音恶。燥湿、温水脏。
甘温。治男子水脏冷。女子子宫冷。卒暴咳嗽。风赤烂眼。反胃泻痢。（诸土皆能胜湿
补脾
、而白垩能兼入气分。）痱子瘙痒。（为末敷之。） 疮不干。（ 研、生油调搽。）即白 土
。
燥湿解毒。
甘平。治泄痢冷热赤白。腹内热毒绞结痛。下血。又解诸药毒。中肉毒。合口椒毒、野
菌毒
。（刘跋钱乙传云∶元丰中、皇子仪国公、病螈 、国医未能治、长公主举乙入、进黄土汤
而愈、神宗召见、问其故、对曰∶以土胜水、水得其平、则风自退尔、夷坚志云∶吴少师得
疾、数月消瘦、每日饮食入咽、如万虫攒攻、且痒且痛、皆以为劳瘵、迎明医张锐诊之、锐
令明旦勿食、遣卒诣十里外、取行路黄土至、以温酒二升搅之、投药百粒、饮之觉痛、几
不堪、及登溷、下马蝗千余、其半已困死、吴亦惫甚、调理三日乃安、因言夏月出师、燥渴
、饮涧水一杯、似有物入咽、遂得此病、锐曰∶虫入食人脏、势必孳生、饥则聚咂精血、饱
则散处脏腑、苟知杀之、而不能扫取、终无益也、是以请公枵腹以诱之、虫久不得土味、
又喜酒、故乘饥毕集、一洗而空之、凡跌打损伤、及木石所伤、取净土五升、蒸热、以故布
重裹、作二包、更互熨之、勿大热、恐破肉、痛止则已、虽瘀血凝积、气绝欲死者、亦活。
）张司空言。三尺以上曰粪。三尺以下曰土。凡用、当去上恶物。勿令入客水。（藏器曰∶
土
气久触、令人面黄、掘土犯地脉、令人上气身肿、掘土犯神煞、令人生肿毒。）
（白垩）味苦，性寒。具有燥湿、温补命门之火的功效。
（黄土）味甘，性温。治疗男子水脏寒冷，女子子宫寒冷，突发暴烈的咳嗽，风邪引起的眼睑红肿溃烂，反胃及腹泻痢疾。（各种土类都能胜湿补脾，而白垩能兼入气分。）痱子瘙痒。（将黄土研成粉末外敷。）疮口不干涸。（将黄土研细，用生油调和后涂抹。）这就是白土。
（黄土）具有燥湿解毒的功效。
味甘，性平。治疗冷热夹杂的泄痢，赤白相间的痢疾，腹内热毒绞结疼痛，便血。又能解各种药物中毒，以及肉类毒素、合口椒毒、野生菌毒。（刘翰在《钱乙传》跋文中记载：宋神宗元丰年间，皇子仪国公患病抽搐，御医们无法治愈，长公主推荐钱乙入宫诊治，钱乙进献黄土汤后病情痊愈。神宗皇帝召见询问原因，钱乙回答说：“以土克水，水气平和，则肝风自然消退。”《夷坚志》记载：吴少师患病，几个月消瘦，每天饮食咽下时，感觉像有万只虫子聚集攻击，又痒又痛，大家都认为是劳瘵病，请来名医张锐诊治。张锐让他第二天早晨空腹，派士兵到十里外取行路黄土，用两升温酒搅拌，加入一百粒药丸，让他服下。服药后感觉疼痛加剧，几乎难以忍受，等到上厕所时，排出一千多条马蝗虫，其中一半已经困死，吴少师也疲惫不堪，调理三天后才安定下来。于是说夏天出兵时，因干燥口渴，喝了一杯山涧水，好像有东西进入咽喉，从而得了这个病。张锐说：“虫子进入人体吃内脏，势必繁殖生长，饥饿时就聚拢吸食精血，饱食后就分散在脏腑中，如果只知道杀死它们而不能清扫出去，终究没有益处。所以请先生空腹来引诱它们，虫子很久没吃到土的味道，又喜欢酒味，所以在饥饿时全部聚集，一次清洗就空了。凡是跌打损伤，以及被木石所伤，取干净泥土五升，蒸热，用旧布重重包裹，做成两个包，交替熨烫患处，不要太热，恐怕烫伤皮肤，疼痛停止即可。即使是瘀血凝积，气息断绝快要死亡的人，也能救活。）这是张司空说的话。三尺以上称为粪，三尺以下称为土。凡是用土，应当去掉上面的污秽之物，不要让生水混入。（陈藏器说：长时间接触土气，使人面色发黄；掘土触犯地脉，使人气逆身体浮肿；掘土触犯神煞，使人发生肿毒。）
(Bai E / White Kaolin) Bitter, cold. Dries dampness and warms the Mingmen fire (Gate of Vitality).
