宽中散滞。
甘平。宽中下气。散肠胃滞气。元时始自胡地来。气味微似莱菔。故名。有黄赤二种。
子似
莳萝。可和食料。治时痢。
通、去伏热。
甘平。去伏热。及头中风热。利口齿及大小肠。治烦渴。崩中带下。五种黄病。（小便
出血
、水芹捣汁、日服二合。）
泻、散结。
甘寒。除心下烦热。疗鼠 瘰 。结核聚气。下瘀血。止霍乱。（凡结核气、旱芹日干
为末
、油煎成膏摩之、日三五度、便痊。）
古名同蒿。宣、消痰利便。
甘辛凉。安心气。和脾胃。消痰饮。利肠胃。
一名菘菜。和中、疏通脏腑。
甘平。利肠胃。除胸中烦。解酒渴。消食下气。治瘴气。止热气嗽。和中。利大小便。
茎圆
浓者。名白菜。茎扁而白。黄嫩脆美者。名黄芽菜。尤美而益人。（小儿赤游、行于上下、
至心即死、菘芽捣敷之、良、漆毒生疮、捣敷亦妙。）以上荤辛类。
一名菠 。通脏腑血脉。
甘温。（古本草皆言其冷、今人历试之、但见其热、不觉其冷。）滑微毒。利五脏。通血
脉。
开胸膈。解酒毒。宣肠胃热。下气调中。止渴润燥。根尤良。
利脏和中
甘温。利五脏。益肝和中。根、益胃明目。治目痛。同叶烧灰。治赤白痢极效。（蜜汤
调。
释家取其茎、作挑灯杖、可辟蚊蛾、谓之护生草、以能护众生也。）
子、名 实、又名菥 子。明目。甘平。去风热毒。明目。治目痛青盲。（饥岁采子、
水调成块、煮粥作饼、甚粘滑。）花、治久痢。（阴干研末、枣汤日服二钱。）辟蚊蛾。（布席
下
宽中散滞。
味甘性平。能宽中下气，消散肠胃中的滞气。元代时从胡地传入。气味略微像萝卜，因此得名。有黄色和红色两种。
种子类似莳萝。可以和食物一起食用。治疗时行痢疾。
通、去伏热。
味甘性平。清除潜伏的热邪。以及头部中风引起的风热。通畅口齿及大小肠。治疗烦渴。崩漏带下。五种黄病。（小便出血，用水芹捣汁，每日服用二合。）
泻、散结。
味甘性寒。清除心下的烦热。治疗鼠瘰疬（淋巴结核）。痰核积聚之气。下行瘀血。止住霍乱。（凡是结核气，用旱芹晒干研为粉末，用油煎成膏状外涂按摩，每日三到五次，即可痊愈。）
古名同蒿。宣、消痰利便。
味甘辛性凉。安定心气。调和脾胃。消除痰饮。通畅肠胃。
一名菘菜。和中、疏通脏腑。
味甘性平。通畅肠胃。清除胸中的烦闷。解除酒后的口渴。消化食物，降气。治疗瘴气。止住热气咳嗽。调和中焦。通畅大小便。
茎圆且厚的，名叫白菜。茎扁而白的，嫩黄脆美的，名叫黄芽菜。尤其美味且有益于人。（小儿赤游丹，游走于身体上下，到达心脏就会死亡，用菘芽捣碎敷贴，效果很好；漆毒引起的疮疡，捣碎敷贴也奇妙。）以上属于荤辛类。
一名菠菜。通脏腑血脉。
味甘性温。（古代本草都说它性冷，如今人们多次尝试，只见到其温热，感觉不到寒冷。）滑利，微有毒。通畅五脏。通行血脉。
开通胸膈。解除酒毒。宣发肠胃热邪。降气调中。止渴润燥。根部尤其好。
利脏和中
味甘性温。通畅五脏。补益肝脏，调和中焦。根部，补益胃腑，明目。治疗眼痛。连同叶子烧成灰。治疗赤白痢疾极有效。（用蜜汤调服。
佛教徒取其茎，作为挑灯杖，可以驱避蚊蛾，叫做护生草，因为它能保护众生。）
种子，名叫葶苈子，又名菥蓂子。明目。味甘性平。去除风热毒邪。明目。治疗眼痛、青盲。（饥荒年份采集种子，用水调成块状，煮粥做饼，非常粘滑。）花，治疗久痢。（阴干研末，用枣汤每日服用二钱。）驱避蚊蛾。（铺在席子下面）
Broaden the middle and dissipate stagnation.
