辛苦大温，有毒。
《本经》主心下邪气寒热，温中逐寒湿痹，去三虫，久服轻身。
发明 食茱萸与吴茱萸性味相类，功用仿佛。而《本经》之文向来错简在山茱萸条内。
详其主心下寒热，即孟诜治心腹冷痛之谓。温中逐寒湿痹，即中恶去脏腑冷之谓。去三虫即
脏气疗蛊毒飞尸之谓。虽常食之品，辛香助阳，能辟浊阴之滞，故有轻身之喻。以上主治，
岂山茱萸能之乎？其治带下冷痢，暖胃燥湿，水气浮肿用之，功同吴茱萸而力稍逊。多食动
目火，目痛者忌之。
苦甘微寒，无毒。服荜 、威灵仙、土茯苓忌之。
《本经》主 疮，利小便，去痰热止渴。令人少睡，有力悦志。
发明 茗乃茶之粗者，味苦而寒，最能降火消痰，开郁利气，下行之功最速。《本经》
主疮，利小便，去痰热之患。然过饮即令人少寐，以其气清也。消食止渴，无出其右。合
醋治伤暑泄利。同姜治滞下赤白。兼香豉、葱白、生姜治时疫气发热头痛。一味浓煎治风痰
。茶之产处最多，惟阳羡者谓之真茶。凡茶皆能降火，清头目。其陈年者曰腊茶，以其经冬
过腊，故以命名。佐刘寄奴治便血最效。产徽者曰松萝，专于化食。产浙绍者曰日铸，专于
清火。产闽者曰建茶，专于辟瘴。产六合者曰苦丁，专于止痢。产滇南者名曰普洱茶，则兼
消食辟瘴止痢之功。蒙山者，世所罕有，近世每采石苔代充，误人殊甚。其余杂茶，皆苦寒
伐胃，胃虚血弱之人有嗜茶成癖者，久而伤精，血不华，色黄瘁痿弱，呕逆洞泄，种种皆伤
茶之害。而侵晨啜茗，每伤肾气。酒后嗜茶，多成茶癖。又新茶饮之令人声音不清，其能郁
遏火邪也。至于精气寒滑，触之易泄者勿食，宜以沙菀蒺藜点汤代之。茶子味苦气肃，善于
降火，专治头中鸣响，天白蚁之病。江右人每以打油，味最清香，浸油沐发最佳。取茶子饼
煮汁浇花，以辟盆中之蚯蚓。煎汤涤衣垢则不退颜色。总取其质之轻清而不沾滞也。
【食茱萸】
味辛苦，性大温，有毒。
《神农本草经》记载其主治心下部位的邪气及寒热症状，能温中焦、驱除寒湿痹阻，去除体内寄生虫，长期服用可使身体轻健。
【发明】食茱萸与吴茱萸的性味相似，功效也相近。但《本经》中的这段文字历来被错误地错简在山茱萸条目之内。
详细分析其主治“心下寒热”，即孟诜所言治疗心腹冷痛的意思；“温中逐寒湿痹”，即治疗中恶（突然感受秽浊之气）导致脏腑寒冷意思；“去三虫”即治疗脏气蛊毒和飞尸蛊毒的意思。虽然它是日常食用的物品，但其辛香之性能助长阳气，能够辟除浊阴之气的阻滞，所以有“轻身”的说法。以上这些主治功效，难道是山茱萸所能做到的吗？它用于治疗带下病、冷痢，暖胃燥湿，以及水气浮肿时，功效同吴茱萸但力量稍弱。多吃会引发目火，眼睛疼痛的人忌用。
【茗（茶）】
味苦甘，性微寒，无毒。服用时忌食荜茇、威灵仙、土茯苓。
《神农本草经》记载其主治疮疡，通利小便，去除痰热并止渴。使人睡眠减少，增加体力，愉悦情志。
【发明】茗是茶的粗老者，味道苦而性寒，最能降火消痰，开通郁结、利顺气机，其下行的功效最快。《本经》记载其主治疮疡，通利小便，去除痰热之患。然而过量饮用会导致人少睡，因为其气清轻的缘故。在消食止渴方面，没有比它更好的了。配合醋可以治疗伤暑引起的泄泻。配合生姜可以治疗痢疾赤白相间。兼配香豉、葱白、生姜可以治疗时疫气引起的发热头痛。单用一味浓煎可以治疗风痰。茶的产地很多，只有阳羡产的称为真茶。凡是茶都能降火，清利头目。陈年的茶称为腊茶，因为它经过冬天和腊月，所以以此命名。配合刘寄奴治疗便血效果最好。安徽产的称为松萝，专门用于化食。浙江绍兴产的称为日铸，专门用于清火。福建产的称为建茶，专门用于辟除瘴气。六合产的称为苦丁，专门用于止痢。云南南部产的称为普洱茶，兼具消食、辟瘴、止痢的功效。蒙山产的极为罕见，近代常有人采集石苔冒充，误导人非常严重。其余杂茶，都是苦寒之品损伤胃气，胃虚血弱的人如果有嗜茶成癖的习惯，久而久之会损伤精气，血液不能荣华于面，面色黄瘦憔悴痿弱，出现呕吐逆气、洞泄等症状，种种情况都是饮茶带来的危害。而且清晨喝茶，容易损伤肾气。酒后嗜茶，多形成茶癖。另外，新茶饮用后使人声音不清爽，这是因为它能郁遏火邪的缘故。至于精气寒滑、触碰容易泄泻的人不要食用，宜用沙苑蒺藜煮汤代替。茶子味苦气肃杀，善于降火，专门治疗头部鸣响、天白蚁病。江西人常用它来榨油，味道最清香，浸油洗头最佳。取茶子饼煮汁浇花，可以辟除盆中的蚯蚓。煎汤洗涤衣物污垢则不会褪去颜色。总之是利用其质地轻清而不沾滞的特性。
[Shizhuyu (Cornus officinalis fruit / Dogwood Fruit)]
Pungent and bitter, greatly warm, toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states it governs evil qi and cold-heat conditions in the epigastrium, warms the middle jiao to expel cold-damp bi obstruction, eliminates three types of parasites, and long-term consumption leads to a light body.
