辛温无毒。
发明 时珍曰，荜澄茄海南诸番皆有之，与胡椒一类两种，正如大腹之与槟榔耳。
日向阴生者为澄茄，向阳生者为胡椒。主治与胡椒相类，而热性稍逊。治反胃吐出黑汁，诸
药不效，用此一味为丸，姜汤服之。痘疮入目，为末以少许吹鼻中三五次效。鼻塞不通，用
此半两，同薄荷叶三钱、荆芥穗二钱半蜜丸，芡实大，时时含咽之。但阴虚血分有热、发热
咳嗽禁用。
辛苦温，小毒。拣去闭口者，否则令人躁闷。拣净以滚汤泡七次，去其浊气则
清香扶胃，而无辛燥之患也。
《本经》温中下气止痛，除湿血痹，逐风邪，开腠理，咳逆寒热。
发明 吴茱萸气味俱浓，阳中之阴，其性好上者以其辛也。又善降逆气者以味浓也，辛
散燥热，而燥入肝行脾。《本经》主温中下气止痛，咳逆寒热，专取辛温散邪之力。又言除
湿血痹，逐风邪，开腠理者，以风寒湿痹，靡不由脾胃而入，辛温开发表里宣通，而无拒闭
之患矣。至于定吐止泻，理关格中满，香港脚疝瘕，制肝燥脾风，厥气上逆，阴寒膈塞，气不
得上下，腹胀下痢，及冲脉为病，逆气里急，并宜苦热以泄之。东垣云，浊阴不降，厥气上
逆甚而胀满者，非吴茱萸不可治。仲景吴茱萸汤、当归四逆加吴茱萸生姜汤，治厥阴病及温
脾皆用之。寇氏言，其下气最速，肠虚人服之愈甚。凡病非寒滞者勿服。按∶椒性善下，茱
萸善上，故服茱萸者有冲膈、冲眼、脱发、咽痛、动火、发疮之害。其治暴注下重，呕逆吐
酸，肝脾火逆之证，必兼苦寒以降之。如左金丸治肝火痰运嘈杂最效。小儿痘疮口噤，嚼吴
茱萸抹之即开，亦取辛散之意。
【荜澄茄】
味辛、性温，无毒。
发明：李时珍说，荜澄茄在海南等地的各个番邦都有出产，它与胡椒属于同一类植物但分为两种，就像大腹皮与槟榔的关系一样。生长在背阴处的称为澄茄，生长向阳处的称为胡椒。其主治功效与胡椒相似，但热性稍弱。治疗反胃呕吐出黑色汁液，其他药物无效时，用此药一味制成丸剂，用姜汤送服。痘疮侵入眼睛，将此药研成细末，取少许吹入鼻中，三五次即可见效。鼻塞不通，用此药半两，同薄荷叶三钱、荆芥穗二钱半，加蜜制成如芡实大小的丸剂，时时含在口中咽下。但是阴虚血分有热、发热咳嗽者禁用。
【吴茱萸】
味苦、辛，性温，有小毒。拣去闭口（未成熟或劣质）的果实，否则服用后会让人烦躁胸闷。拣净后用滚开水浸泡七次，去掉其浑浊之气，则能清香扶胃，而没有辛燥的祸患。
《神农本草经》记载其能温中焦、降逆气、止痛，除湿邪和血痹，驱逐风邪，开泄腠理，治疗咳逆寒热。
发明：吴茱萸气味浓厚，属于阳中之阴。其药性善于上行是因为味辛；又善于降逆气是因为味道浓厚。辛能发散，能燥热，且燥性入肝、行于脾。《神农本草经》主要取其温中、降逆气、止痛，治疗咳逆寒热的功效，专门利用其辛温散邪的力量。又说它能除湿、治血痹、逐风邪、开腠理，这是因为风寒湿痹，无不从脾胃而入，辛温之性能开发表里，宣通经络，而不会有拒闭的祸患。至于定吐止泻，调理关格和中满，治疗脚气、疝气、瘕聚，制约肝燥脾风，厥气上逆，阴寒膈塞，气机不得上下运行，腹胀下痢，以及冲脉为病引起的逆气里急，都适宜用苦热之品来泄降。李东垣说，浊阴不降，厥气上逆严重导致胀满的，非吴茱萸不可治疗。张仲景的吴茱萸汤、当归四逆加吴茱萸生姜汤，治疗厥阴病及温脾都使用它。寇宗奭说，吴茱萸下气速度最快，肠虚的人服用后病情会更重。凡是疾病不属于寒滞的不要服用。按语：花椒的药性善于下行，吴茱萸善于上行，所以服用吴茱萸会有冲击胸膈、冲击眼睛、脱发、咽痛、动火、发疮的危害。它治疗暴注下重（急性腹泻伴肛门重坠感）、呕逆吐酸、肝脾火逆的证候，必须兼用苦寒之品以降逆。如左金丸治疗肝火痰运嘈杂最为有效。小儿痘疮导致牙关紧闭，嚼碎吴茱萸涂抹患处即可张开，也是取辛散的意思。
[Bidengqie (Piperis Kadsurae Fructus)]
Acrid, warm, non-toxic.
