宣、行气。
辛苦而温。三焦气分之药。能升降诸气。泄肺气。疏肝气。和脾气。（怒则肝气上、肺
气调
、则金能制木而肝平、木不克土而脾和。）治一切气痛。（时珍曰∶诸气 郁、皆属于肺、上
焦气滞用之者、金郁泄之也、中气不运、皆属于脾、中焦气滞用之者、脾胃喜芳香也、大
肠气滞则后重、膀胱气不化则癃闭、肝气郁则为痛、下焦气滞用之者、塞者通之也。）中气
不省。（闭目不语、如中风状、为末、冬瓜子煎汤、灌下三钱。）耳卒聋闭。（切一两、酒浸
一夜、入麻油一合、煎汤滴耳。）呕逆反胃。霍乱泻痢后重。（同槟榔用、刘河间曰∶行血则
便
癃闭痰壅。气结 癖。症块肿毒。冲脉为病。气逆里急。杀鬼
物。御瘴雾。去腋臭。健胃宽中。醒脾消食。开郁安胎。（气逆则胎不安。）香燥而偏于阳。
肺虚而热。血枯而燥者。慎勿与之。（丹溪曰∶味辛气升、若阴火冲上者、反助火邪、当用
黄柏知母、少以木香佐之。）番舶上来。形如枯骨。味苦粘舌者良。名青木香。（今人皆称为
广木香、南木香。）磨汁用。东垣用黄连制。亦有蒸用、面裹煨用者。（煨用实肠止泻。）畏
火
但色微黑、体松。今人称马兜铃根为土青木香。）
即缩砂密宣、行气调中。
辛温香窜。和胃醒脾。快气调中。通行结滞。治腹痛痞胀。（痞满有伤寒下早、里虚邪
入而
痞者、有食壅痰塞而痞者、有脾虚气弱而痞者、须分虚实治之、不宜颛用利气药、恐变为鼓
胀、鼓胀内胀而外有形、痞胀唯觉痞闷而已、皆太阴为病也。）霍乱转筋。噎膈呕吐。上气
咳嗽。奔豚崩带。赤白泻痢。（湿热积滞、客于大肠、砂仁亦入大小肠经。）祛痰逐冷。消食
醒酒。止痛安胎。散咽喉口齿浮热。化铜铁骨哽。（好古曰∶得檀香豆蔻入肺、得人参益
智入脾、得黄柏茯苓入肾、得赤石脂入大小肠、韩飞霞医通曰∶辛能润肾燥、引诸药归宿丹
田
下达也、经疏曰∶肾虚气不归元、用为向导、殆胜桂附热药为害。
）辛窜性燥。血虚火炎者勿用。胎妇多服耗气。必致难产。出岭南。炒去衣研。（百一选方、
治鱼骨入咽、砂仁甘草等分为末、绵包、含之咽汁、当随痰出。）
宣通、行气。
（木香）味辛、苦，性温。是作用于三焦气分的药物。能够调节全身气的升降，宣泄肺气，疏理肝气，调和脾气。（怒则肝气上逆，肺气调顺，则金能制木而肝气平和，木不克土而脾气调和。）治疗各种气滞疼痛。（李时珍说：各种气机郁结，都归属于肺，上焦气机阻滞使用它，是因为“金郁泄之”的原理；中焦气机不运转，都归属于脾，中焦气滞使用它，是因为脾胃喜欢芳香的气味；大肠气机阻滞则出现里急后重，膀胱气化不利则出现小便癃闭，肝气郁结则导致疼痛，下焦气机阻滞使用它，是因为“塞者通之”的原理。）治疗中气昏迷。（表现为闭目不语，像中风的样子，将药研成末，用冬瓜子煎汤，灌服三钱。）治疗突然耳聋耳闭。（切取一两，用酒浸泡一夜，加入麻油一合，煎煮后滴入耳中。）治疗呕吐呃逆、反胃。霍乱、腹泻痢疾伴有的里急后重。（与槟榔同用，刘完素说：行血则便脓自愈，行气则后重自除。）治疗痰壅气结形成的癖块、症瘕肿块及肿毒。冲脉为病引起的症状。气逆导致的腹部拘急疼痛。驱除鬼物邪气，抵御瘴气雾气，去除腋臭，健胃宽中，醒脾消食，开郁结安胎。（气逆则胎不安宁。）气味香燥且偏于阳。肺虚而有热，血枯而干燥的人，千万不要使用。（朱丹溪说：味道辛，气机上升，如果是阴火冲上的人，反而助长火邪，应当使用黄柏、知母，少量用木香佐助。）从海外船运而来，形状像枯骨，味道苦且粘舌的是上品。称为青木香。（现在人都称为广木香、南木香。）磨汁服用。李东垣用黄连炮制。也有蒸用的，或用面粉包裹煨制的。（煨制用于实肠止泻。）畏火。（注：此处原文可能有脱漏或错简，通常指忌火炒或特定炮制禁忌，但根据上下文“但色微黑、体松”推测可能是在描述另一种药材或伪品特征，结合后文“今人称马兜铃根为土青木香”，此处主要描述正品木香的性状及伪品混淆情况，但原文片段较碎，仅翻译可见部分）。只是颜色微黑，质地疏松。（现在有人称马兜铃根为土青木香。）
即缩砂密（砂仁）。宣通、行气、调中。
（砂仁）味辛，性温，香气浓烈窜透。和胃醒脾，快气调中，通行凝结阻滞。治疗腹痛痞胀。（痞满有因伤寒误下，里虚邪入而致痞的，有因食积壅塞、痰湿阻塞而致痞的，有因脾虚气弱而致痞的，必须区分虚实治疗，不宜专门使用利气药，恐怕变为鼓胀，鼓胀是内胀而外有形，痞胀只觉得痞闷而已，这都是太阴经的病证。）霍乱转筋。噎膈呕吐。上气咳嗽。奔豚、崩漏带下。赤白痢疾。（湿热积滞，客居于大肠，砂仁也进入大小肠经。）祛痰逐冷，消食醒酒，止痛安胎。消散咽喉口齿浮热，化解铜铁骨哽。（寇宗奭说：得到檀香、豆蔻可入肺经，得到人参、益智仁可入脾经，得到黄柏、茯苓可入肾经，得到赤石脂可入大小肠经，韩飞霞《医通》说：辛味能润肾燥，引导诸药归宿丹田下达；《本草经疏》说：肾虚气不归元，用它作为向导，大概比桂枝、附子等热药危害小。）辛散窜透，性质燥烈。血虚火炎的人不要使用。孕妇多服会耗气，必然导致难产。产于岭南。炒去壳研粉。（《百一选方》记载，治疗鱼骨卡在喉咙，砂仁、甘草等分为末，用绵布包裹，含在口中咽下汁液，鱼骨应随痰吐出。）
To promote circulation and move Qi.
(Xiangfu, Radix Aucklandiae) Pungent, bitter, and warm in nature. It is a herb that acts on the Qi aspect of the San Jiao (Triple Burner). It can regulate the ascending and descending of all Qi, drain Lung Qi, soothe Liver Qi, and harmonize Spleen Qi. (Anger causes Liver Qi to ascend; when Lung Qi is regulated, Metal controls Wood, so Liver Qi becomes peaceful, and Wood does not overact on Earth, so Spleen Qi harmonizes.) It treats all types of Qi stagnation pain. (Li Shizhen said: Various Qi depressions belong to the Lung. When