(Huang Tu / Yellow Earth) Sweet, warm. Treats coldness in the Water Organ (Kidney/Bladder system) in men, and coldness in the uterus in women; sudden violent coughing; wind-induced redness and ulceration of the eyelids; regurgitation; diarrhea and dysentery. (All types of earth can overcome dampness and tonify the Spleen, whereas Bai E can additionally enter the Qi level.) Miliaria with itching. (Grind into powder and apply externally.) Non-drying sores. (Grind finely, mix with raw sesame oil, and apply.) This is also known as White Earth.
(Huang Tu / Yellow Earth) Dries dampness and resolves toxicity.
Sweet, neutral. Treats mixed cold-heat diarrhea and dysentery with red and white discharge; abdominal pain caused by heat-toxin knotting internally; hematochezia (blood in stool). It also resolves various drug poisonings, meat toxin poisoning, *Capsicum* (hekou jiao) toxin poisoning, and wild mushroom toxin poisoning. (Liu Han wrote in his postscript to the Biography of Qian Yi: During the Yuanfeng era of Emperor Shenzong of Song, the Imperial Prince, Duke Yiguo, suffered from convulsions. The imperial physicians could not cure him. The Princess Longzhu recommended Qian Yi for treatment. Qian Yi prescribed Huangtu Tang (Yellow Earth Decoction), after which the illness was cured. Emperor Shenzong summoned him and asked for the reason. He replied, "Earth overcomes Water; when Water becomes balanced, Wind naturally subsides." *Yijian Zhi* records: Minister Wu Shaoshi fell ill and wasted away over several months. Every time food entered his throat, he felt as if ten thousand insects were swarming and attacking him, causing both itching and pain. Everyone believed it was consumption (lao zhai). They invited the renowned physician Zhang Rui. Zhang Rui instructed him to fast the next morning and sent a soldier to fetch yellow earth from the road ten li away. He stirred two sheng of warm wine with the earth, added one hundred pills of medicine, and had him drink it. After drinking, he felt intensified pain, barely enduring it. When he went to the latrine, he excreted more than a thousand horse leeches, half of which were already dead from exhaustion. Wu Shaoshi was also extremely exhausted but stabilized after three days of recuperation. He explained that during a summer military campaign, due to dryness and thirst, he drank a cup of stream water, feeling something enter his throat, which led to this illness. Zhang Rui said, "When worms enter the body and feed on the viscera, they inevitably multiply. When hungry, they gather to suck essence and blood; when full, they scatter throughout the organs and bowels. If one only knows how to kill them but cannot sweep them out, it is ultimately of no benefit. Therefore, I asked you to fast to lure them. Having been deprived of the taste of earth for a long time and liking the taste of wine, they gathered all at once when hungry, allowing for a complete cleansing. For any falls, blows, or injuries caused by wood or stone, take five sheng of pure earth, steam it until hot, wrap it heavily in old cloth to make two packs, and alternately apply them to the affected area. Do not make it too hot to avoid breaking the skin. Stop when the pain ceases. Even in cases where blood stasis is consolidated and vital energy seems severed, approaching death, life can be restored." This was stated by Zhang Sikong. Above three chi is called feces; below three chi is called earth. Whenever using earth, remove the upper foul matter and do not allow unboiled water to enter. (Chen Cangqi said: Long-term contact with earth qi causes yellow complexion; digging earth violates the earth's pulse, causing qi rebellion and bodily swelling; digging earth offends divine/spiritual forces, causing people to develop swellings and sores.))