Invention: Li Shizhen stated that Bidengqie is produced in various foreign regions of Hainan. It belongs to the same category as Huajiao (Zanthoxylum bungeanum) but consists of two different types, just as Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium) and Binglang (Areca Seed) are related. The one growing in shaded areas is called Chengqie, while the one growing in sunny areas is called Huajiao (Piper nigrum). Its therapeutic indications are similar to those of Huajiao, but its heat property is slightly weaker. For treating regurgitation with vomiting of black fluid when other medicines are ineffective, use this single herb made into pills, taken with Ginger Decoction. For herpes zoster or smallpox lesions entering the eyes, grind this herb into powder, take a small amount, and insufflate it into the nose three to five times for efficacy. For nasal congestion, use half liang of this herb, combined with three qian of Bohe Ye (Menthae Haplocalycis Folium) and two and a half qian of Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica), processed with honey into pills the size of an Euryale Seed (Qianshi). Contain and swallow frequently. However, it is contraindicated for patients with Yin deficiency and heat in the blood level, or those with fever and cough.
[Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus)]
Bitter, acrid, warm, slightly toxic. Select and remove closed-mouth fruits (immature or inferior ones), otherwise they will cause irritability and chest oppression. After cleaning, soak them seven times in boiling water to remove turbid qi; then they will have a clear fragrance that supports the Stomach, without the hazard of acrid dryness.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* records that it warms the Middle Jiao, directs Qi downward, alleviates pain, expels dampness and blood bi, drives out wind pathogens, opens the Cou Li (skin pores and interstices), and treats retching, cold, and heat.
Invention: Wuzhuyu has strong aroma and flavor, representing Yin within Yang. Its nature tends to ascend due to its acridity. It also excels at directing rebellious Qi downward due to its rich flavor. Acridity disperses and dries heat, and the drying nature enters the Liver and moves through the Spleen. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* primarily utilizes its ability to warm the Middle, direct Qi downward, alleviate pain, and treat retching, cold, and heat, specifically leveraging its power to disperse pathogens with acrid-warm properties. It also states that it expels dampness, treats blood bi, drives out wind pathogens, and opens the Cou Li, because wind-cold-damp bi syndromes invariably enter via the Spleen and Stomach. Acrid-warm herbs develop the exterior and interior, promote circulation, and avoid obstruction. Regarding stopping vomiting and diarrhea, regulating Guan Ge (obstruction syndrome) and fullness in the Middle, treating Hong Kong jiao (foot disease/jamjia), controlling Liver dryness and Spleen wind, upward reversal of Jue Qi, Yin-cold obstruction, Qi failing to move up and down, abdominal distension, and dysentery, as well as diseases of the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) causing rebellious Qi and internal urgency, all are suitable for treatment with bitter-hot herbs to drain and descend. Li Dongyuan said that when turbid Yin fails to descend and Jue Qi rebels severely causing distension and fullness, only Wuzhuyu can treat it. Zhang Zhongjing’s Wuzhuyu Tang (Evodia Fruit Decoction) and Danggui Sini Jia Wuzhuyu Shengjiang Tang (Tangkuei Decoction for Cold Extremities plus Evodia Fruit and Fresh Ginger Decoction) both use it for treating Jueyin syndromes and warming the Spleen. Kou Zongshi stated that it directs Qi downward most rapidly; if taken by people with empty intestines, their condition worsens. Do not take it for any disease that is not caused by cold stagnation. Note: Jiaohua (Sichuan Pepper) has a nature that favors descending, whereas Wuzhuyu favors ascending. Therefore, taking Wuzhuyu may cause harm such as striking the chest and diaphragm, striking the eyes, hair loss, sore throat, stirring fire, and inducing sores. When treating acute diarrhea with heavy sensation in the anus, vomiting and acid regurgitation, and Liver-Spleen fire rebellion, it must be combined with bitter-cold herbs to descend. For example, Zuojin Wan (Left Metal Pill) is most effective for treating Liver-fire phlegm movement and stomach discomfort. For infants with trismus due to smallpox, chewing Wuzhuyu and applying it to the mouth opens the jaws immediately, also taking advantage of its acrid-dispersing nature.