Upper Jiao Qi stagnates, it is used based on the principle of "draining Metal depression." Mid-Jiao Qi fails to transport, belonging to the Spleen; when Mid-Jiao Qi stagnates, it is used because the Spleen and Stomach favor aromatic scents. Large Intestine Qi stagnation leads to tenesmus; Bladder Qi fails to transform, leading to strangury. Liver Qi depression causes pain. When Lower Jiao Qi stagnates, it is used based on the principle of "unblocking obstruction.") It treats sudden loss of consciousness due to Mid-Jiao Qi blockage. (Manifesting as closing eyes and silence, resembling stroke. Powder the herb, decoct winter melon seeds in water, and administer three qian orally.) It treats sudden deafness and ear blockage. (Slice one liang, soak in wine overnight, add one he of sesame oil, decoct, and drip into the ear.) It treats vomiting, hiccups, and retrograde vomiting. Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), diarrhea, dysentery with tenesmus. (Used together with Binglang, Areca Seed. Liu Wansu said: Moving blood heals bloody stool; moving Qi relieves tenesmus.) It treats phlegm congestion and Qi knotting forming masses, nodules, swellings, and toxic sores. It treats conditions of the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel). It treats Qi rebellion causing abdominal urgency and tension. It expels evil spirits, wards off miasma, removes axillary odor, strengthens the Stomach, broadens the Middle Jiao, awakens the Spleen, aids digestion, opens depression, and calms the fetus. (Qi rebellion causes fetal unrest.) Its aroma is dry and biased towards Yang. For those with Lung deficiency and heat, or blood depletion with dryness, do not use it. (Zhu Danxi said: The taste is pungent and the Qi ascends. If Yin fire rebels upward, it will instead assist the pathogenic fire. One should use Huangbai, Phellodendri Cortex, and Zhimu, Ash-fragrant Root, adding a small amount of Xiangfu as an assistant.) Imported by sea ships. Those shaped like dried bones, with a bitter taste that sticks to the tongue, are of good quality. Named Qingmuxiang (Green Aucklandia). (Nowadays, people generally call it Guangmuxiang or Nanmuxiang.) Grind for juice usage. Li Dongyuan used it processed with Huanglian, Coptidis Rhizoma. There are also steamed versions, or those wrapped in flour and baked. (Baking is used to solidify the intestines and stop diarrhea.) Fears fire. (Note: The original text fragment here is disjointed, mentioning "but color slightly black, body loose," followed by "now people call Aristolochia root as Tuqingmuxiang," implying a distinction between authentic and fake herbs.)
