（宋开宝）
【气味】酸平，无毒。
【主治】主齿宣疳 ，肺脏风毒，流溢皮肤，作风湿癣，瘙痒脓水，五痔，下血不止，
小儿面鼻疳疮。
【核】曰∶五倍子，在处都有，蜀中者为胜。树名肤木，生丛林中，本末俱青，六七月
无花作子，子生叶底，初起甚小，渐大如菱，嫩时翠绿，老则黄褐。介甲中虚，坚结颇脆，
内有白膜，霜降采子曝干，用染重玄，迟则壳薄易腐。
【 】曰∶木以肤名，精专皮外之肤矣。经云∶夏日在肤，泛泛乎若万物之有余。又云
五六月阳气在表，垂枝布叶，皆下曲如钩，为太阳沦肤之尽，太阴肤受之始，效象阴阳，累
球叶底，小则如黍如粟，大则如菱如栗，名五倍子者以此。假木气以赋形，中有白膜如蠓蠛，
缘湿以合感而应生，木眚自成，非关外物耳。故主肺脏风毒，流溢皮肤面鼻。正皮肤者肺之
合，面鼻者肺之候也。若五痔下血，为肺脏之邪，出授大肠腑器；若齿宣疳 ，为燥金上病，
假合清肃以濡之；至于清暑止渴，疗咳嗽，通喉痹，化痰癖，逐淡阴，主泄痢，收肛脱，此
属肺金腑脏之变眚。若小儿尿血，又属游溢精气，通调水导，下输膀胱，用泄金气之郁矣。
（木命在皮，各有专精。或果，或仁，或枝叶，或根干，各备全木之体用。此独精专于
皮。皮复精专于肤，肤更精专于叶肤之肤子，若侵淫肤眚，用主侵淫肤疮，功必胜于胡粉。
不属虫卵，不属果实，此属假木气以赋形。又生成叶肤之肤子，湿生亦可，化生亦可。）
【宋开宝本草】
【气味】味酸，性平，无毒。
【主治】主治牙齿松动（齿宣）及疳积，肺脏风毒，流溢于皮肤，形成风湿癣，伴有瘙痒、流脓水，五种痔疮，便血不止，小儿面部和鼻部的疳疮。
【核】卢之颐评述道：五倍子各地都有，但蜀地出产的质量最好。这种树名叫肤木，生长在丛林中，树干和树枝都是青色的，六七月间不开花也不结果，果实生在叶子底下，刚长出来时很小，逐渐长大像菱角一样，嫩的时候是翠绿色，老了变成黄褐色。外壳坚硬如介壳，中间空虚，质地坚硬而脆，内部有白色的膜，霜降时节采集果实并晒干，用于染深色衣物，如果采集晚了，壳变薄容易腐烂。
【 】卢之颐评述道：树木以“肤”命名，是因为其精华专门集中在皮外的肤层。《内经》说：“夏天的时候，邪气在肤表，泛泛然如同万物有余。”又说：“五六月阳气在体表，树枝下垂，叶片舒展，都向下弯曲如钩，这是太阳经深入肤表的极致，也是太阴经受邪于肤表的开始。”这体现了阴阳的效象，累累果实挂在叶底，小的像黍米、粟米，大的像菱角、栗子，因此命名为五倍子。它借木气来赋予形体，中间有白色的膜像小飞虫，因为湿气结合感应而产生，是木行的病变自然形成，与外物无关。所以主治肺脏风毒，流溢到皮肤和面鼻。皮肤是肺的外合，面鼻是肺的外候。如果是五种痔疮下血，是肺脏的邪气传出授受给大肠腑器；如果是牙齿松动疳积，是燥金在上焦发病，借用清肃之气来滋润它；至于清暑止渴，治疗咳嗽，通利喉痹，消除痰癖，驱逐淡阴，主治泄痢，收敛肛门脱垂，这些都属于肺金脏腑的变异病变。如果是小儿尿血，又属于精气游溢，通过通调水道，下输膀胱，这是用来宣泄金气的郁结。（木行对应皮，各有专精。有的成果实，有的成种子，有的成枝叶，有的成根干，各自具备完整的木的体用。唯独这一种精华专门集中在皮。皮又精华集中在肤，肤更精华集中在叶肤之肤子，如果侵袭肤表的病变，用它主治侵袭肤表的疮疡，功效一定胜过胡粉。它不属于虫卵，也不属于果实，这是借木气来赋予形体。又是生成叶肤之肤子，湿生也可以，化生也可以。）
[Song Kai Bao Ben Cao]
[Flavor and Nature] Sour in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats loose teeth (Chi Xuan) and childhood malnutrition (Gan), wind-toxin of the Lung organ, which overflows into the skin, causing wind-damp tinea with itching and purulent discharge, five types of hemorrhoids, continuous rectal bleeding, and Gan sores on the face and nose of infants.
[Commentary by Lu Zhiyi] Five-fold galls are available everywhere, but those from Shu are superior. The tree is named Fu Mu (Skin Tree), growing in dense forests, with both trunk and branches green. In the sixth and seventh lunar months, it bears no flowers or fruits; the galls grow beneath the leaves. Initially very small, they gradually enlarge to resemble water caltrops. When tender, they are emerald green; when mature, yellowish-brown. The shell is hard like a carapace, hollow inside, firm yet brittle, containing a white membrane inside. They are harvested after frost and dried in the sun for dyeing deep colors; if harvested late, the shells become thin and prone to decay.
[Commentary by Lu Zhiyi] The tree is named "Fu" (Skin) because its essence specializes in the outer skin. The Classic states: "In summer, pathogens reside in the skin, abundant as all things." It also states: "In the fifth and sixth months, Yang Qi is at the surface; branches hang down, leaves spread, curving downward like hooks. This marks the culmination of Taiyang entering the skin and the beginning of Taiyin receiving pathogens at the skin." This reflects the imagery of Yin and Yang. The galls cluster under the leaves, small like millet grains, large like water caltrops or chestnuts, hence the name Wu Bei Zi (Five-fold Gall). It borrows Wood Qi to form its shape, containing a white membrane resembling midges. It arises from the interaction of dampness and sensation, being a natural pathology of Wood, unrelated to external objects. Thus, it treats wind-toxin of the Lung overflowing to the skin and face/nose. Skin is the exterior correspondence of the Lung; face and nose are its manifestations. If there is bleeding from five types of hemorrhoids, it is Lung pathogen transferring to the Large Intestine organ; if there are loose teeth and Gan sores, it is Dry Metal pathology affecting the upper jiao, utilizing clear and descending Qi to moisten it; regarding clearing summerheat and quenching thirst, treating cough, relieving throat obstruction, resolving phlegm accumulation, expelling mild yin, treating diarrhea and dysentery, and retracting rectal prolapse, these belong to pathological changes of the Lung Metal organs. If an infant has hematuria, it involves the overflow of essence, regulated through water pathways, draining downward to the Bladder, thus using this herb to vent the stagnation of Metal Qi. (Wood corresponds to skin, each having specific specialization. Some bear fruit, some seeds, some branches/leaves, some roots/trunks, each possessing the complete body and function of Wood. This one specializes solely in the skin. The skin further specializes in the epidermis, and the epidermis further specializes in the gall formed on the leaf-skin. If invading skin lesions, it treats invasive skin sores, with efficacy surpassing Bai Fen (Lead White Powder). It does not belong to insect eggs nor fruits; it borrows Wood Qi to form its shape. It is a gall generated from leaf-skin, arising either from damp generation or transformation.)