（纲目）
【气味】甘平，无毒。
【主治】主调中开胃。根叶，气味甘寒，主小便淋沥沙石，痛不可忍，煎汤频饮。
【核】曰∶玉蜀粟，别名玉高粱。即今之御粟也。种出西土，近所在亦有之矣。苗叶类
蜀黍而肥，又似薏苡而长。六七月开花成穗，如秕豆状。苗心出苞，如棕鱼状，白须四垂，
久则苞裂子出，攒簇如珠也。
【 】曰∶中秋出子，悦泽如珠，禀金水之英华，宜入肺与肾，辅先天之生气者也。故
司后天之谷府，主调中而开胃，开窍于二阴，治淋沥沙石，痛不可忍也。盖肾主溪，是知其
病之在骨。
（纲目）
【气味】辛温，无毒。
【主治】主暖中，辟瘴疠恶气，治心腹冷气痛，寒湿霍乱，风虫牙痛。入合诸香用。
【核】曰∶时珍云∶出广中，人家亦多种莳矣。根叶如姜，作樟木气。土人食其根，如
食姜云。切断曝干，皮赤肉白。古之所谓廉姜，恐其类也。酉阳杂俎云∶柰只出佛林国，长
三四尺，根大如鸭卵，叶长如蒜薤，中心抽茎甚长，茎端开花六出，色红白，心黄赤，不结
子，其草冬生夏死。取花压油涂身，去风气。按此说颇似山柰，故附之。
【 】曰∶山，宣也。柰，遇也。味辛气温，臭香且辛也。对待寒中诸证者，宣散中黄
之生气，辟除瘴厉之死气耳。
（宣气散生，产生万物者。山也，死阴之气，奚奈何。）
【本草纲目】
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】主要调理中焦、增进食欲。其根和叶，气味甘寒，主治小便淋漓不尽及沙石淋证，疼痛难以忍受，煎汤频繁饮用。
【核释】曰：玉蜀粟，别名玉高粱。就是现在的御粟。原产于西方土地，现在各地也有种植了。苗叶类似蜀黍（高粱）且肥厚，又似薏苡但更长。六七月开花结穗，形状像秕豆。苗心长出苞，形状像棕鱼，白色的须四垂下来，久了苞裂开子粒出来，聚集簇拥像珍珠一样。
【发明】曰：中秋时节果实成熟，光泽润泽如珍珠，禀受了金水二行的英华之气，适宜入肺经与肾经，辅助先天的生气。所以掌管后天的谷府，主要调理中焦而开胃，窍通于前后二阴，治疗淋沥沙石，疼痛难以忍受。大概因为肾主骨（溪指骨骼间隙或肾所主之部位），由此可知病位在骨。
【本草纲目】
【气味】味辛，性温，无毒。
【主治】主要温暖中焦，辟除瘴疠恶气，治疗心腹冷气痛、寒湿霍乱、风虫牙痛。可与其他香料配伍使用。
【核释】曰：李时珍说：产自广东地区，人家也多种植了。根叶像姜，有樟木的气味。当地人吃它的根，就像吃姜一样。切断后晒干，皮红肉白。古代的所谓廉姜，恐怕就是这一类。《酉阳杂俎》说：柰只产于佛林国，长三四尺，根大如鸭卵，叶长如蒜薤，中心抽茎很长，茎端开花六瓣，颜色红白，心黄赤，不结籽，这种草冬天生长夏天枯死。取花压榨油涂抹身体，可以去除风气。按此说法很像山奈，所以附记于此。
【发明】曰：山，意为宣散；柰，意为遇合。味道辛气温，气味香且辛。针对寒中诸证，宣散中焦脾胃的生气，辟除瘴厉的死气罢了。
（宣发正气以散生，产生万物者。山也，这是死阴之气，又能把它怎么样呢。）
[Compendium of Materia Medica]
[Taste and Nature] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily regulates the middle jiao (middle burner) and stimulates appetite. The roots and leaves have a sweet and cold taste/nature; they primarily treat strangury with sand and stones, where pain is unbearable. Decoct in water and drink frequently.
[Analysis] It is said: Yu Shu Su (Zea mays), also known as Jade Sorghum. This is what is now called Imperial Millet. It originated from the Western lands, but is now cultivated in various places. The seedlings and leaves are similar to Shu Shu (Sorghum bicolor) and are plump; they also resemble Coix seeds (Coix lacryma-jobi) but are longer. Flowers appear in June and July forming ears, resembling chaffy beans. A cob emerges from the heart of the seedling, resembling a brown fish, with white silks hanging down on four sides. After a long time, the husk splits and grains emerge, clustered together like pearls.
[Innovation] It is said: In mid-autumn, the grains mature, shining and lustrous like pearls. They inherit the essence and splendor of Metal and Water, making them suitable for entering the Lung and Kidney meridians, assisting the vital qi of congenital origin. Thus, they govern the granary of post-heaven existence, primarily regulating the middle jiao and opening the stomach. Orifices open to the two yin passages (urethra and anus), treating strangury with sand and stones, where pain is unbearable. Since the Kidney governs the bones (streams), it is known that the disease lies in the bones.
[Compendium of Materia Medica]
[Taste and Nature] Pungent, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily warms the middle jiao, dispels miasmic and evil qi, treats cold qi pain in the heart and abdomen, cold-dampness cholera, and wind-worm toothache. Used in combination with other aromatics.
[Analysis] It is said: Li Shizhen states: Originates from Guangdong, and households also cultivate it extensively. The roots and leaves resemble ginger, possessing the aroma of camphor wood. Locals eat its roots as they would eat ginger. Cut and sun-dried, the skin is red and the flesh is white. The so-called Lian Jiang (Ginger) of ancient times, perhaps this is the same category. Youyang Zazu states: Nai Zhi originates from Fo Lin Country, growing three or four chi tall, roots as large as duck eggs, leaves long like garlic scapes, center shoots a very long stem, stem tip flowers with six petals, color red and white, center yellow-red, does not produce seeds, this herb grows in winter and dies in summer. Press the flowers to extract oil and apply to the body to remove wind-pathogens. According to this description, it resembles Shan Nai (Kaempferia galanga), so it is appended here.
[Innovation] It is said: Shan implies dispersion/ventilation; Nai implies meeting/encountering. Taste is pungent and nature is warm; odor is fragrant and pungent. Regarding various syndromes of cold in the middle, it disperses the vital qi of the central spleen/stomach, expelling the dead qi of miasmal pestilence.
(Dispersing qi to generate vitality, producing all things. Shan [Mountain/Kaempferia], how can dead yin qi do anything about it?)