This refers to Suashami (Sharen, Amomi Fructus). Promotes circulation, moves Qi, and regulates the Middle Jiao.
Pungent, warm, and strongly aromatic. Harmonizes the Stomach, awakens the Spleen, rapidly regulates Qi in the Middle Jiao, and unblocks condensations and stagnations. It treats abdominal pain and fullness/distension. (Fullness/distension can be caused by early purgation in Cold Damage, where interior deficiency allows pathogens to enter; or by food accumulation and phlegm obstruction; or by Spleen deficiency and Qi weakness. One must differentiate deficiency and excess. Do not exclusively use Qi-draining herbs, lest it transform into Drum Distension. Drum Distension involves internal swelling with external form, whereas Pi Distension is merely a sensation of stuffiness. These are diseases of the Taiyin.) Huoluan with tendon twitching. Yige (dysphagia) and vomiting. Rebellious Qi and cough. Ben Tun (running piglet syndrome), metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Red and white dysentery. (Damp-heat and accumulated stagnation lodge in the Large Intestine; Sharen also enters the channels of the Large and Small Intestines.) Expels phlegm and drives out cold, aids digestion, clears alcohol intoxication, stops pain, calms the fetus, dissipates floating heat in the throat and teeth, and dissolves fish or iron bone obstructions. (Kou Zongshi said: Combined with Tanxiang, Santalum Album, and Doukou, Cardamomi Fructus, it enters the Lung channel; combined with Renshen, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and Yizhi, Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus, it enters the Spleen channel; combined with Huangbai and Fuling, Poria, it enters the Kidney channel; combined with Chishizhi, Halloysit Rubrum, it enters the Large and Small Intestine channels. Han Feixia in *Yi Tong* said: Pungency can moisten Kidney dryness, guiding various herbs to return to the Dantian and descend. *Bencao Jing Shu* said: For Kidney deficiency where Qi does not return to its origin, using it as a guide is likely less harmful than hot herbs like Guizhi, Ramulus Cinnamomi, and Fuzii, Radix et Rhizoma Aconiti Lateralis Preparata.) Its pungent and penetrating nature is drying. Do not use for those with Blood deficiency and flaming Fire. Pregnant women taking large amounts may deplete Qi, inevitably leading to difficult labor. Produced in Lingnan. Stir-fry to remove the husk and grind. (*Baiyi Xuanfang* records treating fish bone stuck in the throat: equal parts Sharen and Gancao, Licorice Root, ground to powder, wrapped in silk, held in the mouth to swallow the juice; the bone should come out with the phlegm.)