[Invention/Commentary] Shizhuyu is similar in nature and flavor to Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit), and their functions are comparable. However, the text from the *Bencao Jing* has historically been misplaced within the entry for Shanzhuyu (Cornus Officinalis Fruit).
Detailed analysis shows that governing "cold-heat in the epigastrium" refers to Meng Shen's description of treating cold pain in the heart and abdomen; "warming the middle to expel cold-damp bi" refers to treating Zhong'e (sudden affliction by foul pathogens) causing coldness in the zang-fu organs; "eliminating three parasites" refers to treating Zangqi Gu Du (visceral parasite poison) and Feishi Gu Du (flying corpse parasite poison). Although it is a common food item, its pungent and aromatic nature aids yang qi and can dispel the stagnation of turbid yin, hence the metaphor of "lightening the body." Can Shanzhuyu achieve these aforementioned therapeutic effects? When used to treat leukorrhea and cold dysentery, to warm the stomach and dry dampness, and for edema due to water qi, its efficacy is similar to Wuzhuyu but slightly weaker. Excessive consumption induces eye fire; those with eye pain should avoid it.
[Ming (Tea)]
Bitter and sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic. Avoid consuming with Biba (Schisandra Fructus / Bitter Pepper - *Note: Contextually likely referring to Piper longum or similar acrid herbs, often translated as Long Pepper or Schisandra depending on specific lineage, here Biba usually refers to Bibajiao*), Weilingxian (Clematis Root), and Tufuling (Smilax Glabra Rhizome).
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states it governs sores and ulcers, promotes urination, eliminates phlegm-heat, and stops thirst. It causes reduced sleep, increases strength, and pleases the mind.
[Invention/Commentary] Ming is the coarse variety of tea. Its bitter and cold nature makes it most effective at descending fire and resolving phlegm, opening depression and promoting qi circulation, with the fastest downward-moving action. The *Bencao Jing* records it governing sores, promoting urination, and eliminating phlegm-heat disorders. However, excessive drinking leads to insomnia because its qi is clear and light. In terms of digesting food and stopping thirst, nothing surpasses it. Combined with vinegar, it treats diarrhea caused by summerheat injury. Combined with ginger, it treats dysentery with red and white discharge. Combined with Xiangchi (Prepared Soybean), scallion white, and fresh ginger, it treats fever and headache caused by epidemic qi. Used alone in strong decoction, it treats wind-phlegm. There are many tea-producing regions; only that from Yangxian is called true tea. All teas can descend fire and clear the head and eyes. Aged tea is called Lacha (Winter Tea) because it passes through winter and the twelfth lunar month. Combined with Liu Jinu (Artemisia Annua Herb / Sweet Wormwood), it is most effective for treating hematochezia. Tea from Anhui is called Songluo, specialized in digesting food. Tea from Shaoxing, Zhejiang, is called Rinzhu, specialized in clearing fire. Tea from Fujian is called Jiancha, specialized in dispelling miasma. Tea from Liuhe is called Kuding, specialized in stopping dysentery. Tea from southern Yunnan is called Pu'er Tea, possessing combined functions of digesting food, dispelling miasma, and stopping dysentery. Tea from Mengshan is rare in the world; in recent times, people often use moss from rocks to substitute it, misleading people severely. Other miscellaneous teas are bitter and cold, damaging stomach qi. People with weak stomach qi and blood deficiency who develop an addiction to tea will, over time, damage their essence. Blood fails to nourish the complexion, leading to sallow, emaciated, and weak appearance, vomiting, retching, and profuse diarrhea; all these are harms caused by tea. Drinking tea early in the morning often damages kidney qi. Craving tea after alcohol consumption often leads to tea addiction. Furthermore, new tea causes unclear voice because it can suppress and obstruct fire pathogenic factors. Those with cold and slippery essence/qi, prone to easy leakage upon contact, should not consume it; instead, they should use Shyuan Jili (Astragalus Complanatus Seed / Barbary Wolfberry Seed) decocted as soup as a substitute. Tea seeds are bitter and have a stern qi, good at descending fire, and specifically treat tinnitus/head ringing and Tianbaiyi disease (a type of parasitic infection or condition). People in Jiangxi often use them for oil pressing; the taste is very fragrant, and oil-infused hair washing is best. Boiling tea seed cakes and using the juice to water flowers repels earthworms in pots. Decocting soup to wash clothes removes dirt without fading colors. This is entirely due to taking advantage of its light, clear quality that does not stick or stagnate.