Sweet and neutral in nature. It broadens the middle, directs qi downward, and dissipates stagnant qi in the intestines and stomach. It was introduced from Hu lands during the Yuan Dynasty. Its flavor is slightly similar to that of radish (Raphani Semen), hence the name. There are two varieties: yellow and red.
The seeds resemble Anethum graveolens (Dill). They can be used as a condiment. It treats epidemic dysentery.
Unblocking and clearing latent heat.
Sweet and neutral. Clears latent heat. Also treats wind-heat caused by stroke affecting the head. Benefits the teeth, mouth, large intestine, and small intestine. Treats irritability and thirst. Metrorrhagia and leukorrhea. Five types of jaundice. (For hematuria, crush Celery Stalk and Leaf (Apiae Tenuifoliae Rhizoma et Radix) into juice, take 2 he (Chinese unit of volume) daily.)
Purging and dissipating nodules.
Sweet and cold. Removes vexatious heat in the epigastrium. Treats scrofula (lymphatic tuberculosis). Phlegm-nodules and accumulated qi. Promotes the discharge of blood stasis. Stops cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea. (For phlegm-nodules, dry Apium graveolens (Celery) in the sun, grind into powder, fry with oil to make a paste, apply externally and massage, 3-5 times daily, for recovery.)
Ancient name: Tonghao. Disseminating and resolving phlegm, benefiting urination and defecation.
Sweet, pungent, and cool. Calms the heart qi. Harmonizes the spleen and stomach. Resolves phlegm-fluids. Benefits the intestines and stomach.
Also known as Songcai. Harmonizing the middle, unblocking the zang-fu organs.
Sweet and neutral. Benefits the intestines and stomach. Removes vexation in the chest. Relieves post-alcohol thirst. Digests food, directs qi downward. Treats miasma. Stops cough due to heat. Harmonizes the middle. Benefits urination and defecation.
Those with round and thick stems are called Chinese Cabbage (Brassica pekinensis). Those with flat and white stems, tender, yellow, and crisp, are called Yellow Sprout Cabbage. They are especially delicious and beneficial. (For erysipelas in children, which wanders up and down the body, death occurs if it reaches the heart; crush Songcai sprouts and apply topically, effective. For sores caused by lac poisoning, crushing and applying is also wonderful.) The above belong to the acrid-warm category.
Also known as Spinach. Unblocking the zang-fu organs and blood vessels.
Sweet and warm. (Ancient materia medica all stated it was cold; however, modern experience shows only warmth, not coldness.) Slippery, slightly toxic. Benefits the five zang organs. Unblocks blood vessels.
Opens the chest and diaphragm. Resolves alcohol toxicity. Disseminates intestinal and stomach heat. Directs qi downward, harmonizes the middle. Stops thirst, moistens dryness. The root is particularly good.
Benefiting the zang organs and harmonizing the middle.
Sweet and warm. Benefits the five zang organs. Tonifies the liver, harmonizes the middle. The root tonifies the stomach, brightens the eyes. Treats eye pain. Burn the leaves together with the root to ash. Extremely effective for bloody and non-bloody dysentery. (Mix with honey water.
Buddhists use its stalks as wick-trimmers, which can repel mosquitoes and moths, called "Life-Protecting Grass," because it protects living beings.)
The seed, named Tinglizi, also known as Ximingzi. Brightens the eyes. Sweet and neutral. Dispels wind-heat toxins. Brightens the eyes. Treats eye pain and blindness. (In years of famine, collect the seeds, mix with water to form a mass, cook into porridge or cakes, very sticky and slippery.) The flowers treat chronic dysentery. (Dry in shade, grind into powder, take 2 qian daily with jujube soup.) Repel mosquitoes and moths. (Place under mats)