemic toxins and evil qi. People in Chu wore it as an amulet. It also repels dampness from sweat, hence the name Bi Han Xiang. It enters the Hand and Foot Taiyin and Yangming meridians, effectively harmonizing the middle jiao, aiding digestion, removing foul qi, and treating vomiting. For Pi Dan syndrome (spleen heat syndrome) characterized by the constant overflow of sweet fluid in the mouth, only this herb can clear it.
Note: Lan is aromatic, pungent, and warm, specifically acting on the qi mechanism; thus, it promotes urination, regulates the liver, and harmonizes the spleen, with effects double that of Huoxiang. It excels at regulating vomiting and regurgitation, and dissipating long-standing stagnant qi. *Suwen* states: "The five flavors enter the mouth and store in the stomach to circulate their fluids and qi. Fluids in the spleen cause sweetness in the mouth, originating from rich and fatty foods. When this qi overflows upward, it transforms into Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome); treatment involves using Lan to remove stale qi." Li Dongyuan’s treatment of Xiao Ke to generate fluids involved drinking Lan leaf decoction, based on this principle. It is also used for toothache and bad breath; Shen Gong Wan includes Lanxiang. The text notes: "If unavailable, Huoxiang may substitute." Modern people mistakenly identify Youlan (Orchid) as Lanxiang, which is absurd. Given the *Bencao Jing*'s description of benefits like promoting urination, killing toxins, and warding off misfortune, could Orchid achieve these? Ancient formulas for Leprosy (Lifeng) used Lanxiang San to dissipate damp-heat and parasites in the lung and stomach. *Puji Fang* treats retrograde vomiting by administering Lanxiang mixed with sugarcane juice. Qian Yi treated pediatric nasal gan (ulceration) and redness/rot with Lan leaf ash (2 qian), cuprum sulfatum (0.5 qian), and mercury chloride (2 qian), powdered and applied three times daily for cure. My son treated corneal opacity and foreign bodies in the eye by placing 3-5 seeds in the eye; shortly after, the seeds swelled with moisture and expelled the object along with them. It also treats acute red eyes followed by membrane formation; inserting one Lanxiang seed into the eye and closing it briefly expels the membrane. This is because the seed expands upon contact with moisture, attracting discharge and membranes. Although no dust should enter the eye, placing 3-5 seeds here is harmless. Additionally, for children whose consumption of rich/fatty foods causes bad breath and blackened teeth (Bengsha), progressing to gum rot (Kui Cao) or bleeding (Xi Lu), and severe cases of tooth loss (Fu Gen), a mixture of Lanxiang seed powder and mercury chloride (1 qian each), calcined lead monoxide (Miduoseng) roasted red and quenched in vinegar, powdered and mixed with half liang of the above, applied sparingly to teeth and gums, combined with oral administration of Ganlu Yin, yields immediate results. Li Shizhen stated: Lanxiang must be sown in March when jujube leaves emerge to germinate; otherwise, it will not grow. Watering frequently with fishy-smelling water, ditch water, or cold mud water makes it fragrant and lush; manure water should be avoided as it causes wilting. Its seeds are flea-sized, brown, and dull, harvested in July. Ants must be guarded against during planting; when wet, the seeds exude oily substances and swell, requiring covering with charcoal powder.